Deck 1: Food and Culture

Question 1

Ethnicity has no relationship to health disparities in the United States.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Culturally specific preferences become apparent around what age?​

A) ​2 years
B) 3-6 years​
C) 7 years​
D) Teen years​
E) Adulthood​

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Biculturation can be defined as a minority group member's identity being completely submerged in or sublimated to the dominant cultural identity.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

In 2007, more than seventy-five different ancestry groups were reported in the United States.

Question 5

Which phrase is the best definition of culture?

A) ​the beliefs, attitudes, values, and practices of a community of individuals
B) ​the influence of physical geography and climate on a person's choices
C) the ability to select and enjoy fine food, art, and leisure​
D) ​a lifestyle that is determined by the country in which a person was born
E) the identity associated with shared behavior patterns​

Question 6

The need for humans to experiment with food choices, but at the same time to be conservative, is called​

A) ​the omnivore's paradox.
B) the demographic dilemma.
C) assimilation.
D) the American paradox.
E) ​ethnocentrism.

Question 7

Historians and scientists speculate that _____ is the foremost reason that herbs and spices have assumed such an essential role in food habits.

A) ​palatability
B) disguising spoiled foods​
C) producing physiological responses​
D) producing psychological responses​
E) self-expression​

Question 8

Rules regarding _____ determine who can dine together.

A) ​commensalism
B) ​ethnocentrism
C) ​prejudice
D) ​class
E) ​status

Question 9

The term "tossed salad" has replaced the idea of a "melting pot" because individuals maintain their own identity-even when mixed together in a group.

Question 10

Dining out is one way that we demonstrate belongingness, status, and self-realization.

Question 11

Your self- identity related to your role in life affects your perception of what should and should not be eaten for health.

Question 12

Traditional food choices are among the last factors to change in the process of acculturation.

Question 13

Children learn food preferences from valued or trusted others.Who has the least long-lasting influence?​

A) ​Teachers
B) ​Peers
C) ​Older siblings
D) ​Parents
E) ​Daycare providers

Question 14

Urbanization of a population is associated with maintenance of traditional food habits.

Question 15

The fastest and largest growing ethnic groups in America in 2007 were from Asia, but more recently Latin Americans became the fastest growing race or ethnic group.

Question 16

What is the fastest-growing ethnic group in the United States.?

A) ​Latinos
B) ​Chinese
C) ​Asians
D) ​Africans
E) ​Arabs

Question 17

Flavor principles are the preparation and seasoning of foods to match the identifying spices and ingredients of a culture.

Question 18

The process of handing down the manners and understandings in common to a culture from one generation to the next is known as

A) ​bicultural.
B) assimilation.
C) enculturation.
D) acculturation.
E) intra-ethnic variation.

Question 19

The term "food ____" (also called food culture or foodways)refers to the multiplicity of ways in which humans use food.

A) ​habits
B) ​manners
C) ​standards
D) ​mores
E) ​norms

Question 20

Cultural membership or social identity is defined by

A) ​accommodation.
B) race.
C) ethnicity.
D) acculturation.
E) religion.

Question 21

Two main protein foods eaten by Greeks virtually daily include lamb and legumes.These are examples of​

A) ​indigenous foods.
B) secondary core foods.
C) core foods.
D) peripheral foods.
E) ​prestige foods.

Question 22

Complex rules that define how humans eat meals are called​

A) ​traditions.
B) ​customs.
C) ​manners.
D) ​foodways.
E) ​food habits.

Question 23

The most universal of food taboos is​

A) ​eating insects.
B) ​cannibalism.
C) ​eating dog meat.
D) ​eating eggs.
E) ​eating rodents.

Question 24

Bread is often used as a symbol in many cultures.A symbolic use of bread might be​

A) ​associating it with a religious value.
B) consuming bread at any time of day.
C) eating organic bread at a family dinner.
D) serving bread instead of cake at a party.
E) associating it with a diet plan.

