Deck 4: Ethics and Social Responsibility

Question 1

Phillipe was angry at his supervisor as his supervisor had refused to grant him a raise. As a consequence to the act, Phillipe started working at a slower pace and taking unofficial breaks during work. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.

A) production deviance
B) property deviance
C) political deviance
D) personal aggression

Answer 1

A

Question 2

SprintFuel, an energy drink manufacturing company, spiked all its energy drinks with banned substances and did not include their details in the ingredient list. The athletes who consumed SprintFuel were tested positive for these banned substances and were suspended. This scenario illustrates that SprintFuel failed to fulfill its _____.

A) economic responsibility
B) political responsibility
C) legal responsibility
D) discretionary responsibility

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Matthew refused to illegally download a new video game even though all his other friends were downloading and playing it. He told his friends that they should not download games illegally as their parents would get mad at them if they find out. In the context of Kohlberg's stages of moral development, Matthew is at the _____ of moral development in this scenario.

A) punishment and obedience stage
B) law and order stage
C) instrumental exchange stage
D) "good boy, nice girl" stage

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The U.S. Sentencing Commission Guidelines for Organizations cover offenses related to invasion of privacy.

Question 5

When ten customers of Niall's Eatery fell seriously ill after dining at the restaurant, the issue was noticed by the public. The public demanded that the restaurant's kitchen be thoroughly inspected and the patients be compensated. However, the management at Niall's Eatery denied all claims that the customers had fallen ill by consuming the food served by the restaurant. Furthermore, the management was against any inspection on the kitchen. Which of the following social responsiveness strategies is the restaurant using?

A) A reactive strategy
B) A proactive strategy
C) A defensive strategy
D) An accommodative strategy

Question 6

The principle of distributive justice is designed to protect the poor, the uneducated, and the unemployed.

Question 7

__________is a company's social responsibility to not violate accepted principles of right and wrong when conducting its business.

A) Legal responsibility
B) Ethical responsibility
C) Economic responsibility
D) Discretionary responsibility

Question 8

Nonprofits, partnerships, and labor unions are not covered by the US Sentencing Commission Guidelines for Organizations.

Question 9

Carrying out discretionary responsibilities is mandatory for every organization.

Question 10

According to psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg, people at the preconventional level of moral development use internalized ethical principles to solve ethical dilemmas.

Question 11

During a test, Zoe's teacher tells him and his classmates that if she catches them cheating, she would give them poor grades. Hence, Zoe refuses to cheat during the test though his classmates cheat when the teacher steps outside the room. In the context of Kohlberg's stages of moral development, Zoe is at the _____ of moral development in this scenario.

A) punishment and obedience stage
B) law and order stage
C) instrumental exchange stage
D) "good boy, nice girl" stage

Question 12

Organizational culture is key to fostering ethical decision making.

Question 13

Ethics training becomes more credible when top managers teach the initial ethics classes to their subordinates who in turn teach their subordinates.

Question 14

Mencro Inc., a multinational clothing company, occasionally donates clothes to orphanages across the countries it operates in. This scenario illustrates that the company is fulfilling its _____.

A) discretionary responsibility
B) legal responsibility
C) ethical responsibility
D) economic responsibility

Question 15

A company must avoid communicating its code of ethics to others outside the company.

Question 16

In the context of ethical decision making, the principle of government requirements states that one should never take an action that does not result in greater good for society.

Question 17

_____ is the degree of concern people have about an ethical issue.

A) Ethical intensity
B) Ethical congruence
C) Ethical pluralism
D) Ethical objectivism

Question 18

There is no trade-off between social responsibility and economic performance.

Question 19

The greater the corporate responsibility in conducting, encouraging, or sanctioning illegal or unethical activity, the lower the culpability score.

Question 20

DreamRim Tires manufactured a batch of faulty tires. It apologized to all the customers who purchased the tires and gave them free replacements and a discount coupon for their next purchase. This is an example of a(n) _____.

