Deck 32: Physical Activity Mobility

Question 1

Which of the following is true of synarthroses? Joints are:

A) Freely movable
B) Capable of only limited movement
C) Immovable
D) Painful with movement

Answer 1

Immovable

Question 2

The nurse is helping the patient to perform leg exercises after surgery to prevent thrombophlebitis.Which type of muscle is the patient using for these exercises?

A) Skeletal
B) Smooth
C) Cardiac
D) Slow-twitch fibers

Answer 2

Skeletal

Question 3

The nurse planning the care of a frail,malnourished,immobile patient recognizes which of the following as the best treatment to protect the patient's integument?

A) Offering the patient six small meals a day
B) Assisting the patient to sit in a chair three times a day
C) Turning the patient at least every 2 hours
D) Administering fluid boluses as directed by the healthcare provider

Answer 3

Turning the patient at least every 2 hours

Question 4

A healthy 32-year-old man wants to start a fitness program to increase his muscle tone and muscle strength.What advice should the nurse offer him? "The U.S.Department of Health and Human Services recommends:

A) That exercising even once a week is sufficient"
B) 30 minutes or more of moderate-intensity physical activity three times a week"
C) 1 hour, three times a week of moderate-intensity physical activity"
D) 150 to 300 minutes or more of moderate-intensity physical activity per week"

Question 5

A frail,elderly man is admitted to the hospital after a fall at home resulted in a left hip fracture.After surgery,he is to begin ambulating with a walker but must avoid weight bearing on his left lower leg.What is the best intervention to help him use his walker?

A) Aerobic exercise with deep breathing
B) Quadriceps and gluteal repetitions
C) Isometric toning of lower legs
D) Arm resistance training

Question 6

A nurse has been asked to design an exercise program with the goal of increasing a client's muscular strength and endurance.Which exercise program would specifically focus on meeting that goal?

A) Flexibility training
B) Resistance training
C) Aerobic conditioning
D) Anaerobic conditioning

Question 7

What action is most important in limiting the nurse's risk of back injuries?

A) Use good body mechanics at all times.
B) Work with another nurse or an aide when lifting and turning patients.
C) Avoid manual lifting by using assistive devices as often as possible.
D) Develop a lift team at the clinical site.

Question 8

A patient fractured her right ulna 8 weeks ago and has just had her cast removed.The orthopedic surgeon prescribes isometric exercises for the right arm.Which of the following exercises complies with the surgeon's orders?

A) Place a 5-pound dumbbell in the right hand and squeeze; hold the squeeze position for 6 to 8 seconds, and repeat 5 to 10 times.
B) Grasping the right wrist with the left hand, move the right arm up, down, and side to side; hold each position for 6 to 8 seconds, and repeat 5 to 10 times.
C) Grasping the right wrist with the left hand, pull the right arm across the body; hold this position for 6 to 8 seconds, and repeat 5 to 10 times.
D) Press the right hand against a wall; hold this position for 6 to 8 seconds, and repeat 5 to 10 times.

Question 9

A man has been admitted to the hospital unit with a medical diagnosis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).He is receiving supplemental oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula.Which positioning technique will best assist him with his breathing?

A) Fowler's position
B) Sims' position
C) Lateral recumbent position
D) Lateral position

Question 10

To achieve balance,body mass must be distributed around which point?

A) Center of body alignment
B) Center of balance
C) Center of gravity
D) Base of support

Question 11

What would be the most appropriate goal for a frail,elderly patient with a nursing diagnosis of Risk for Injury after hip surgery?

A) Remain free from injury or falls throughout hospital stay.
B) Increase activity tolerance by discharge from hospital.
C) Demonstrate effective breathing when ambulating.
D) Increase mobility by discharge from hospital.

Question 12

Which course of action taken by her patient with osteoporosis would allow the nurse to know that her teaching was effective?

A) Taking a calcium supplement every day and increasing her phosphorous intake
B) Participating in an aerobic barbell strength class at the gym three times a week
C) Using a wheelchair to reduce the risk of spontaneous fractures to her legs and feet
D) Seeking healthcare by scheduling a follow-up examination with bone density testing

Question 13

A teenage boy was hospitalized 3 weeks ago.He has been confined to bed throughout his hospital stay because of a crushed pelvis.His parents tell the nurse,"Our son is just staring off into space; he won't talk to us.We are worried because he has not even listened to his iPod,watched television,or played his video games for 2 days.That is so unlike him." What is the best response the nurse can make?

