Deck 7: Globalization,neoliberalism,and the Nation-State

Question 1

What is the average distance travelled by a head of lettuce to get to your grocery store?

A)200 kilometres
B)900 kilometres
C)1900 kilometres
D)4000 kilometres

Answer 1

1900 kilometres

Question 2

What is NOT a function of a nation-state?

A)to maintain order
B)to maintain armies
C)to collect taxes
D)to regulate international trade

Answer 2

to regulate international trade

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a tariff imposed by the World Trade Organization?

A)demanding that Australian beef producers pay higher income taxes
B)banning the export of asbestos from Canadian mines to other trading nations
C)imposing international trade rules to require all countries to allow the importation of textiles
D)allowing the United States to charge an importation fee on French cheese

Answer 3

allowing the United States to charge an importation fee on French cheese

Question 4

While a Twinkie snack costs around $1.00,without the intervention of the state the real costs of a Twinkie would probably be $10 or higher in Canada or the United States.Which of these is LEAST LIKELY to be an externalized cost of producing a Twinkie?

A)the paying of agricultural workers less than the minimum wage
B)the building of roads by the government for the sugar cane industry
C)the cost of the packaging the Twinkie
D)the reduction of taxes to ensure the maintenance of corporate profits

Question 5

When nation-states began to regulate and promote trade,how did they protect their own merchants and manufacturers?

A)by encouraging monopolies
B)by ceasing to trade in all but one or two commodities
C)by establishing free-trade agreements with other nation-states
D)by imposing protective tariffs on goods coming from other nation-states

Question 6

What is an example of something that the nation-state directly manipulates the cost of?

A)labour
B)commodity production
C)natural resources
D)vegetables

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT an argument of the neoliberal perspective?

A)There should be a strong framework of property rights.
B)Free trade is desirable.
C)The state should allow privatization or open market involvement in the areas of education,water,and health care.
D)The state should be involved in regulating the market by enacting laws on pollution,land use,and working conditions.

Question 8

Which response is most accurate about the reception given to the policy of multiculturalism in Canada?

A)Multiculturalism is accepted by all minority groups.
B)Multiculturalism is criticized by some as an attempt to sidestep problems of poverty and racism.
C)Multiculturalism is criticized as irrelevant to First Nation communities.
D)Multiculturalism is perceived as a political issue.

Question 9

When Statistics Canada classifies Canadians by "race," what categories does it use?

A)Visible minorities,Aboriginal peoples,Caucasians
B)Negroids,Caucasoids,Asiatics
C)Coloured peoples,Aboriginal peoples,Whites
D)French,English,Multiculturals

Question 10

What does "WTO" stand for?

A)World Tribal Organization
B)World Trade Organization
C)Western Trans-indigenous Organization
D)Wrestling Traditions Organization

Question 11

What is the major goal of modern national education systems?

A)to make dumb kids smart
B)to promote the dominant religious beliefs of society
C)to train and socialize children to be good citizens
D)to develop the business and entrepreneurial skills of students

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT an example of an Other created by a nation-state in order to create a national identity?

A)the French as Others for the British
B)the Americans as Others for Canadians
C)garbage collectors in Germany as Others for Germans
D)migrants who enter a country legally or illegally to work

Question 13

According to Adam Smith,what does the market represent?

A)a destructive influence on the lives of ordinary people
B)a benevolent force that,if allowed to operate unregulated,would soon destroy the very foundations of society
C)a benevolent force through which human happiness is maximized
D)a "great transformation" of productive processes

Question 14

Which is of these is NOT an effect of economic globalization in the Canadian garment industry?

A)sweatshop conditions,including job losses and the depression of wages
B)an increasing presence of illegal migrants and undocumented workers
C)unpredictability of wages
D)protective tariffs against foreign garment imports

Question 15

Nation-states perform many of the same functions as earlier states,but what do they put more emphasis on?