A) proactive strategy
B) defensive strategy
C) reactive strategy
D) accommodative strategy

Question 21

A(n) _____ is a social responsiveness strategy in which a company accepts responsibility for a problem and does all that society expects to solve that problem.

A) reactive strategy
B) defensive strategy
C) accommodative strategy
D) discretionary strategy

Question 22

Which of the following is an objective of ethics training programs for employees?

A) To achieve credibility with employees
B) To enforce flexible ethical standards
C) To discourage employees from reporting violations
D) To delegate the decision-making authority to all employees

Question 23

The__________holds that an individual should never do anything that is not honest, open, and truthful and that he or she would not be glad to see reported in the newspapers or on television.

A) principle of government requirements
B) principle of distributive justice
C) principle of personal virtue
D) principle of utilitarian benefits

Question 24

Benjamin steals lunch from his coworkers and shouts and throws tantrums when confronted about this. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.

A) production deviance
B) property deviance
C) political deviance
D) personal aggression

Question 25

Rose found strong evidence that her supervisor, Roger, was stealing confidential documents from the company. She immediately reported Roger's actions to the top management. Rose's action is an example of:

A) brainstorming.
B) whistle-blowing.
C) personal aggression.
D) property deviance.

Question 26

The quality of RedBread's food came under scrutiny when many of its customers fell ill because of food poisoning. Customers wanted the company's manufacturing and storage facilities to be inspected and graded by quality inspectors. However, the management denied all the allegations and even refused to allow the inspection of its facilities. Which of the following social responsiveness strategies was RedBread using?

A) A reactive strategy
B) A proactive strategy
C) A defensive strategy
D) An accommodative strategy

Question 27

Rizenton-Pharm, a pharmaceutical company, produces a significant amount of chemical waste every day. The company disposes the waste in a nearby lake despite strict government regulations regarding waste disposal. This scenario illustrates that Rizenton-Pharm has failed to fulfill its _____.

A) economic responsibility
B) political responsibility
C) legal responsibility
D) discretionary responsibility

Question 28

Which of the following is an argument put forth by economist Milton Friedman?

A) A law represents the minimal moral standards of society, so an individual should never take any action that violates the law.
B) It is unethical for companies to take any action that is not in an organization's long-term self-interest.
C) It is socially irresponsible for companies to divert time, money, and attention from maximizing profits to social causes and charitable organizations.
D) An individual's ethical decision is based on his or her level of moral development.

Question 29

Joanna wanted a raise, but her manager was not ready to give her one. As a consequence to the manager's act, she decided to run a magnet through all the office computers and damaged them. In the context of workplace deviance, Joanna's actions are an example of _____.

A) production deviance
B) property deviance
C) political deviance
D) personal aggression

Question 30

When a scientific study on the harmful effects of a particular food preservative was published, Ultimo Foods, a popular potato chips producer, stopped using preservatives in its potato chips. This change significantly reduced the shelf life of the chips even though there were no customer complaints about Ultimo Foods' products. This is an example of a(n) _____.

A) proactive strategy
B) defensive strategy
C) reactive strategy
D) accommodative strategy

Question 31

Benjamin saw one of his colleagues stealing office supplies while all the other employees had gone for lunch. He immediately reported the incident to his supervisor. Benjamin's action is an example of:

A) brainstorming.
B) whistle-blowing.
C) personal aggression.
D) property deviance.

Question 32

Philippa saw one of her coworkers making copies of important company documents and putting them in her bag. She immediately reported the incident to her manager. Philippa's action is an example of:

A) brainstorming.
B) whistle-blowing.
C) personal aggression.
D) property deviance.

Question 33

The U.S. Sentencing Commission Guidelines for Organizations impose smaller fines on companies that:

A) have no history of violation of ethical principles.
B) are unaware of the unethical behavior of employees.
C) are not concerned with the ethical behavior of employees.
D) voluntarily disclose illegal activities to federal authorities.

Question 34

Lewis's female coworkers have reported him for sexually teasing them on numerous occasions. He is also known to come to work under the influence of alcohol and physically assault many of his coworkers. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.

