Deck 21: Introduction

Question 1

Both Clara Peeters's Still Life with Fruit and Flowers and Zhu Da's Quince demonstrate that artworks can __________.

A)have multiple meanings
B)include recognizable abstractions
C)be used in communal rituals
D)have more than one patron

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What is the significance of the quince in Zhu Da's Quince (Mugua)?

A)It symbolizes the transience of life.
B)It functions as the artist's signature.
C)It represents the power of the imperial family.
D)It references one of the artist's friends.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following is a threat to the Sphinx today?

A)pollution
B)unstable governments
C)arid environment
D)the Nile

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The study of subject matter and conventional symbols is called __________.

A)contextualism
B)iconography
C)connoisseurship
D)patronage

Question 5

Both the Chalice of Abbot Suger and Olowe of Ise's Offering Bowl exemplify how art can __________.

A)teach moral lessons
B)express political interests
C)represent notions of ideal beauty
D)be used in religious rituals

Question 6

In Clara Peeters's Still Life with Fruit and Flowers,the coins could reference the __________.

A)artist's involvement in trade
B)owner's wealth
C)artist's marriage
D)owner's political ideology

Question 7

Understanding iconography demonstrates how artworks can be __________.

A)identified according to artistic style
B)created for utilitarian purposes
C)bearers of cultural meaning
D)part of a Western aesthetic canon

Question 8

In seventeenth-century still-life paintings from the Netherlands,such as Adriaen van der Spelt's and Frans van Mieris' Flower Piece with Curtain,what do tulips symbolize?

A)weddings
B)destiny
C)wealth
D)permanence

Question 9

Which of the following terms best describes the painting Flower Piece with Curtain by Adriaen van der Spelt and Frans van Mieris?

A)abstraction
B)illusionistic
C)nonrepresentational
D)stylization

Question 10

Which of the following is a central goal of art history?

A)to determine the monetary value of works of art for museums
B)to establish definitive interpretations of artworks
C)to investigate the artist's reputation and state of mind
D)to explore the cultural factors behind the production and initial use of artworks

Question 11

Which of the following terms best describes David Smith's Cubi sculptures?

A)abstract
B)illusionistic
C)nonrepresentational
D)figural

Question 12

The central rite of the Christian faith that celebrates Jesus's Last Supper with his disciples is known as the __________.

A)canon
B)iconography
C)Eucharist
D)altar

Question 13

The artistic character of Imogen Cunningham's Two Callas depends on the __________.

A)compositional choices and lighting
B)exacting details achieved by the camera
C)aesthetic beauty of abstract artwork
D)lack of representational subject matter

Question 14

A painting that portrays inanimate objects taken out of their natural context is called a __________.

A)self-portrait
B)lithograph
C)still life
D)trompe l'oeil

Question 15

In Courtesan Wakaume From the Tamaya in Edomachi,how does Kitagawa Utamaro depict a different notion of ideal beauty than the Medici Venus?

A)Utamaro accentuates the figure's sexual attributes through the sensual posing of her body.
B)Utamaro emphasizes rich textiles and surface patterns over bodily form.
C)Utamaro uses the bronze medium to draw attention to the figure's spiritual beauty.
D)Utamaro references the figure's lost beauty by depicting her as emaciated and ugly.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of trompe l'oeil?

A)The Drawing Lesson
B)Two Callas
C)Diary (Minidoka Series #3)
D)Flower Piece with Curtain

Question 17

How is Georgia O'Keeffe's Jack-in-the-Pulpit,No.IV different from Adriaen van der Spelt's and Frans van Mieris' Flower Piece with Curtain?

A)It employs the trompe l'oeil technique to portray an illusionistic flower.
B)It references the Classical story of the competition between Zeuxis and Parrhasios.
C)It is nonrepresentational because it depicts pure geometric forms.
D)It captures the vigor of the flower's life force through abstraction rather than realism.

Question 18

Which of the following terms best describes the painting Jack-in-the-Pulpit,No.IV by Georgia O'Keeffe?

A)abstract
B)naturalistic
C)nonrepresentational
D)trompe l'oeil

Question 19

Roger Shimomura's Diary (Minidoka Series #3)expresses his dual cultural heritage by creating a personal style that references the tradition of __________.

