Deck 8: Performance Management and Appraisal

Question 1

Bree went into her performance appraisal interview expecting to hear what a great performer she was and that she was getting a promotion.Instead,her manager pointed out some important areas in which Bree needed to improve if she wanted to continue to advance in the organization.As a result,Bree plans to focus on those areas of improvement in hopes of getting the promotion next year.This is an example of the ______ reason for conducting performance appraisals.

A) communication
B) decision-making
C) motivation
D) development

Answer 1

C

Question 2

______ is the ongoing process of evaluating employee performance.

A) Performance appraisal
B) Performance management
C) Critical incidents method
D) Behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS) form

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Tomo received a low score on his performance appraisal because he did not create project-specific data management plans as part of his job as a clinical data manager.However,Tomo has not received training on creating such plans.He did not mention this fact during his appraisal,nor did his manager ask.Consequently,he will likely get a low score on this part of his appraisal again next year.This suggests Tomo's appraisal falls short of which reason for conducting performance appraisals?

A) communication
B) decision-making
C) motivation
D) ranking

Answer 3

A

Question 4

In performance appraisal,______ means that the use of the measure is satisfactory or appropriate to the people who must use it.

A) feasibility
B) acceptability
C) validity
D) reliability

Question 5

Ryan's manager provided him with a performance appraisal that covered the past 6 months.Ryan asked his manager on what the appraisal was based.Ryan contends that his manager only came to Ryan's work area once or twice in the past 6 months and could not possibly know enough about Ryan's work to write an appraisal.What aspect of good performance appraisals does Ryan's appraisal appear to be missing?

A) a basis in mission and objectives
B) reliability
C) acceptability
D) feasibility

Question 6

Casey's performance appraisal indicated that she was good at managing client relationships.Casey asked her supervisor for more details and was simply told,"you just do a good job in that area." What aspect of good performance appraisals does Casey's appraisal appear to be missing?

A) reliability
B) specificity
C) acceptability
D) feasibility

Question 7

The first step in the performance appraisal process is ______.

A) develop standards and measurement methods
B) job analysis
C) design the appraisal form
D) prepare and conduct formal performance appraisals

Question 8

Jazmine creates a very generic evaluation form that she can use for most employees,regardless of the types of jobs the employees perform.This evaluation form is so generic it will not be useful for modifying employee behavior.Jazmine's form is missing the ______ aspect of good performance appraisals.

A) acceptability
B) feasibility
C) validity
D) specificity

Question 9

The first major reason for performance appraisals is to provide an opportunity for ______ communication between management and the employees concerning how the organization believes each employee is performing.

A) informal
B) formal
C) punishing
D) reinforcing

Question 10

Brittney recently read that once-a-year performance appraisals are ineffective.In response,she is asking all her managers to begin providing monthly performance appraisals to all their employees.Each manager has 30 employees and balk at the idea of providing that many performance appraisals each month.What aspect of good performance appraisals does Brittney's plan appear to be missing?

A) validity
B) specificity
C) acceptability
D) feasibility

Question 11

Jungmin's job as a biomedical engineer involves conducting research on the engineering aspects of the biological systems.Most important are his written reports on his findings.Jungmin's supervisor based Jungmin's performance appraisal on the reports.It is likely that Jungmin's performance appraisal is ______.

A) valid
B) reliable
C) based on mission and objectives
D) feasible

Question 12

To effectively assess performance,an organization needs to have ______ standards for and methods of measuring performance.

A) general
B) unclear
C) clear
D) universal

Question 13

During his performance appraisal,Julian mentioned that he was having difficulty keeping client records up-to-date because the computer system was antiquated.As a result,the department decided to replace both the software and hardware in Julian's department.As a result,Julian's department's performance increased.This is an example of the ______ reason for conducting performance appraisals.

A) communication
B) decision-making
C) motivation
D) ranking

Question 14

At Acme Global,customer service is a top priority.However,Michael's latest performance appraisal focused exclusively on his poor critical thinking skills and his lack of knowledge of the company's technology.What aspect of good performance appraisals does Michael's appraisal appear to be missing?

