Deck 23: Endocrine System Drugs

Question 1

Josie has just been diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes.Diabetes therapy with insulin focuses initially on controlling fasting plasma glucose with the use of a long-acting insulin analog such as .

A)Novolog
B)Humulin R
C)Lantus
D)Humulin N

Answer 1

Lantus

Question 2

Skylar's illness is in remission and she has been told she no longer needs to take prednisone.How should the prednisone be discontinued?

A)By substituting a similar drug
B)By simply discontinuing the drug
C)By a variety of means,depending on her health
D)By gradually tapering down

Answer 2

By gradually tapering down

Question 3

Erika will be taking corticosteroids for a relatively long period of time.In order to reduce the risk of suppressing her adrenals and causing adrenal atrophy,what type of corticosteroids are most effective?

A)long-acting
B)short-acting
C)mixed
D)intermediate-acting

Answer 3

intermediate-acting

Question 4

Danika has Type 1 diabetes and must take a rapid-acting insulin to reduce post-meal hyperglycemia.This is called a ____.

A)corrective dose
B)glargine dose
C)prandial dose
D)combination dose

Question 5

Karla knows that when her friend took thyroid replacement,her friend lost weight.Karla has normal levels of thyroid hormones,but wonders whether taking thyroid replacement would help her lose weight as well.What should you tell her?

A)Only as a last resort,after she has tried and failed at diet and exercise
B)Yes,but only for periods of less than six months
C)Possibly,but she must be monitored very closely
D)No.It is contraindicated,ineffective,and dangerous.

Question 6

Erika has had a kidney transplant and is taking,among her many medications,corticosteroids.The corticosteroids are intended to .

A)improve immune response
B)increase red blood cells
C)prevent rejection
D)limit inflammation

Question 7

Lauri is being treated for hypothyroidism with a synthetic replacement.What signs might indicate that her dose is too high?

A)exophthalmos
B)bradycardia
C)hypotension
D)weight gain

Question 8

Phebian takes rosiglitazone for his Type 2 diabetes.How does rosiglitazone act?

A)It decreases glucagon secretion,delays gastric emptying time,and decreases food intake.
B)It stimulates beta cells of the pancreas to produce insulin.
C)It decreases hepatic glucose production and enhances insulin uptake in muscle.
D)It decreases insulin resistance and improves sensitivity to insulin.

Question 9

Bennie has hyperthyroidism due to Grave's disease.What is his likely course of treatment?

A)an antithyroid agent followed by treatment with radioactive iodine
B)treatment of radioactive iodine followed by an antithyroid agent
C)treatment with radioactive iodine followed by surgical removal of the thyroid.
D)an antithyroid agent followed by surgical removal of the thyroid

Question 10

Three-year-old Wiley is small for his age;testing reveals that he has very low levels of human growth hormone.What gland produces human growth hormone?

A)islets of Langerhans
B)adrenal
C)pituitary
D)thyroid

Question 11

Nasir's acute flare-up of ulcerative colitis is being treated with corticosteroids.Why are corticosteroids recommended for only brief treatment of ulcerative colitis flare-ups?

A)To avoid hemorrhage
B)To avoid tolerance
C)To improve clinical response
D)To slow metabolism

Question 12

Routine newborn testing reveals that Kassandra has congenital hypothyroidism.If congenital hypothyroidism is untreated,Kassandra might develop .

A)cognitive disabilities
B)hearing loss
C)vision loss
D)hyperactivity disorder

Question 13

Your friend Kaylin has been diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes and you take part in her diabetes education classes to learn more.What symptoms might indicate that Kaylin is hyperglycemic?

A)ravenous appetite
B)tachycardia
C)decreased urine production
D)fruity breath

Question 14

Ayla has a severe allergic reaction and is treated with corticosteroids.What gland produces corticosteroids?

A)adrenal
B)pituitary
C)islets of Langerhans
D)thyroid

Question 15

Martina is being treated for hypothyroidism with a synthetic T4 replacement.What is the advantage of this approach?

A)It blocks the enzymes responsible for metabolizing thyroid hormones.
B)It slows the excretion of bioactive thyroid hormone.
C)It helps the body make T3,the bioactive form of thyroid hormone.
D)It substitutes for the bioactive hormone the body is not making.

Question 16

Freya takes glipizide for Type 2 diabetes.To what class does this drug belong?

A)sulfonylureas
B)incretins
C)alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
D)meglitinides

Question 17

Cornelius is experiencing severe pain in his knees associated with rheumatoid arthritis.He and his doctor are discussing corticosteroid therapy.What administration route is most likely?

A)injection into the joint
B)IM
C)oral
D)topical

Question 18

Your friend Kaylin,who has Type 1 diabetes,shows signs of hypoglycemia,although she is still conscious.What should you do?

A)Give her 4 ounces of orange juice,candy,honey,or syrup,followed by a high protein snack like peanut butter or milk.
B)Administer a bolus dose of insulin and recheck her blood glucose 30 minutes later.
C)Give her a high protein snack,recheck her blood glucose,and give her 4 ounces of orange juice,candy,honey,or syrup if needed.
D)Administer an IM injection of glucose solution.

Question 19

Clara has been diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes and is being started on an oral antidiabetic agent.What biguanide might she be given?

A)acarbose
B)glipizide
C)metformin
D)exenatide

Question 20

Elisha has Type 1 diabetes and uses an analog insulin.What is an advantage of analog insulin?

A)decreased risk of hypoglycemia
B)less painful to inject
C)decreased risk of ketoacidosis
D)smaller amounts are needed for control

Question 21

Rose has Type 1 diabetes and uses regular insulin.What are the characteristics of regular insulin?

A)slow-acting and of short duration
B)rapid-acting and of long duration
C)slow-acting and of long duration
D)rapid-acting and of short duration

Question 22

Jimmy has Type 1 diabetes.What macrovascular complications might he experience?

A)neuropathy
B)nephropathy
C)retinopathy
D)stroke

Question 23

In the United States,70% of diabetics die from .

A)profound hypoglycemia
B)cancer associated with oral antidiabetic agents
C)heart attack or stroke
D)neuropathy

Question 24

In her diabetes education class,Vickie learned that when insulin is injected into the arms or thighs, .

A)it can reduce the amount needed
B)it is more consistently absorbed
C)it is less likely to cause hypoglycemia
D)it is more rapidly absorbed

Question 25

Maddy has Type 1 diabetes.What microvascular complications might she experience?

A)peripheral vascular disease
B)heart attack
C)retinopathy
D)stroke