A)Classicism
B)Japanese woodblock prints
C)Renaissance engravings
D)Italian wall paintings

Question 20

Portrayals of the human body change over time and across cultures according to cultural conventions about __________.

A)ideal beauty
B)stylization
C)patronage
D)realism

Question 21

Which of the following exemplifies the challenges art historians face when analyzing art and architecture that has been heavily restored?

A)Le Corbusier's Notre-Dame-Du-Haut
B)Laöcoon and his Sons
C)Punitavati (Karaikkal Ammaiyar)
D)Jan Steen's The Drawing Lesson

Question 22

Although archeologists and art historians are unsure of the meaning of Lion-Human Statuette,it is considered an artwork because it __________.

A)demonstrates the technique of modeling clay into representational figures
B)establishes that Paleolithic artists copied what they observed in nature
C)represents a spiritual figure communing with the celestial world
D)demonstrates complex thinking and creative imagination

Question 23

Most carved human figures from the Paleolithic period depict __________.

A)men
B)children
C)women
D)elders

Question 24

Which of the following distinguishes Lion-Human Statuette from other Paleolithic figurines?

A)its large size
B)its medium
C)its style
D)its technique

Question 25

During which period did artists begin to be designated as "masters"?

A)Baroque
B)Ancient Rome
C)Renaissance
D)Middle Ages

Question 26

Whistler's Harmony in Blue and Gold is an example of __________.

A)a private commission
B)government-sponsored art
C)a self-portrait
D)religious architecture

Question 27

What is the significance of Le Corbusier's Notre-Dame-du-Haut?

A)It symbolized the end of World War II and hope for the future.
B)It represented the beauty and transience of the natural world.
C)It employed Classical architectural conventions from ancient Greece.
D)It expressed the injustice of Japanese internment camps.

Question 28

The English words for "art" and "artist" come from the Latin word ars,which means __________.

A)skill
B)technique
C)image
D)beautiful

Question 29

Jan Steen's The Drawing Lesson provides for modern viewers a record of __________.

A)familial interaction
B)an artist's studio
C)sculptural techniques
D)early self-portraits

Question 30

Which of the following artworks best demonstrates the role of the viewer in determining the meaning of a work of art?

A)Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper
B)Clara Peeters's Still Life with Fruit and Flowers
C)Hendrick Goltzius's Dutch Visitors to Rome Looking at the Farnese Hercules
D)Kitagawa Utamaro's Courtesan Wakaume from the Tamaya in Edomachi

Question 31

Who wrote Lives of the Most Excellent Italian Architects,Painters,and Sculptors,the main publication from which many art historians trace the beginnings of the discipline?

A)Giorgio Vasari
B)Pliny the Elder
C)Johann Joachim Winckelmann
D)Parrhasios

Question 32

In the ancient world,painters and sculptors were classified as __________.

A)elite artisans
B)wealthy merchants
C)divinely inspired geniuses
D)laborers

Question 33

Which artist was known for capturing the unvarnished individuality of her sitters?

A)Artemisia Gentileschi
B)Georgia O'Keeffe
C)Alice Neel
D)Clara Peeters

Question 34

The study of art as a product of its broad cultural framework is called __________.

A)connoisseurship
B)iconography
C)formal analysis
D)contextualism

Question 35

Which of the following is an example of a work of art or architecture sponsored by a government?

A)the Akropolis
B)Whistler's Harmony in Blue and Gold
C)Zhu Da's Quince (Mugua)
D)Rembrandt's The Last Supper

Question 36

A person or group that commissions or finances an artwork is called the __________.

A)connoisseur
B)patron
C)artist
D)viewer

Question 37

A statue carved free of any background or block is called a __________.

A)sculpture in the round
B)capstone
C)linear design
D)dolmen

Question 38

Which of the following is incorporated into the composition of Spotted Horses and Human Hands?

A)the natural environment of the horses
B)the illusion of three-dimensional space
C)the depiction of abstract human bodies
D)the natural contour of the cave wall

Question 39

Which of the following artworks best demonstrates how artists often learn their craft by studying the works of other artists?

