Deck 40: Gateway Features for Gateways to Art

Question 1

The designers of the Taj Mahal went to great lengths to use radial and bilateral symmetry.Based on what you have read about the building and its history,what were the main ideas that the architects wanted to communicate to viewers? Why?

Answer 1

Answers will vary.

Question 2

The design of the Taj Mahal and gardens uses both ________ and ________ symmetry.

A) radial and bilateral
B) organic and geometric
C) positive and negative
D) round and square
E) left and right

Answer 2

A

Question 3

What material was used to make the Olmec colossal heads?

A) basalt
B) bronze
C) jade
D) limestone
E) marble

Answer 3

A

Question 4

How many Olmec colossal heads have been discovered?

A) 3
B) 17
C) 103
D) 562
E) 1,000

Question 5

The Taj Mahal features four towers,each 162 feet high,called ______,a characteristic feature of Islamic architecture.

A) minarets
B) qiblas
C) minbars
D) mihrabs
E) sahms

Question 6

The Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan built the Taj Mahal to ______.

A) show the power of his reign
B) commemorate and entomb his third wife
C) use as a summer home
D) use as a mosque for daily prayers
E) none of the answers

Question 7

This Italian artist used two-point combined with one-point perspective in his painting The School of Athens.

A) Raphael
B) Brunelleschi
C) Michelangelo
D) Alberti
E) Caravaggio

Question 8

Analyse the ways in which illusion is created in Raphael's School of Athens.What are the artist's methods for creating depth in the painting? How does the painting contribute to the wider scheme of Pope Julius II's library?

Question 9

When Raphael was preparing to paint his fresco The School of Athens he did a large drawing called ________ to help place the design on the wall.

A) a cartoon
B) a layout
C) a sketch
D) an intonaco
E) an arrezzo

Question 10

What is one of the main reasons that the creation of the Olmec colossal heads is so impressive?

A) they are lifelike individual portraits
B) they were created without metal tools
C) they can be seen from space
D) they were done by children
E) all of the other answers

Question 11

The Taj Mahal was commissioned by the grieving ________ as a memorial to his third and beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal.

A) Kubla Khan
B) Gunga Din
C) Alexander the Great
D) Gengis Khan
E) Shah Jahan

Question 12

The visual impact of the Olmec sculpture of a Colossal Head is directly related to its mass.

Question 13

What theme is not represented in the paintings that decorate the walls of the library of Pope Julius II in the Vatican?

A) theology
B) law and justice
C) humility
D) philosophy
E) poetry

Question 14

The unique foundation structure of the Taj Mahal may be compromised because of lower water levels in the Yamuna River in recent years.

Question 15

In his work The School of Athens,this Renaissance artist created figures using the ideal human proportions developed by the ancient Greeks.

A) Raphael
B) Claes Oldenburg
C) Dorothea Tanning
D) Michelangelo
E) Leonardo da Vinci

Question 16

In 1940 Matthew and Marion Stirling found ________ at the site of ________.

A) Inca mummies . . . Cerro Gordo
B) Aztec fishing boats . . . Tenochtitlan
C) Olmec colossal heads . . . La Venta
D) Maya paintings . . . Bonampak
E) Kwakiutl masks . . . British Columbia

Question 17

Raphael's The School of Athens contains:

A) accurate portraits of ancient scholars and writers
B) accurate portraits of sixteenth-century scholars and writers
C) ancient scholars looking like sixteenth-century artists
D) contemporary scholars looking like ancient artists
E) only people the artist knew personally

Question 18

Why were the Greek god Apollo and the goddess Athena included in The School of Athens?

A) because Renaissance artists admired Greek mythology, philosophy, and art
B) because there were no longer deities during the Renaissance
C) because the artist was Greek
D) because the huge flowers the artist wanted to carve fell apart
E) none of the answers

Question 19

Olmec heads were easily found at La Venta because they were still on prominent display,exactly as the Olmec had left them.

Question 20

In the Islamic faith,gardens are symbolic of Paradise on Earth.

Question 21

Artemisia Gentileschi worked during this stylistic and historical period.