A) production deviance
B) property deviance
C) political deviance
D) personal aggression

Question 35

When addressing an issue of high _____, managers are more aware of the impact their decision will have on others.

A) ethical congruence
B) ethical intensity
C) ethical pluralism
D) ethical subjectivism

Question 36

Emerald Inc. is a manufacturer of cosmetics that focuses on delivering high-quality products to its customers. As Emerald is aware of the side effects of parabens on skin and hair, it uses organic preservatives in its cosmetic products. All the cosmetic products that it manufactures are free of parabens. In this way, the company ensures that the usage of its products does not cause allergy to any of its customers. Which of the following social responsiveness strategies is Emerald using in this scenario?

A) A proactive strategy
B) A reactive strategy
C) A defensive strategy
D) An accommodative strategy

Question 37

__________are persons or groups with a legitimate interest in a company.

A) Lobbyists
B) Trade unions
C) Stakeholders
D) Advocacy groups

Question 38

Primo Remo Cars recalled one of its car models after it learned about a defect in its engine. By doing so, it met all the expectations of its customers. This is an example of a(n) _____.

A) proactive strategy
B) defensive strategy
C) reactive strategy
D) accommodative strategy

Question 39

Which of the following factors should be taken into account when determining the ethical intensity of an action?

A) Conflict of interest
B) Peer acceptance
C) Intent of a manager
D) Temporal immediacy

Question 40

When Rubberstamp Productions, previously a small-time production house, grew in size, the first thing its chief executive officer (CEO) did was to establish a set of guidelines that detailed all the principles, standards, and procedures to be followed in the company's line of business. The CEO set specific standards on topics ranging from treatment of coworkers to protecting the environment to maintenance of financial records. This scenario illustrates that the CEO developed a _____.

A) database of employee records
B) code of ethics
C) performance appraisal document
D) cognitive map

Question 41

Jason, a police officer, strongly believes in justice and does not accept bribes from others. According to Kohlberg's stages of moral development, Jason is operating at the _____.

A) preconventional level of moral development
B) postconventional level of moral development
C) conventional level of moral development
D) unconventional level of moral development

Question 42

__________is a business's obligation to pursue policies, make decisions, and take actions that benefit society.

A) Social loafing
B) Social responsibility
C) Social networking
D) Social engineering

Question 43

Matt refused to illegally download his favorite artist's new album even though his preordered copy was arriving late. He believes that he cannot support the artist and the music industry if he illegally downloads music. In the context of Kohlberg's stages of moral development, Matthew is at the _____ of moral development in this scenario.

A) social contract stage
B) law and order stage
C) instrumental exchange stage
D) "good boy, nice girl" stage

Question 44

Which of the following stakeholder groups does not engage in regular transactions with a company?

A) Customers
B) Governments
C) Local communities
D) Special interest groups

Question 45

SkinDerma, a popular skincare company, apologized to all its customers when a large number of its products were tested positive for banned substances. It failed to take any further action as against the expectations of its customers. This is an example of a(n) _____.

A) proactive strategy
B) defensive strategy
C) comprehensive strategy
D) accommodative strategy

Question 46

When businesses enhance their reputations by being socially responsible, they hope to maximize__________.

A) utilitarian benefits
B) the opportunity cost of a choice
C) customers' willingness to pay
D) distributive justice

Question 47

Jenny is always the last one to enter the workplace and the first one to leave. She has an eight-hour shift at work but only does six hours of work every day. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.

A) production deviance
B) property deviance
C) political deviance
D) personal aggression

Question 48

Jamie is interviewing a candidate for a position in his company. He is not sure if the candidate is going to be an ethical employee, so he asks him, "What would you do if you see someone stealing things from the company?" Which of the following types of tests is Jamie using to screen the candidate?

A) An overt integrity test
B) A covert integrity test
C) An aptitude-based integrity test
D) A personality-based integrity test

Question 49

Nathan is a software engineer working for an information technology company. He has been selling the company's information and software designs to its competitors. In the context of workplace deviance, Nathan's actions are an example of _____.