Question 25

The term that describes eating more food than is customarily consumed daily for religious or other special events is:​

A) ​feasting.
B) fasting.
C) grazing.
D) gorging.
E) binging.

Question 26

According to the core and complementary foods model, foods that are eaten sporadically and are an indicator of individual food preference are​

A) ​peripheral foods.
B) core foods.
C) secondary foods.
D) ​complementary foods.
E) ​sympathetic magic foods.

Question 27

Foods that satisfy the basic need for food familiarity and are eaten during personal events or times of stress are called​

A) ​food associations.
B) superfoods.
C) ​soul food.
D) ​comfort foods.
E) ​food stereotypes.

Question 28

An example of culturally based food categorization is​

A) ​one pot meals.
B) peripheral foods.
C) sympathetic magic foods.
D) bicultural foods.
E) symbolic foods.

Question 29

As peoples become acculturated, which habits are likely to be the last to change?

A) ​Language
B) Traditional clothing​
C) Food habits​
D) Cultural values​
E) Traditional practices​

Question 30

Garam masala is a distinct flavor principle associated with which ethnicity?​

A) ​Brazilian
B) ​Chinese
C) ​French
D) ​Asian Indian
E) ​Puerto Rican

Question 31

The assumption that cultures progress from under-developed to developed through structural and food culture changes is termed the _____.

A) ​social dynamic of modernization
B) ​developmental perspective of food culture
C) ​consumer food choice model
D) ​globalization
E) ​urbanization

Question 32

One classification system used to categorize foods is "edible" versus "inedible." In this classification, a Hindu vegetarian would consider chicken​

A) ​inedible.
B) ​edible by animals, but not by me.
C) ​edible by humans, but not by me.
D) ​edible by humans, but not by my kind.
E) ​edible by me.

Question 33

How many ethnicities were identified by the Canadian census in 2006?​

A) ​200
B) 100​
C) 50​
D) 21​
E) 10​

Question 34

An example of a food that was renamed in order to assert a new cultural identity is​

A) ​freedom fries.
B) barbarian yams.
C) turkey wheat.
D) kimchis.
E) dim sum.

Question 35

An important consideration in defining a meal is​

A) ​number of guests.
B) ​length of meal.
C) ​time of day.
D) ​portion size.
E) ​amount of calories.

Question 36

According to the consumer food choice model, what factor influences food selection?​

A) ​Portion size
B) Well-being​
C) Terroir​
D) Sell by date​
E) Country of origin​

Question 37

Eating walnuts to improve brain function is an example of a(n)________ of food association?​

A) ​extrapolation
B) incorporation​
C) assumption​
D) evaluation​
E) stereotype​

Question 38

Which term refers to the conditions, such as soil texture, minerals, drainage, source of water, and temperature, in which grapes are grown?​

A) ​agriculture.
B) ​terroir.
C) ​region.
D) ​cultural identity.
E) ​palatability.

Question 39

Changes in food behavior happen most often with​

A) ​core foods.
B) secondary foods.
C) peripheral foods.
D) complementary foods.
E) rare foods.

Question 40

Among the elements that differ regarding a meal are​

A) ​order of meal courses.
B) number of green items.
C) whether it is protein-rich.
D) whether it is kid-friendly.
E) what type of fats are used.

Question 41

The vicarious enjoyment of eating through reading about it or watching food-related programs on television is known as​

A) ​mass marketing.
B) overindulging.
C) gorging.
D) ​food porn.
E) ​exploitation.

Question 42

Studies on type 2 diabetes suggest that which ethnicity has the lowest rates (although they are still increasing)?​

A) ​Hispanics
B) African Americans​
C) Native American​
D) ​Whites
E) ​Asian Americans

Question 43

If I believe that all cultures other than my own eat "weird" food, my views are​

A) ​ritualistic.
B) ethnocentric.
C) sociocentric.
D) culturally relevant.
E) culturally materialistic.