A) Impressionism
B) Renaissance
C) Pop art
D) Surrealism
E) Baroque

Question 22

________ made a Symbolist version of Judith with Holofernes's head.

A) Mary Cassatt
B) Berthe Morisot
C) Camille Claudel
D) Gustav Klimt
E) all of the other answers

Question 23

Gustav Klimt's work Judith I features:

A) gold leaf
B) an element of danger
C) decorative patterning
D) flattened figures
E) all of the other answers

Question 24

In Francisco Goya's Family of Charles IV:

A) the royal family is portrayed in an idealized way
B) the artist includes a portrait of himself standing at his easel
C) Charles IV is shown knighting his son, Ferdinand VII
D) the family are very simply dressed
E) none of the answers

Question 25

Artemisia Gentileschi used directional line brilliantly in her painting Judith Decapitating Holofernes to draw our attention to this point.

A) Judith's face
B) blood spurting from Holofernes's neck
C) the bed
D) the maidservant
E) a hand

Question 26

The Taj Mahal ________.

A) is asymmetrical when viewed from above
B) is covered with smooth white marble and lacks any writing
C) is surrounded by gardens that represent Paradise
D) stands alone, and is not part of a larger complex
E) none of the answers

Question 27

In the painting The Third of May,1808,this Spanish artist used alternating rhythm to contrast "good" and "bad."

A) Suzanne Valadon
B) Chuck Close
C) Francisco Goya
D) Rosa Bonheur
E) Edward Weston

Question 28

Artemisia Gentileschi's Judith Decapitating Holofernes is part of which movement?

A) early Renaissance
B) Mannerism
C) Baroque
D) Medieval
E) Classical Greek

Question 29

Artemisia Gentileschi was influenced by the style of which other artist?

A) Masaccio
B) Caravaggio
C) Sofonisba Anguissola
D) Nicolas Poussin
E) all of the other answers

Question 30

Goya painted a slightly unflattering portrait of the Spanish royal family because he strongly disliked them and wanted to insult the king.

Question 31

Italian Baroque artist Artemisia Gentileschi used this medium for her Allegory of Painting,a self-portrait of the artist with a paintbrush in hand.

A) acrylic paint
B) fresco
C) oil paint
D) tempera
E) encaustic

Question 32

The Taj Mahal was built by the Mughal Emperor Jahangir to celebrate the birth of his son Shah Jahan.

Question 33

This Spanish artist created artworks in both print and paint that depict horrific events that happened during the French occupation of Spain between 1808 and 1814.

A) Albrecht Dürer
B) Pablo Picasso
C) Francisco Goya
D) Max Beckmann
E) Rembrandt

Question 34

The decapitation of Holofernes,which is the subject of an oil painting by Artemisia Gentileschi,happened because:

A) Holofernes was cruel and violent to Judith's people
B) Judith was jealous because he was her adulterous husband
C) Judith was vengeful because he had killed her son
D) Holofernes was a magician and Judith was his assistant for this trick
E) none of the answers

Question 35

The gardens at the Taj Mahal were heavily influenced by the royal palaces and gardens of the Christian French monarchy.

Question 36

Francisco Goya's The Second of May,1808 depicts:

A) the coronation of Napoleon
B) the execution of Spanish rebels
C) Spanish civilians attacking French soldiers
D) a horse race
E) none of the other answers

Question 37

In the etching The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters,Francisco Goya uses regularity of line and shape to create a/an ________ rhythm,with a benign effect,in the lower half of the work.

A) erratic
B) wistful
C) stable
D) wild
E) all of the other answers

Question 38

In Goya's The Third of May,1808,the artist used a variety of actual and implied lines to attract attention to specific points within the composition.Lines that draw the viewer's attention in this way are known as ________ lines.

A) directional
B) regular
C) contour
D) irregular
E) organic

Question 39

Francisco Goya used visual rhythms to convey ideas and emotions in his works The Third of May,1808 and The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters.Do the rhythms in Goya's works communicate the dichotomy of good and evil to you? If so,how? If not,what other meanings are created?

Question 40

Gustav Klimt's Judith I was made in direct response to an artwork of the same subject by Baroque artist Artemisia Gentileschi.

Question 41

In "The Great Wave off Shore at Kanagawa," the curl of the wave intertwines with the sky to create an abstract ________.

A) yin and yang
B) t'ao t'ieh
C) ice-cream cone
D) human face
E) temple

Question 42

The elements of time and motion are not applicable to the art of photography.

Question 43

When she made the photograph called Migrant Mother,Dorothea Lange:

A) waited all day for the woman and her family to return to their camp
B) first passed the pea-pickers' camp, but decided to turn back to take pictures
C) refused to let the prints be published
D) used actors in a studio pretending to be migrants
E) none of the other answers

Question 44

The sequence of photographs Dorothea Lange took of a migrant family in 1936 shows how photographers move around their subject and anticipate the right time to capture the image they seek.In this way,photography is still deeply concerned with the elements of ________ and time.