A) production deviance
B) property deviance
C) political deviance
D) personal aggression

Question 50

Which of the following statements best explains the carrot-and-stick approach of the U.S. Sentencing Commission Guidelines for Organizations?

A) Nonprofit organizations are exempted from fines.
B) Unincorporated organizations and associations are exempted from penalties.
C) Organizations accused of unethical behavior are excused if the management was unaware of such behavior.
D) Smaller fines are imposed on companies that take proactive steps to encourage ethical behavior.

Question 51

According to psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg, people at the _____ of moral development make decisions that are based on selfish reasons.

A) conventional level
B) unconventional level
C) preconventional level
D) postconventional level

Question 52

Stanley, a lawyer, strongly believes that it is his duty to win a case even if his client is guilty of a crime. In the context of Kohlberg's stages of moral development, Stanley is at the _____ of moral development.

A) preconventional level
B) postconventional level
C) conventional level
D) unconventional level

Question 53

Katherine blames Shane for all her shortcomings at work even though he is the hardest working member in the team. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.

A) production deviance
B) property deviance
C) political deviance
D) personal aggression

Question 54

Junus Electronics frequently conducts donation drives for victims of natural disasters across the world. Junus Electronics is fulfilling its _____ responsibilities.

A) cultural
B) economic
C) legal
D) discretionary

Question 55

George takes two days to complete a task that can be completed in a day. He believes that taking more time to finish his work will impress his supervisors. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.

A) production deviance
B) property deviance
C) political deviance
D) personal aggression

Question 56

__________is one of the factors needed to be taken into account when determining the ethical intensity of an action. It is the social, psychological, cultural, or physical distance of a decision maker from those affected by his or her decisions.

A) Ethical variance
B) Probability of effect
C) Proximity of effect
D) Ethical congruence

Question 57

Teeny Toys Inc., a chain of toy stores, has decided to donate free toys to orphanages across the United States. This scenario illustrates that the company is aiming at fulfilling its _____.

A) discretionary responsibility
B) legal responsibility
C) ethical responsibility
D) economic responsibility

Question 58

The act of reporting others' ethics violations to management or legal authorities is known as__________.

A) whistle-blowing
B) agenda-setting
C) brainstorming
D) bootstrapping

Question 59

Jenna occasionally steals office supplies from her workplace when her workplace is empty. She was diagnosed with kleptomaniac and was fired from her last job when she was caught stealing. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.

A) production deviance
B) property deviance
C) political deviance
D) personal aggression

Question 60

A(n) _____ is a written test that estimates job applicants' honesty by directly asking them what they think or feel about theft or about punishment of unethical behaviors.

A) situation-based integrity test
B) personality-based integrity test
C) covert integrity test
D) overt integrity test

Question 61

When the new phone launched by ImogenCell received several negative reviews from its customers about the excessive heating of its phones' batteries, ImogenCell apologized for the inconvenience and offered new phone batteries to solve the heating issue. However, these batteries had to be bought by the customers at an exorbitant price. This is an example of a(n) _____.

A) proactive strategy
B) comprehensive strategy
C) reactive strategy
D) accommodative strategy

Question 62

Maria is known to bully her coworkers by verbally abusing and screaming at them when they don't do as she says. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.

A) production deviance
B) property deviance
C) political deviance
D) personal aggression

Question 63

Horizon Inc., a local electronics manufacturing company, produces a significant amount of electronic waste every day. The company disposes the waste in the ocean despite strict government regulations regarding waste disposal. This scenario illustrates that Horizon has failed to fulfill its _____.

A) economic responsibility
B) political responsibility
C) legal responsibility
D) discretionary responsibility

Question 64

Andy works at a shoe manufacturing plant. He has a nine-hour daily shift in the factory. However, he only works for six hours and tells his supervisor that he has worked for nine hours. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.

A) production deviance
B) property deviance
C) political deviance
D) personal aggression

Question 65

A(n) _____ is a social responsiveness strategy in which a company does less than society expects.