A) validity
B) a basis in mission and objectives
C) acceptability
D) feasibility

Question 15

Sean has two supervisors who both provide appraisals on his performance.On a scale of 1-5,both supervisors gave Sean a 4.2.It is likely that Sean's performance appraisal is ______.

A) valid
B) reliable
C) specific
D) feasible

Question 16

______ is the process of identifying,measuring,managing,and developing the performance of the human resources in an organization.

A) Critical incidents method
B) Performance management
C) Performance appraisal
D) Management by objectives (MBO) method

Question 17

Alyssa's manager has asked her to complete a review of her past 6 months on the job.Next week,Alyssa will sit down with her manager to go over the review and receive her manager's feedback on her work for the past 6 months.Alyssa and her manager are engaged in ______.

A) performance appraisal
B) performance management
C) performance monitoring
D) performance planning

Question 18

In performance management,______ is the willingness to achieve organizational objectives.

A) behavior
B) results
C) traits
D) motivation

Question 19

As a result of his last performance appraisal,Deron finally got the promotion he has been seeking for 3 years.His supervisor agreed with Deron that his performance had improved and that Deron was ready to take on more responsibility.This is an example of the ______ reason for conducting performance appraisals.

A) communication
B) decision-making
C) motivation
D) ranking

Question 20

Lian found several job duties that were listed on her subordinate's job description which are no longer part of the job.Also,the company recently updated its strategic plan.Based on the new plan,Lian will add some related job duties to her subordinate's job and communicate with her subordinate about the changes.Lian is engaged in ______.

A) performance appraisal
B) performance management
C) performance monitoring
D) performance planning

Question 21

Nicole is rating her employees on ______ when she assigns them scores on items such as "conscientiousness" and "inquisitiveness."

A) traits
B) behaviors
C) results
D) incidents

Question 22

______ is a process in which managers and employees jointly set objectives for the employees,periodically evaluate performance,and reward employees according to the results.

A) Narrative method or form
B) Critical incidents method
C) Management by objectives method
D) Behaviorally anchored rating scale form

Question 23

Hafsah is considering who to promote into a new position.She asks each of her supervisors to write an appraisal of their employees describing each employee's strengths and weaknesses.Hafsah is requesting supervisors use the ______ method of performance appraisal.

A) ranking
B) management by objectives
C) narrative
D) behavioral anchored rating

Question 24

______ identify the physical or psychological characteristics of a person.

A) Results
B) Motivation
C) Traits
D) Behavior

Question 25

In performance appraisal,the ______ is a three-step process: Step 1: Set individual objectives and plans,Step 2: Give feedback and evaluate performance,Step 3: Reward according to performance.

A) narrative method or form
B) behaviorally anchored rating scale form
C) critical incidents method
D) management by objectives method

Question 26

In performance appraisal,a ______ gives the manager the opportunity to give the evaluative assessment in a written form that can go beyond simply checking a box to describe a predetermined assessment item.

A) trait
B) behavior
C) narrative
D) reward

Question 27

In performance management,______ are a measure of the goals achieved through a work process.

A) results
B) motivations
C) behaviors
D) traits

Question 28

In performance appraisal,evaluation of a salesperson's "tenacity" and "enthusiasm" would be classified as a ______ appraisal.

A) behavior
B) trait
C) results
D) process

Question 29

To provide accurate performance appraisals,Samantha keeps a box of index cards on each of her employees.When an employee does something particularly well or particularly poorly,Samantha writes the event down on a card and puts it in that employee's box.It appears Samantha is using the ______ method of performance appraisal.

A) critical incidents
B) management by objectives
C) narrative method
D) behavioral anchored rating

Question 30

Alexander supervises three workers who repair watches in the jewelry department.He bases his performance appraisal of the workers on the number of watches each employee repairs each week.It appears that Alexander is basing his appraisal on ______.