A) motion
B) color
C) light
D) volume
E) texture

Question 45

The fact that Goya's paintings The Second of May,1808 and The Third of May,1808 portray different sides committing acts of violence shows that Goya was condemning war in general.

Question 46

Chris Jordan's Gyre refers to:

A) Hokusai's "The Great Wave off Shore at Kanagawa"
B) a Pacific whirlpool
C) trash created by humans
D) all of the other answers
E) none of the other answers

Question 47

To create a color woodblock,such as Hokusai's famous "The Great Wave off Shore at Kanagawa," a printer must produce a new ________ for each separate color.

A) style
B) piece of paper
C) relief block
D) design
E) medium

Question 48

Pablo Picasso made Girl before a Mirror ______.

A) when he was in grade school, before he became an artist
B) at the beginning of his career, when he was studying art
C) at the height of his career, when he was inspired by his mistress
D) later in his career, when he was learning to use photography
E) near the end of his career, when he was revisiting old themes

Question 49

Pablo Picasso's Girl before a Mirror relates to the theme of vanitas through which of the following elements?

A) the rotten food in the corner reflects the fact that all living things decay
B) the woman looks in a mirror to contemplate her beauty, which will fade over time
C) the realistic depiction of a cemetery reminds us that death is inevitable
D) the instruments remind us that life, like music, is transient
E) the skull on the table represents death

Question 50

Trompe l'oeil techniques are used to make artworks look extremely realistic.

Question 51

The term "vanitas" in art includes references to ______.

A) the fleeting nature of life
B) the passing of time
C) memento mori
D) transient sights, smells, and sounds
E) all of the other answers

Question 52

Discuss the idea that certain photographs can become so familiar that they are deemed icons.What makes a particular picture iconic? Think about famous photographs that might come under this title.What are their similarities? Does the reason they are so famous have to do with the artist,or another factor?

Question 53

Describe in detail the role that Mount Fuji plays in Hokusai's "The Great Wave off Shore at Kanagawa." Consider formal elements,such as the size,shape,and placement of the mountain,as well as meaning and symbolism.

Question 54

The identity of Dorothea Lange's migrant mother has never been discovered.

Question 55

Pablo Picasso's Girl before a Mirror can best be described as ______.

A) a realistic still life painting
B) a colorful sculptural landscape
C) a piece of functional pottery
D) an abstract portrait
E) video art

Question 56

Mount Fuji,the Japanese mountain that features in Hokusai's famous print "The Great Wave off Shore at Kanagawa," is sacred to believers of ________.

A) Islam
B) Christianity
C) Shinto
D) Hinduism
E) Scientology

Question 57

What happened to the woman featured in Migrant Mother after Dorothea Lange photographed her?

A) the government fed her and her family for several months
B) she was paid royalties for the famous photograph
C) she was ashamed of the photograph
D) she and the photographer became good friends
E) none of the other answers

Question 58

What principle of art did Katsushika Hokusai employ in "The Great Wave off Shore at Kanagawa" in order to bring harmony to what could otherwise be a very chaotic scene?

A) pattern
B) always use the color blue
C) unity
D) scale
E) none of the other answers

Question 59

Pablo Picasso's painting Girl before a Mirror reflects his knowledge of ______.

A) the history of art
B) Dutch still life painting
C) Renaissance and Baroque figure studies
D) images of the goddess Venus
E) all of the other answers

Question 60

Katsushika Hokusai,in his woodcut "The Great Wave off Shore at Kanagawa," simplified and ordered the visual elements in the work to create ________.

A) compositional unity
B) conceptual unity
C) chaos
D) realism
E) symmetry

Question 61

Compare Pieter Claesz's painting Vanitas with Violin and Glass Ball with Pablo Picasso's Girl before a Mirror.Begin by describing each artwork,both in terms of what it looks like stylistically and its subject matter.Next,consider the underlying meaning of each artwork.Name several similarities and differences in both form and content.Finally,consider how the appearance of each artwork contributes to our understanding of its message.

Question 62

"Pentimenti" was the term used by Picasso for his young students.

Question 63

An x-ray of Picasso's Girl before a Mirror showed that the artist altered the body of Marie-Thérèse Walter while working on the painting.