Deck 10: Biodiversity 3: Animals

Question 1

What happened during the Cambrian explosion?

A) Many large volcanoes erupted.
B) There was a large asteroid impact.
C) There was a rapid diversification of animal forms.
D) Animals first evolved from single-celled organisms.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following best describes sponges?

A) They are asymmetrical, lack tissues, and do not move.
B) They are symmetrical, lack tissues, and do not move.
C) They are asymmetrical, have tissues, and do not move.
D) They are symmetrical, have tissues, and do not move.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

How many of the animal phyla include single-celled animals?

A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following best describes cnidarians?

A) They are asymmetrical and have tissues and stinging cells.
B) They have radial body symmetry, lack tissues, but have stinging cells.
C) They have radial body symmetry, tissues, and stinging cells.
D) They have radial body symmetry and tissues but lack stinging cells.

Question 5

The first animals evolved from ________.

A) colonies of protists
B) colonies of plants
C) colonies of bacteria
D) colonies of archaea

Question 6

Which one of the following is a defining characteristic of animals but not of plants?

A) Autotrophic
B) Heterotrophic
C) Eukaryotic
D) Prokaryotic

Question 7

Being a heterotroph means ________.

A) making your own food from the sun
B) making your own food from oxygen
C) obtaining your food by eating other organisms
D) obtaining your food by photosynthesis

Question 8

Which of the following best describes mollusks?

A) They have radial body symmetry and a soft body always covered with a shell.
B) They are bilaterally symmetrical and have a soft body always covered with a shell.
C) They have radial body symmetry and a soft body sometimes covered with a shell.
D) They are bilaterally symmetrical and have a soft body sometimes covered with a shell.

Question 9

What do sponges and cnidarians have in common?

A) Organization of cells into tissues
B) Mobility
C) Symmetry
D) None of the above

Question 10

Flatworms are most closely related to the ________.

A) cnidarians
B) annelids
C) echinoderms
D) arthropods

Question 11

The echinoderms are most closely related to the ________.

A) chordates
B) flatworms
C) mollusks
D) arthropods

Question 12

Gastropods are the most numerous group of mollusks and include the ________.

A) clams and oysters
B) snails and slugs
C) squid and octopi
D) scallops and nautiluses

Question 13

Sponges are found ________.

A) only in seawater
B) mostly in seawater
C) only in fresh water
D) mostly in fresh water

Question 14

Many,though not all,mollusks have a shell.What secretes the shell?

A) The foot
B) The mantle
C) The radula
D) The visceral mass

Question 15

Which body form of the cnidarians is sessile?

A) Jelly
B) Fish
C) Medusa
D) Polyp

Question 16

The radial symmetry of adult echinoderms could best be described as ________.

A) biradial
B) bilateral
C) fourfold symmetrical
D) fivefold symmetrical

Question 17

Some restaurants serve seafood platters that contain oysters,mussels,and clams.Such platters therefore consist of ________.

A) sponges
B) cnidarians
C) gastropods
D) mollusks

Question 18

Which type of worm lacks a complete digestive tract?

A) Flatworms
B) Annelids
C) Roundworms
D) All of the above

Question 19

Most animals fall into one of how many phyla?

A) 100
B) 35
C) 9
D) 5

Question 20

What defines radial symmetry?

A) Any plane of symmetry passing through the center of the organism splits it into equal halves.
B) Only five planes of symmetry passing through the center of the organism splits it into equal halves.
C) Only one plane of symmetry splits the organism into equal halves.
D) No planes of symmetry exist; the organism cannot be split into equal halves.

Question 21

Which chordate trait evolved first?

A) Calcium-hardened skeleton
B) Amniotic egg
C) Four limbs
D) Skull and backbone

Question 22

What is the function of a fish's operculum?

A) Detects biofields in the immediate vicinity
B) Detects movements in the surrounding water
C) Protects the gills
D) Provides buoyancy

Question 23

Which arthropod subgroup includes the spiders?

A) Arachnids
B) Crustaceans
C) Insects
D) None of these

Question 24

Which group of fishes evolved first?

A) Ray-finned fishes
B) Lobe-finned fishes
C) Cartilaginous fishes
D) Jawless fishes

Question 25

Compared to mammals and reptiles,what characteristic prevents amphibians from surviving far from water?

A) Their limbs are too weak to support their weight on land.
B) They do not have any lungs and cannot breathe out of the water.
C) Their eggs do not have an amnion which prevents them from drying out.
D) Their cartilaginous endoskeleton would dry out on land.

Question 26

Serial repetition of segments is a defining characteristic of which worm phylum?

A) Flatworms
B) Annelids
C) Roundworms
D) Segmentation is not a defining characteristic of any of the worm phyla.