A) traits
B) behaviors
C) results
D) incidents

Question 31

______ is a performance appraisal method in which a manager keeps a written record of the positive and negative performance of employees throughout the performance period.

A) Behaviorally anchored rating scale form
B) Narrative method or form
C) Management by objectives method
D) Critical incidents method

Question 32

When appraising a paramedic,Derrick based his appraisal on the individual's performance on emergency diagnostic and treatment procedures.It appears that Derrick is basing his appraisal on ______.

A) traits
B) behaviors
C) results
D) incidents

Question 33

In performance appraisal,the ______ requires a manager to write a statement about the employee's performance.

A) behaviorally anchored rating scale form
B) narrative method or form
C) critical incidents method
D) management by objectives method

Question 34

Some ______ are fairly easy to identify and managers often assume that they are related to how the individual will perform on the job.

A) traits
B) behaviors
C) motivations
D) actions

Question 35

In considering two employees for a promotion,Hadar decides to nominate the more attractive and extroverted candidate.It appears Hadar based his promotion appraisal on ______.

A) traits
B) behaviors
C) results
D) incidents

Question 36

Whenever an employee has a major achievement,Anna asks that employee to send her an e-mail describing the achievement.Likewise,if an employee makes a mistake,Anna asks the employee to send her an e-mail describing the mistake and what happened.When it's time to do performance appraisals,Anna brings together all the e-mails she received from each employee to create an appraisal.It appears Anna is using the ______ method of performance appraisal.

A) critical incidents
B) management by objectives
C) graphic rating
D) behavioral anchored rating

Question 37

As a general rule,it is much better to use ______ in a performance appraisal than it is to use traits.

A) motivations
B) behaviors
C) narratives
D) biases

Question 38

When appraising an automobile mechanic,Felicidad based her appraisal on the individual's performance doing routine maintenance and repairs on cars.It appears that Felicidad is basing her appraisal on ______.

A) traits
B) behaviors
C) results
D) incidents

Question 39

In performance management,______ are considered the actions taken by an individual.

A) results
B) behaviors
C) motivations
D) traits

Question 40

As part of her job as a stock clerk,Breanna is required to take inventory to identify items to be restocked.At the beginning of each quarter,Breanna and her manager set a goal for reducing the amount of time it takes to take inventory.This quarter,her goal is to reduce the time by 10%.At the end of the period,Breanna will review her numbers with her manager.If she has reduced the time she spends on inventory by 10%,she will receive a raise.Breanna's performance appraisal is done using the ______ method.

A) critical incidents
B) management by objectives
C) ranking
D) behavioral anchored rating

Question 41

One of the basic methods of adjusting ______ evaluations is by comparing the individuals being evaluated and identifying the ratios of negative and positive comments.

A) customer
B) peer
C) supervisor
D) self

Question 42

______ error occurs when the rater evaluates everyone under their control as average.

A) Leniency
B) Proximity
C) Halo
D) Central tendency

Question 43

______ error occurs when the evaluator forms a generally positive impression of an individual and then artificially extends that general impression to many of that individual's categories of performance.

A) Recency
B) Severity or strictness
C) Halo
D) Central tendency

Question 44

In performance appraisal,______ can be used for many different types of jobs,making this appraisal method a one-size-fits-all form that requires minimal time,effort,cost,and training.

A) management by objectives method
B) critical incidents method
C) narrative method or form
D) graphic rating scales

Question 45

______ is simply a personality-based tendency,either toward or against something.

A) Bias
B) Stereotyping
C) Ranking
D) Rating

Question 46

______ is a performance appraisal method that is used to evaluate employee performance from best to worst.

A) Narrative method or form
B) Behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS) form
C) Ranking
D) 360-Degree evaluation

Question 47

The ______ is a performance appraisal checklist form on which a manager simply rates performance on a continuum such as excellent,good,average,fair,and poor.

A) graphic rating scale form
B) management by objectives method
C) critical incidents method
D) narrative method or form

Question 48

The 360-degree evaluation format tends to be most valuable if it is used for purposes of ______,rather than to make ______ decisions.