A) discretionary strategy
B) reactive strategy
C) proactive strategy
D) accommodative strategy

Question 66

Which of the following statements is true of the relationship between social responsibility and economic performance?

A) The costs of being socially responsible can be offset by a better product or corporate reputation.
B) Socially responsible companies are guaranteed profitability.
C) Socially responsible companies and traditional businesses do not experience the same ups and downs in economic performance.
D) There is a big trade-off between social responsibility and economic performance.

Question 67

Princret Inc., a multinational clothing company, provides scholarships to school children who cannot afford higher education. This scenario illustrates that the company is fulfilling its _____.

A) discretionary responsibility
B) legal responsibility
C) ethical responsibility
D) economic responsibility

Question 68

Johnson has a quick temper and is known to shout at his coworkers when they try to talk to him. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.

A) production deviance
B) property deviance
C) political deviance
D) personal aggression

Question 69

Dreaming Wares is a manufacturer of kitchen utensils. As Dreaming Wares is aware of the toxicity associated with polyvinyl chloride present in plastic, it refrains from using polyvinyl in its products. This significantly raises the costs for Dreaming Wares. Which of the following social responsiveness strategies is Dreaming Wares using in this scenario?

A) A proactive strategy
B) A reactive strategy
C) A defensive strategy
D) An accommodative strategy

Question 70

According to the _____, the only social responsibility that businesses have is to maximize profits.

A) economic model
B) stakeholder model
C) shareholder model
D) accounting model

Question 71

The workers of ToxoPro Labs, a chemical manufacturing company, are exposed to toxic and hazardous working conditions. Last year, one of its workers died on the job. Nevertheless, the company took a long time to acknowledge any responsibility for the accidents occurring on the job and chose to only compensate the families of the affected workers when they sued the company. Which of the following social responsiveness strategies is the company using?

A) A reactive strategy
B) A defensive strategy
C) A proactive strategy
D) An accommodative strategy

Question 72

Secondary stakeholders are important to a company because:

A) they are critical to the company's long-term survival.
B) they can affect public perceptions about socially responsible behavior.
C) they are involved in day-to-day transactions with the company.
D) they have the direct power to control management decisions.

Question 73

The last step in a basic model of ethical decision making is to _____.

A) diagnose the situation
B) analyze alternatives
C) act on the situation
D) monitor the results

Question 74

Fred always takes two hours to complete a job that can be completed in one hour. He believes that taking more time to finish his work will impress his supervisors. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.

A) production deviance
B) property deviance
C) political deviance
D) personal aggression

Question 75

Under the _____, an individual should never take any action that harms the least fortunate people in some way.

A) principle of government requirements
B) principle of personal virtue
C) principle of utilitarian benefits
D) principle of distributive justice

Question 76

O'Neill holds a grudge against Carl, one of his coworkers. As a consequence, O'Neill spreads rumors about Carl at work. Everyone at the workplace avoids Carl believing the rumors to be true. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.

A) production deviance
B) property deviance
C) political deviance
D) personal aggression

Question 77

Zultin, an electronics company, manufactured and sold new laptops that increased its profits by 20% and made it the market leader in the electronics industry. This scenario illustrates that the company is fulfilling its _____.

A) discretionary responsibility
B) legal responsibility
C) ethical responsibility
D) economic responsibility

Question 78

For a code of ethics to encourage ethical decision making and behavior in a company, _____.

A) it must be communicated only inside the company
B) it should revolve around legal factors and not organizational goals and mission
C) the management must ensure that the code does not include customers' and shareholders' interests
D) the management must develop practical ethical standards and procedures specific to the company's line of business

Question 79

According to psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg, people at the _____ of moral development make decisions that conform to societal expectations.

A) conventional level
B) unconventional level
C) preconventional level
D) postconventional level

Question 80

Jenny is a manager at a marketing firm. She refuses to promote the hardest working salesperson in the company because she does not like that employee. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____.

A) production deviance
B) property deviance
C) political deviance
D) personal aggression