A)the application of force
B)the maintenance of a military
C)the control of trade
D)the building of cities

Question 16

Which of the following was a key reason that the Meech Lake Accord was defeated?

A)It promoted multiculturalism.
B)It excluded First Nations languages and peoples.
C)It made hockey the official sport of Canada.
D)The U.S.government opposed it.

Question 17

Nation-states have been deeply involved in integrating national economies and establishing trading relations.Which of the following appear to have taken up this role of continuing economic integration on a global level most extensively?

A)oil and natural gas companies
B)trans-global nation-states
C)transnational corporations
D)the United Nations

Question 18

Why must European countries accept shipments of hormone-treated beef from the United States and Canada?

A)because they exported tainted products to the United States and Canada
B)because otherwise the United States and Canada will be permitted to impose restrictive tariffs on selected European goods
C)because the beef poses no health risks
D)because the beef is safer and provides more nutrition

Question 19

What is the main purpose of the World Trade Organization?

A)to ensure the free flow of goods and services across national boundaries
B)to protect and defend its members
C)to regulate currency transactions and large shipments of goods between countries
D)to approve projects related to economic development

Question 20

Which of these is best identified as a market externality?

A)the price of cotton paid by a T-shirt company
B)health costs paid by a government because of industrial pollution
C)a debt repayment to an American bank by a municipal government in Canada
D)export fees paid by a company to sell its products in a foreign country

Question 21

Although globalization is not a new phenomenon,a key characteristic of globalization today is that capital can move production across national borders with relative ease.

Question 22

The WTO was established in 1995 with the goal of reducing trade among member nations.

Question 23

What Canadian exercise of assimilation and nation-building involved the relocation of children for over a century to special institutions where they became wards of the state and were frequently physically punished and beaten for not speaking English?

A)church-run residential schools for Native children
B)the Abandoned Child Program of Western Canada
C)a national network of schools and shelters for orphaned immigrants
D)the National Youth Reform-School Act

Question 24

Which document declared that Aboriginal lands could be surrendered only through a legal treaty signed by the British Crown and First Nations peoples?

A)Confederation Act of 1867
B)Robinson Superior Treaty of 1850
C)Charter of Rights and Freedoms
D)Royal Proclamation of 1763

Question 25

Gasoline could be $4.00 a litre if the Canadian government did not provide subsidies to the oil industry,and if the full cost of environmental damage from gasoline production and vehicle use was included in the price.

Question 26

What does Eva Mackey mean by the suggestion that some of the Canadian population is "unmarked"?

A)The "unmarked" set the standards from which ethnic groups differ.
B)The "unmarked" are unrecognized for their military service and sacrifice.
C)The "unmarked" are the ones who hold on to a First Nations identity.
D)The "unmarked" are the ones who refuse to answer census forms and go uncounted.

Question 27

Nuxalk First Nation artists are selling an increasing amount of their art to tourists and on international markets.What statement best characterizes the perspective of most Nuxalk,according to Canadian anthropologist Jennifer Kramer?

A)They felt that commodification was devaluing local meaning.
B)They were very proud that their art was being displayed in museums and sought after by tourists.
C)They had feelings of both theft and of pride.
D)They felt that the global flow of their art had resulted in a loss of cultural heritage.

Question 28

Which of the following is a NOT a correct statement about the relationship between First Nations people and the French and the British in what was to become Canada,prior to 1800?

A)Initially,the French and British were dependent on Aboriginal peoples for their economic development.
B)First nations people fought in battles over the European control of Canada.
C)In signing treaties,aboriginal leaders expected they would be renewed periodically through gift-giving,and would not be permanent.
D)By 1863,treaties had been established between the British authorities and all First Nations.

Question 29

What was the result when the Bolivian government sold the water system of Cochabamba to the multinational corporation Bechtel Enterprises?