A) individual development; group development
B) administrative evaluative decisions; management
C) individual development; administrative evaluative
D) company development; individual development

Question 49

______ analyzes individuals' performance from all sides-from their supervisor's viewpoint,from their subordinates' viewpoint,from their customers (if applicable),from their peers,and from their own self-evaluation.

A) The critical incidents method
B) A 360-degree evaluation
C) The management by objectives (MBO) method
D) The narrative method or form

Question 50

What type of performance appraisal error is involved in the statement "You came early to class and therefore you must be a good overall student"?

A) bias
B) halo
C) similarity
D) stereotyping
E) distributional

Question 51

Anil was just named top employee of the month.To decide who would receive this honor,management must have used the ______ method of performance appraisal.

A) ranking
B) management by objectives
C) graphic rating
D) behavioral anchored rating

Question 52

______ is a performance appraisal that provides a description of each assessment along a continuum.

A) Narrative method or form
B) Critical incidents method
C) Management by objectives (MBO) method
D) Behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS) form

Question 53

Craig is starting a new business and looking for an easy-to-use performance appraisal method that he can apply to every job in the organization from the top manager to the cleaning staff.Craig should probably adopt the ______ method of performance appraisal.

A) ranking
B) management by objectives
C) graphic rating
D) behavioral anchored rating

Question 54

______ is mentally classifying a person into an affinity group and then identifying the person as having the same assumed characteristics as the group.

A) Evaluation
B) Bias
C) Ranking
D) Stereotyping

Question 55

In ______ error,the rater evaluates everyone or nearly everyone as below average.

A) severity or strictness
B) halo
C) leniency
D) central tendency

Question 56

Cole's performance appraisal describes his actions along a continuum.For example,when it comes to customer service,he receives a 1 if he regularly ignores customers,a 3 if he regularly greets customers,and a 5 if he regularly greets customers and asks how he can help.It appears Cole is using the ______ method of performance appraisal.

A) ranking
B) management by objectives
C) graphic rating
D) behavioral anchored rating

Question 57

______ error occurs when the rater evaluates everyone as above average.

A) Proximity
B) Leniency
C) Recency
D) Halo

Question 58

In performance appraisal,the ______ may allow managers to write whatever they want or they may be required to answer questions with a written narrative about the employee's performance.

A) behaviorally anchored rating scale form
B) management by objectives method
C) narrative method or form
D) critical incidents method

Question 59

Jungmin is rating his employees on a scale of above average,average,and below average.In other words,Jungmin is using a ______ scale.

A) behaviorally anchored
B) management by objectives
C) narrative
D) graphic rating

Question 60

Most research evidence shows that self-assessments tend to ______ the individual's ability to do a job.

A) underrepresent
B) accurately represent
C) underestimate
D) overestimate

Question 61

With ______ error the rater compares and contrasts performance between two employees,rather than using absolute measures of performance to assess each employee.

A) attribution
B) contrast
C) recency
D) similarity

Question 62

______ errors occur when similar marks are be given to items that are near each other on the performance appraisal form.

A) Proximity
B) Recency
C) Similarity
D) Severity or strictness

Question 63

When Myra was completing a performance appraisal on one of her employees,she rated the employee high on reliability and conscientiousness.The next item on the form was accuracy.Even though the employee was only average on accuracy,Myra gave her a high rating.It is likely Myra made an error due to ______.

A) bias
B) stereotyping
C) distribution
D) proximity

Question 64

______ error occurs when the rater uses only the last few weeks of a rating period as evidence when putting together performance ratings.

A) Severity or strictness
B) Similarity
C) Proximity
D) Recency

Question 65

______ training defines job performance dimensions in more concrete terms,provides samples of behaviors at each performance level,emphasizes the fact that job performance has many dimensions,and allows practice and feedback sessions.