A)Imogen Cunningham's Two Callas
B)Kiki Smith's Untitled
C)Olowe of Ise's Offering Bowl
D)Rembrandt van Rijn's The Last Supper

Question 40

The English word "technique" comes from tekne,the __________.

A)Latin word for artist
B)Greek word for art
C)French word for picture
D)Egyptian word for skill

Question 41

The paintings at the Lascaux Caves were created around __________.

A)32,000 bce
B)7400 bce
C)3000 bce
D)15,000 bce

Question 42

In Bison from Le Tuc d'Audoubert,the creator gave the animals a more lifelike quality by __________.

A)depicting human figures surrounding the bison herds
B)surrounding the animals with small footprints in the clay floor
C)engraving short parallel lines below their necks to suggest shaggy coats
D)overlapping them with low-relief carvings of thin,active animals

Question 43

Which of the following marked the emergence of the human body as the primary location of human identity?

A)Lion-Human Statuette
B)Woman and Man from Cernavoda
C)Bird-Man with Bison at Lascaux Caves
D)Woman from Willendorf

Question 44

In the Hall of Bulls at the Lascaux Caves,which aspects of the animals are represented in profile?

A)horns
B)hooves
C)heads
D)eyes

Question 45

Compared to Paleolithic sculptures,such as the Woman from Willendorf,the Woman and Man from Cernavoda display more __________.

A)exaggerated features
B)gestures and expressions
C)idealized attributes
D)painted colors

Question 46

Female figurines from the Paleolithic period most likely exaggerated female attributes to emphasize __________.

A)beauty
B)power
C)fertility
D)religious ritual

Question 47

Which of the following types of evidence might suggest that the subterranean galleries of prehistoric caves had religious or magical functions?

A)elaborate burials
B)stones engraved with linear designs
C)artifacts and footprints
D)ceramic figurines

Question 48

A technique called modeling was used to create __________.

A)corbel vaults in Neolithic passage graves
B)relief sculptures in Paleolithic caves
C)dolmens in Neolithic henges
D)paintings in prehistoric caves

Question 49

A structure in which each row or layers of stone are laid with the end of each row projecting beyond the row below until they come together to span an interior space is called a __________.

A)dolmen
B)capstone
C)cairn
D)corbel vault

Question 50

How is Bison at a cave at Altamira different from the Hall of Bulls at the Lascaux Caves?

A)The artists painted the bodies of the bison on natural bulges in the cave's walls and ceilings.
B)The artists used modeling to shape clay into the bodies of the bison before applying paint.
C)The artists engraved the bodies of the animals into the surface of the cave walls.
D)The artists surrounded the herd of bison with stylized depictions of human figures.

Question 51

Why do scholars agree that cave paintings were meaningful to prehistoric peoples?

A)The cave openings were sealed before the artists moved to a new location.
B)Archaeologists found hunting equipment in the subterranean galleries of each cave.
C)The archaeological record indicates that people were buried underneath the paintings.
D)People returned to them many times generation after generation.

Question 52

What was the result of successive generations continually building house upon house in the Neolithic community of Çatalhöyük?

A)large open chambers
B)great mounds of villages
C)little archeological evidence
D)small grave chambers

Question 53

The houses in Çatalhöyük were constructed of __________.

A)stone posts
B)mammoth bones
C)mud bricks
D)wooden lintels

Question 54

Most of the wall paintings in the houses of Çatalhöyük depict __________.

A)people planting crops
B)herds of animals
C)exaggerated female figures
D)violent and wild scenes

Question 55

A method of construction in which two upright materials support a horizontal element is called __________.

A)post-and-lintel
B)corbeling
C)modeling
D)vaulting

Question 56

In Russia and Ukraine,the buildings of Upper Paleolithic settlements were built using __________.

A)mammoth bones
B)the post-and-lintel system
C)stone dolmens
D)corbel vaults

Question 57

The term "megalithic" means __________.

A)small stone
B)large stone
C)old stone
D)new stone

Question 58

Which of the following examples of Paleolithic art is unique because it may tell a story?