A)It led to an immediate doubling of water prices.
B)It prompted public protests led by indigenous groups and workers' groups.
C)The sale was eventually cancelled.
D)It led to the collapse of the government after deaths were attributed to impure water.

Question 30

Neoliberalism believes in the careful regulation of capitalist economies by the state to protect ordinary people from the predatory actions of the marketplace.

Question 31

The mass public protests in Quebec City in 2001 were about the influence of the unelected World Trade Organization to pressure countries to dismantle environmental,health,labour,and social laws that are deemed to be "unfair restrictions on trade."

Question 32

Since the 1970s,wealthier countries have actually taken more than $4.6 trillion from poorer countries in the form of debt interest.

Question 33

During the 1960s,a period of high economic growth and low unemployment,taxes on high incomes in the United States and Canada were greater than 75 per cent.

Question 34

What did the Supreme Court of Canada decide concerning the right of First Nations people to hunt and fish on unoccupied Crown (government)lands?

A)It denied their right to hunt and fish except during the appropriate regulated seasons.
B)It denied their right to hunt and fish on Crown lands.
C)It agreed that First Nations people had the right to hunt and fish on unoccupied Crown lands at any time.
D)It agreed that First Nations people had the right to hunt and fish on unoccupied Crown lands with special federal permits

Question 35

What was the biggest victory of the Cree in their struggles with the Quebec government over their land?

A)obtaining a letter from the Quebec government stating that they will never again develop hydro-electric dams on Cree land
B)persuading a significant buyer of Quebec hydro-electric power to cancel their contract with the province
C)obtaining a treaty with the Quebec government that cedes nearly 2,000 square kilometres of land and provides for $190 million in payments over several years
D)obtaining a legal injunction halting construction of a dam in 1972

Question 36

It is only in capitalist countries that we regularly find markets free of significant state involvement.

Question 37

The World Trade Organization (WTO)works through non-governmental organizations to ensure that nations comply with universal health,environmental,and labour standards.

Question 38

What kind of response does Eva Mackey suggest that First Nations people might have on hearing the common Canadian narrative of how Canada has treated its Native population better than the United States did?

A)take pride in being members of a gentler and kinder society
B)celebrate the fact that First Nations communities are healthy and thriving due to Canadian benevolence
C)read into the narrative that it signals that "Native" is not to be interpreted as a full or real Canadian
D)interpret it as a false statement because the United States has treated its native population far better than Canada did

Question 39

What is NOT one of the ironies of ni-Vanuatu national identity in the context of tourism and increasing globalization?

A)While ni-Vanuatu women admire tourist fashions and want to wear them,what interests tourists is ni-Vanuatu women wearing the authentic island dress.
B)It is Westerners that originally came to Vanuatu who insisted on the ni-Vanuatu covering up for reason of religious morality,and now they come to Vanuatu dressed in bikinis and shorts.
C)The Hawaiian-style muumuu is considered both the "national dress," and the most culturally valid and modest clothing appropriate for women.
D)Elders,pastors,and chiefs strongly encourage tourism for economic reasons,but at the same time chastise ni-Vanuatu young women for wanting to emulate the tourists.

Question 40

Saudi Arabia is one of the few countries in the world that is richer than the transnational corporation Wal-Mart.

Question 41

Except for head taxes on the Chinese until the 1920s,Canada has not discriminated against immigrants on the basis of race or ethnicity.

Question 42

The Nisga'a have been involved in a longstanding dispute with the Quebec government over the use of their hunting lands for the generation of hydroelectric power.

Question 43

Two examples of racism in Canadian immigration policy have been the imposition of head taxes on Chinese immigrants,and the refusal to accept any Jewish refugees into Canada during the Second World War.

Question 44

If there is only limited scientific proof that a product is suspected to cause cancer,the World Trade organization can still pressure a country to import it by threatening trading penalties on that country's exports.

Question 45

Bringing together the diversity of citizens is one of the greatest challenges of a nation-state.