Question 44

The transition of a society from producers of indigenous foods to consumers of mass-produced foods is called​

A) ​consumerization.
B) modernization.
C) urbanization.
D) globalization.
E) commoditization.

Question 45

Disparities in _________ rates, chronic disease incidence, and access to care are prevalent among many U.S.ethnic groups.

A) ​mortality
B) morality​
C) migration​
D) assimilation​
E) diversity​

Question 46

The primary factor in consumer food choice is:​

A) ​convenience.
B) taste.
C) self-identity.
D) health benefit.
E) cost.

Question 47

Matching
a.Globalization
b.Modernization
c.Urbanization
d.Migration
e.Enculturation
Technological advances that lead to the production of food commodities

Question 48

A minority group moving into a larger, dominant culture and assuming the manners and values of the majority is called​

A) ​bicultural.
B) assimilation.
C) enculturation.
D) acculturation.
E) intra-ethnic variation.

Question 49

Which of the following types of ethnic restaurants have grown the most in popularity in recent years?​

A) ​German
B) Chinese​
C) soul food​
D) Thai​
E) French​

Question 50

Matching
a.Globalization
b.Modernization
c.Urbanization
d.Migration
e.Enculturation
The process of learning culturally specific preferences passed from generation to generation

Question 51

What term describes an area where no single ethnic group is the majority?​

A) ​Biculturation
B) Mixed salad​
C) Cultural plurality​
D) Intercultural​
E) Cultural competency​

Question 52

Matching
a.Globalization
b.Modernization
c.Urbanization
d.Migration
e.Enculturation
The movement of populations from one country, region, or location to another

Question 53

When considering diet in the context of other cultures, food habits can be classified according to nutritional impact.Which category of food habits is the first factor that should be considered?​

A) ​Neutral food behaviors
B) Food behaviors that have harmful effects​
C) Food use that has positive health consequences and should be encouraged​
D) Food habits that are unclassified​
E) Compatibility with the client's traditional health beliefs and practices​

Question 54

Matching
a.Globalization
b.Modernization
c.Urbanization
d.Migration
e.Enculturation
Products produced in distant parts of the world are eaten in another country

Question 55

A term used to describe overestimation of the association between group membership and individual behavior, often seen as a pitfall in health care relationships, is:​

A) ​stereotyping.
B) ethnocentrism.
C) prejudice.
D) biculturation.
E) intraethnic variation​

Question 56

Matching
a.Globalization
b.Modernization
c.Urbanization
d.Migration
e.Enculturation
Delocalization of food production and consumption connections

Question 57

Food choices in all societies are driven by an inborn preference for what food flavors?​

A) ​Sugar and fat
B) Salt and protein​
C) Bitter and sweet​
D) Savory and sour​
E) Salt and fat​

Question 58

Which term describes the idea that although foods from throughout the world are available and often affordable, there is a need for consistency and conservatism?​

A) ​omnivore's paradox
B) American paradox​
C) multiculturalism​
D) culinary compass​
E) culinary conservatism​

Question 59

A one-pot dish in America would be considered a meal if it contained​

A) ​rice.
B) cassava paste.
C) meat, vegetables, and starch.
D) meat, vegetables and cheese.
E) tuna and noodles.

Question 60

The integration of local, regional, and national phenomena into an unrestricted worldwide organization is​

A) ​globalization.
B) modernization.
C) commoditization.
D) urbanization.
E) consumerization.

Question 61

In the consumer choice model of food selection, many influences are discussed.Briefly discuss some of the primary factors that influence food choices for a single mother of young children who lives in the "inner city" of a large urban area and who does not own her own car.

Question 62

"Commensalism" regarding sharing food and dining together implies that something is owed to another.What is owed in commensalism?

Question 63

Why is acculturation described as a process? When is the process complete?

Question 64

Briefly define and give an example for each of the five categories of "edible" or "inedible" used as a method of "food" classification.

Question 65

Give a specific example that reflects a health disparity associated with an ethnicity in the United States today.