A)Men Taunting a Deer (?)
B)Hall of Bulls
C)Woman from Willendorf
D)Bird-Headed Man with Bison

Question 59

One fundamental change that marked the beginning of the Neolithic period was the __________.

A)development of agricultural settlements
B)emergence of cave painting.
C)development of weaving
D)use of wooden tools

Question 60

The earliest-known prehistoric cave paintings are located at __________.

A)Lascaux
B)Altamira
C)Chauvet
D)Çatalhöyük

Question 61

Which of the following is a writing instrument shaped like a triangular wedge?

A)cuneiform
B)stele
C)cylinder seal
D)stylus

Question 62

The Votive Statues from Tell Asmar,Iraq,are best described as __________.

A)stylized
B)naturalistic
C)low relief
D)cuneiform

Question 63

Which of the following is the function of a Sumerian ziggurat?

A)It was a temple dedicated to a god or goddess.
B)It was a royal palace for the Sumerian rulers.
C)It was an upright stone slab to commemorate a victory.
D)It was a device used to secure and identify documents.

Question 64

Why do scholars believe that Stonehenge was a site of ceremonies related to death and burial?

A)The interior circle of sarsen stones is oriented towards the position of the sun at the solstice.
B)Its original bluestones include engraved designs of spirals,rings,and diamonds.
C)Archaeologists found musical instruments buried in the surrounding embankments.
D)It began as a cemetery of cremation burials marked by a circle of imported bluestones.

Question 65

In the Carved Vessel from Uruk,the horizontal bands that organize the visual narrative are known as __________.

A)brackets
B)veneers
C)registers
D)grids

Question 66

The Votive Statues from Tell Asmar,Iraq exemplify the conventions of __________.

A)Persian royal art
B)Akkadian military art
C)Babylonian pictorial art
D)Sumerian religious art

Question 67

The stepped pyramidal structures in Sumer are called __________.

A)stele
B)lamassu
C)ziggurats
D)cuneiform

Question 68

Construction at Stonehenge began around __________.

A)3000 bce
B)7400 bce
C)13,000 bce
D)25,000 bce

Question 69

A structure formed by a circle of stones or posts and often surrounded by a ditch with embankments is called a __________.

A)henge
B)dolmen
C)cairn
D)capstone

Question 70

Which of the following sites includes an example of a corbel vault?

A)Stonehenge
B)Çatalhöyük
C)Lascaux Caves
D)Newgrange

Question 71

Which of the following sites is an example of post-and-lintel construction?

A)Çatalhöyük
B)Newgrange
C)Chauvet
D)Stonehenge

Question 72

A simple tomb in which large,often upright,stones form a chamber that supports one or more table-like rocks,or capstones,is called a __________.

A)passage grave
B)henge
C)dolmen
D)cairn

Question 73

The Sumerians worshiped many gods,among them the goddess of love and war,called __________.

A)Anu
B)Gudea
C)Assurbanipal
D)Inanna

Question 74

At Stonehenge,the horseshoe-shaped arrangement of five upright stones topped by lintels is called the __________.

A)cairn
B)sarsen trilithon
C)arc of bluestones
D)capstone

Question 75

Neolithic passage graves feature __________.

A)wall paintings with lifelike animal images
B)high relief sculpture of bison herds
C)linear designs of rings,spirals,and diamonds
D)violent scenes with humans taunting animals

Question 76

The burial site at Newgrange in Ireland is an example of a __________.

A)passage grave
B)circular henge
C)megalithic cairn
D)post-and-lintel structure

Question 77

The form of Mesopotamian writing that uses wedge-shaped marks is called __________.

A)hieroglyphs
B)cuneiform
C)pictographs
D)hieratic

Question 78

The term "Mesopotamia" means land __________.

A)outside the rivers
B)between the rivers
C)north of the rivers
D)south of the rivers

Question 79

In the Middle Ages,which structure was thought to have been built by Merlin,the legendary magician of King Arthur?

A)Stonehenge
B)Newgrange
C)Durrington Walls
D)Çatalhöyük

Question 80

Which two great rivers run through Mesopotamia?

A)the Euphrates and the Nile
B)the Indus and the Nile
C)the Nile and the Tigris
D)the Tigris and the Euphrates