Question 27

Worms all appear to be closely related but have distinct evolutionary histories,resulting in the classification of worms into ________ phyla.

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four

Question 28

Which of the following features are used to identify chordates?

A) A hollow nerve cord
B) A notochord
C) A tail during embryonic development
D) All of the above are features used to identify chordates.

Question 29

What do sharks have in common with goldfish?

A) Opercula
B) A lateral line system
C) Electrosensors
D) A cartilaginous skeleton

Question 30

Most chordates are ________.

A) invertebrates
B) vertebrates
C) insects
D) None of the above

Question 31

Which phylum is most closely related to the arthropods?

A) Mollusks
B) Echinoderms
C) Roundworms
D) Annelids

Question 32

What are the key characteristics of arthropods?

A) Fused bodies, tough exoskeleton, and jointed appendages
B) Segmented bodies, no exoskeleton, and jointed appendages
C) Fused bodies, no exoskeleton, and jointed appendages
D) Segmented bodies, tough exoskeleton, and jointed appendages

Question 33

Which of the following phyla is the most diverse and numerous?

A) The chordates
B) The cnidarians
C) The echinoderms
D) The arthropods

Question 34

Which group of fishes gave rise to the amphibians?

A) Ray-finned fishes
B) Lobe-finned fishes
C) Cartilaginous fishes
D) Jawless fishes

Question 35

Roundworms are more closely related to arthropods than to flatworms.

Question 36

Which phylum of worms includes the leeches?

A) Flatworms
B) Annelids
C) Roundworms
D) None of the above

Question 37

How do bony fish regulate buoyancy?

A) With an air-filled swim bladder
B) With a large, oil-filled liver
C) By constantly swimming at an upwards angle
D) Through the calcium in the bones, which makes the skeleton lighter than the water

Question 38

All vertebrates have ________.

A) hair and a backbone
B) a skull and a backbone
C) four limbs and a backbone
D) scales and a backbone

Question 39

Which is most closely related to the hagfish?

A) Shark
B) Tunicate
C) Lamprey
D) Lancelet

Question 40

Which arthropod subgroup includes those with six legs?

A) Arachnids
B) Crustaceans
C) Insects
D) All of the above

Question 41

Although exceptions do exist,which is a distinctively amphibian trait?

A) Juveniles have gills, and adults have lungs.
B) Respiration occurs through the skin.
C) Skin is smooth with no scales, feathers, or hair.
D) All of these are distinctive amphibian traits.

Question 42

On which continent would you have seen the very earliest members of Homo sapiens?

A) Europe
B) Asia
C) Africa
D) Australia

Question 43

Humans belong to which subgroup of mammals?

A) Marsupials
B) Monotremes
C) Eutherians
D) Cetaceans

Question 44

Birds are a type of reptile.

Question 45

How might an early primate's environment lead to the evolution of a large brain in relation to body size?

Question 46

If you traveled back in time and met a living hominin,which clues might tell you that your new friend was in the genus Australopithecus and not Homo?

A) The hominin was bipedal.
B) You were in Africa.
C) The hominin had a relatively large brain.
D) You had traveled 3.5 million years into the past.

Question 47

Which evolved first,plants or animals? What evidence exists for your answer? Explain your reasoning as to why one would have evolved 100 million years prior to the other.

Question 48

Parasites have often been described incorrectly as having "devolved" from a more highly evolved organism.Why would it be more accurate to say that they are just as evolved as any other organism?

Question 49

All mammals ________.

A) give birth to live young
B) are nocturnal
C) have mammary glands
D) are ectothermic

Question 50

Which subgroup of mammals raises their young in pouches?

A) Marsupials
B) Monotremes
C) Eutherians
D) Cetaceans

Question 51

Which of the following is not a primate?

A) Lemurs
B) Apes
C) Monkeys
D) All are primates.

Question 52

To which group do orangutans belong?

A) Anthropoid monkeys
B) Nonanthropoid monkeys
C) Anthropoid apes
D) Nonanthropoid apes

Question 53

What characterizes terrestrial tetrapods?

A) Lives on land, has four limbs
B) Lives on land, has four sets of chromosomes
C) Lives on land, has four cranial nerves
D) Lives in the water, has four limbs

Question 54

Which of the following is human's closest living relative?

A) Gibbons
B) Gorillas
C) Chimpanzees
D) Baboons

Question 55

What is the main difference between amphibians and reptiles?

A) Reptiles are tied to water for reproduction, while amphibians have amniotic eggs that can survive on dry land.
B) Amphibians are tied to water for reproduction, while reptiles have amniotic eggs that can survive on dry land.
C) Neither are tied to water for reproduction.
D) There is little difference between amphibians and reptiles.

Question 56

In terms of food collection,what is an advantage of radial and bilateral symmetry? Include examples of both forms of symmetry in your answer.