A) "I will inform his doctor and see whether we can get your son started on an antidepressant medication."
B) "He is at a critical time in his life; teens are often moody, and being in the hospital with an injury will only make that worse."
C) "Your son had a major injury, and his immobility might be causing him to feel isolated and depressed."
D) "He is bored because he has been in the hospital for 3 weeks; I'll try to find something new for him to do."

Question 14

A nurse is caring for a 25-year-old male quadriplegic patient.Which of the following treatments would the nurse perform to decrease the risk of joint contracture and promote joint mobility?

A) Active ROM
B) Turning the patient every 2 hours
C) Passive ROM
D) Administering glucosamine supplements

Question 15

When caring for a patient with osteoporosis,which of the following is the most important action to take to minimize progression of the disease?

A) Take a calcium supplement twice a day.
B) Start a weight-bearing exercise program.
C) Avoid strenuous activity that puts stress on the bones.
D) Schedule regular healthcare checkups.

Question 16

What is the correct method for turning an adult patient who recently sustained a spinal cord injury?

A) Ask the patient to assist with the turn by holding the siderails of the bed.
B) Place a draw sheet under the patient to assist with turning.
C) Request help from another nurse to perform the logrolling technique.
D) Use a mechanical lift for safe turning and protecting the nurse's back.

Question 17

Identify the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for promoting the safety of a frail,elderly patient after hip replacement surgery who also has a history of emphysema.

A) Impaired Mobility related to weakness
B) Ineffective Breathing Pattern related to disease process
C) Activity Intolerance related to injury
D) Risk for Injury related to medical condition

Question 18

An older patient with newly diagnosed osteoporosis asks the nurse to explain her health problem.Which of the following is the correct description of osteoporosis?

A) Loss of bone density that increases the risk of fracture
B) Degenerative joint disease that produces pain and decreased function
C) Chronic inflammatory joint disease that must be treated with steroids
D) Acute infection in the bone that must be treated with antibiotics

Question 19

A 15-year-old patient complains of left ankle pain after being tackled while playing football.He asks the nurse what tests he needs to have to determine whether he has a strain or a fracture.How should the nurse reply?

A) "You don't need an x-ray; I can tell by the way your ankle looks and feels whether you have a strain or fracture."
B) "Sprains, strains, and fractures have similar symptoms at first; you will need an x-ray of the joint to be certain."
C) "We will need to get a venous Doppler study to make sure that there is not a fracture."
D) "First, we need to get an MRI to diagnose your injury as a fracture instead of strain or sprain."

Question 20

A nurse is assessing a healthy,older adult patient for an exercise program to be offered at the local hospital.During the evaluation,the nurse notes the following vital signs: P = 72,RR = 16,BP = 132/70.After 3 minutes of moderate-intensity running on the treadmill,the patient becomes short of breath and states,"I have to stop.I can't do this anymore." The nurse measures his vital signs again: P = 152,RR = 40,BP = 172/98.She instructs him to rest.Vital signs return to baseline after 15 minutes.The nurse should recognize his symptoms as associated with which of the following?

A) Anxiety
B) Orthostatic hypotension
C) Limited activity tolerance
D) Respiratory distress

Question 21

An 82-year-old patient is unsteady on her feet when walking about the room.She reports feeling a little sore but has no complaints of weakness.What is the appropriate piece of equipment to use when helping her ambulate?

A) Crutches
B) Transfer belt
C) Cane
D) Walker

Question 22

Which of the following body systems must interact to produce mobility and locomotion? Select all that apply.

A) Digestive system
B) Muscles
C) Skeleton
D) Nervous system

Question 23

A patient has started a fitness program.What program features illustrate that he has started a well-rounded program? Select all that apply.

A) Flexibility
B) Balance exercises
C) Resistance training
D) Aerobic conditioning
E) None of the above

Question 24

A patient is on strict bedrest for 5 days.During this time,she has not had a bowel movement,although she normally passes stool daily.She describes feeling bloated and uncomfortable.A nursing diagnosis that would best address a patient who is on bed rest is Constipation related to:

A) Change in previous pattern
B) Immobility
C) Dietary intake
D) Change in environment

Question 25

Which of the following patients would you expect to be at risk for decreased activity? Select all that apply.