A) Rater accuracy
B) Frame-of-reference
C) Criteria
D) Contrast

Question 66

Trevor is well-liked by his manager and all his coworkers.He is fun to be around and makes people laugh.His work performance is average,but his manager gave him an excellent rating on his performance appraisal.It is likely his manager made an error due to ______.

A) bias
B) stereotyping
C) contrast
D) distribution

Question 67

Brenda dislikes having to fill out performance appraisals on her employees.She vows to sit down and finish them all in one afternoon.She decides to start with her lowest performing employee to get the worst out of the way.Next,she appraises an average performer,but gives excellent ratings.After appraising that first employee,the average performer looks excellent to her.It is likely Brenda made a(n)______ error.

A) contrast
B) attribution
C) recency
D) proximity

Question 68

Han believes that all his employees do a good job.When he gives performance appraisals,he rates everyone as "average" because he thinks that doing a good job is an average rating.In reality,several of Han's employees are excellent and several are below average.It appears Han is making a ______ error in his performance appraisals.

A) recency
B) contrast
C) attributional
D) distributional

Question 69

Binyamin knew his performance appraisal was coming up in one month.He spent that month coming to work early and staying late.As a result,he got an excellent rating on his performance appraisal when his performance for the entire year had only been average.It is likely his manager made a ______ error.

A) bias
B) contrast
C) proximity
D) recency

Question 70

The formal performance appraisal debriefing should be split into two sections,the ______ and ______ appraisal interviews.

A) evaluative; developmental
B) developmental; conductive
C) planning; goal-based
D) retrospective; evaluative

Question 71

The ______ process occurs when the manager communicates to an employee the analysis of the employee's performance.

A) debriefing
B) conducting
C) development
D) preparation

Question 72

Marc's manager saw him come back late from lunch one day.Marc was late because he had been working out a problem with a client.However,Marc's manager assumed Marc just took a long lunch and is a slacker.It is likely his manager made a(n)______ error.

A) stereotyping
B) bias
C) attribution
D) proximity

Question 73

______ error occurs when the rater gives better evaluations to subordinates whom they consider to be like themselves.

A) Leniency
B) Severity or strictness
C) Similarity
D) Proximity

Question 74

Brisa recently had a baby.When she returned from maternity leave,her manager assumed that she would want to work fewer hours and would be distracted by things at home.Although Brisa's performance remained as high as it had been before the baby,her boss gave her lower marks on her performance appraisal.It is likely her manager made an error due to ______.

A) similarity
B) stereotyping
C) proximity
D) contrast

Question 75

______ is the process of observing ongoing employee actions using computers or other nonhuman methods.

A) 360-Degree evaluation
B) Critical incidents method
C) Electronic performance monitoring
D) Narrative method or form

Question 76

Remy is preparing to conduct a performance appraisal.She has scheduled the interview and asked the employee to conduct a self-assessment.She has assessed the employee's performance and identified both strengths and area for improvement.During the interview,she will ask the employee to talk and also listen to the critique of the employee's performance.Remy is preparing for a(n)______ performance appraisal interview.

A) debriefing
B) evaluative
C) behavioral
D) developmental

Question 77

On the first week of his new sales job,Bryan closed a huge sale.Although his work since has been average,he still receives excellent performance appraisal reviews.It is likely his manager is making a ______ error.

A) similarity
B) proximity
C) halo
D) distributional

Question 78

Janay is preparing to conduct a performance appraisal.She has already provided evaluative feedback to the employee.Now she is preparing to discuss areas for improvement based on that evaluative feedback.Janay is preparing for a ______ performance appraisal interview.

A) debriefing
B) management by objectives
C) behavioral
D) developmental

Question 79

Duran went to the same college as his manager.The two often speak of the college's sports and traditions together.Although Duran is a below average performer,his manager gives him an average rating on his performance appraisals.It is likely his manager is making a(n)______ error.

A) contrast
B) attribution
C) similarity
D) recency

Question 80

______ error occurs when the evaluator makes assumptions about the reasons or motivations for an observed behavior.

A) Recency
B) Contrast
C) Attribution
D) Similarity