A) Older adult who walks at the mall for physical activity
B) Someone living in a skilled nursing facility
C) Healthy adult who works as a computer programmer
D) Obese child who enjoys video games

Question 26

The nurse is helping an 82-year-old patient to ambulate in the hallway.Suddenly she states,"I feel so light-headed and weak," as her knees begin to buckle.The nurse's best action at this time would be to:

A) Assist the patient to slide down his leg as he guides her to a seated or lying position
B) Grab her under the arms and hold her up as he calls for assistance
C) Immediately release the transfer device and place a wheelchair behind the patient to prevent a fall
D) Instruct the patient to grab the rail in the hallway while he calls for assistance

Question 27

The nurse providing care to the patient with a fracture explains how bones heal.Which type of cells repair damaged bone and build new bone to keep the skeleton strong?

A) Amphiarthroses
B) Articular cartilage
C) Osteoblasts
D) Osteoclasts

Question 28

The nurse assessing the mobility of a patient with Parkinson's disease might expect to observe which type of gait?

A) Antalgic
B) Propulsive
C) Scissors
D) Steppage

Question 29

A woman with a high-risk pregnancy with triplets is in preterm labor; she is on strict bedrest for 5 days.During this time,she has not had a bowel movement,although she normally passes stool daily.She describes feeling bloated and uncomfortable.What information should the nurse give the patient when explaining constipation?

A) Immobility often causes constipation.
B) A stool softener daily will relieve the problem.
C) Use of a bedpan results in bloating and constipation.
D) A low-fiber diet will resolve the problem.

Question 30

The nurse is instructing a patient about the need to replace fluid before,during,and after exercise to avoid dehydration.On what basis should she teach the patient to determine the amount of fluid to consume? Select all that apply.

A) Duration of exercise
B) Environmental temperature
C) Level of fitness
D) Degree of thirst

Question 31

When encouraging a fitness program for healthy older adults,what must the nurse consider?

A) Older adults should engage in 75 to 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week.
B) More than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity can be harmful to bones.
C) Structured fitness programs achieve greater health benefits for older adults.
D) Older adults at risk for falling should do activities that maintain or improve balance.

Question 32

The nurse attempts to transfer a totally dependent patient from a stretcher to a bed.What is the best step to reduce the musculoskeletal risk factors?

A) Use a mechanical lift to transfer the patient.
B) Use a wide base of support when transferring.
C) Ask a coworker to help transfer the patient unaided.
D) Use transfer roller sheet when transferring.

Question 33

Which of the following actions represent proper body mechanics for nurses providing care as well as teaching patients about safe body movements? Select all that apply.

A) Stand with the body in alignment and erect posture.
B) Bend at the waist to lift heavy objects from the floor.
C) Use a wide base of support with your feet at shoulder width.
D) Keep objects close to your body when carrying them.

Question 34

The nurse teaching a patient about ways to regain strength after a period of prolonged immobility advises the patient to seek assistance from a physical therapist.Which type of exercise is performed using specialized apparatuses that use resistance at a constant,preset speed?

A) Isokinetic
B) Isometric
C) Isotonic
D) Isomorphic

Question 35

The nurse planning care for a patient after severe head trauma and long-term unresponsiveness considers which effect of immobility affecting the lungs? Select all that apply.

A) Atelectasis
B) Hyperventilation
C) Pooled secretions
D) Reactive airway
E) Hypocarbia

Question 36

According to the U.S.Department of Health and Human Services 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans,which of the following statements about the benefits of physical activity is correct?

A) The risks of physical activity outweigh the health benefits.
B) Physical activity in excess of recommendations for age is harmful.
C) Combining aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities promotes better health.
D) Lesser amounts of activity provide little to no health benefits.

Question 37

A 32-year-old with a high spinal cord injury has been admitted to the hospital for antibiotic therapy to treat pneumonia.He lives independently and has developed strong upper-body strength to maximize his independence.Which transfer device should be used when transferring him from the bed to his wheelchair?

A) Mechanical lift
B) Transfer belt
C) Draw sheet
D) Transfer board