Deck 20: A Person-Centred Approach to Assessing the Gastrointestinal System

Question 1

A person says, 'I drink fluids throughout the day but I seem to always be hungry!' Which of the following characterises this person's gastric emptying?

A)Rapid
B)Delayed
C)Sluggish
D)Normal

Answer 1

Normal

Question 2

A person is diagnosed with a vitamin B₁₂ (cyanocobalamin)deficiency. Which stomach cells are impaired for this person?

A)Zymogenic cells
B)Mucous cells
C)Enteroendocrine cells
D)Parietal cells

Answer 2

Parietal cells

Question 3

During the auscultation of a person's abdomen, the nurse observes a high-pitched, tinkling, rushing sound that is followed by several seconds of growling. What is the correct way of documenting this finding?

A)'Normal bowel sounds'
B)'Bruit present'
C)'Borborygmus present'
D)'Frictional rub heard'

Answer 3

'Borborygmus present'

Question 4

A person asks, 'How much calcium should I be taking each day?' How much calcium should the person consume each day?

A)8 mg
B)15 mg
C)150 mg
D)1000 mg

Question 5

The nurse is preparing to assess a person's abdomen. Which assessment technique should this nurse use last?

A)Palpation
B)Percussion
C)Auscultation
D)Inspection

Question 6

A person learns that he has an 'incompetent pyloric sphincter.' What could this person experience?

A)Reduced saliva production
B)Difficulty swallowing solids
C)Pain with digestion of carbohydrates
D)Inconsistent gastric emptying

Question 7

A person tells the nurse about the 'new vitamin pill' she started taking because it won't 'break down until it reaches the large intestine.' Which of the following is correct about the benefits of this vitamin pill?

A)It is better than most.
B)It is excellent.
C)It is average.
D)It is useless.

Question 8

Which statement should the nurse include when instructing a person about the purpose of the gallbladder?

A)It stores bile until needed for digestion of fats.
B)It stores glucose until needed by the body.
C)It acts as a reservoir for excess dietary iron.
D)The gallbladder produces intestinal hormones.

Question 9

A person consumes excessive amounts of vitamins A and E. What condition is this person at risk of developing?

A)Diarrhoea
B)A compensatory increase in vitamin C excretion
C)Constipation
D)Vitamin toxicity

Question 10

An older adult tells the nurse that he is noticing that he wants more 'salt and spices' on his foods. What is this person experiencing?

A)A salt deficiency
B)Hormonal changes
C)An age-related change in taste
D)A vitamin deficiency

Question 11

Which food should a nurse recommend as a good source of folic acid (folate)?

A)Cheese
B)Dark green leafy vegetables
C)Potatoes
D)Meats

Question 12

A person with diabetes tells the nurse that she eats a sweet potato each day because it 'naturally lowers blood sugar levels.' In addition to this information, which vitamin is this person ingesting on a daily basis?

A)Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B₆
C) Vitamin C
D) Vitamin D

Question 13

The nurse advises a person to be careful about taking vitamin supplements containing fat-soluble vitamins because an excess may cause toxicity. Which vitamin is fat soluble?

A)Vitamin A
B)Ascorbic acid
C)Niacin
D)Folic acid

Question 14

Which condition might develop in a person eating a diet high in meat and cheese?

A)Skin lesions
B)Vitamin C excess
C)Increase in adipose tissue
D)Muscle wasting

Question 15

During the calculation of a person's caloric intake, the nurse learns that the person ingests 175 grams of carbohydrates per day. How many kilojoules does this volume of carbohydrate translate into?

A)2900
B)5800
C)11 700
D)26 000

Question 16

A person is coughing immediately after swallowing a piece of food. What might the person have an impairment of?

A)Hard palate
B)Oesophagus
C)Tongue
D)Soft palate

Question 17

A person is taking the oral anticoagulant medication warfarin. Which food should the nurse advise the person to be careful about consuming because it is a source rich in vitamin K?

A)Cauliflower
B)Margarine
C)Citrus fruits
D)Fish

Question 18

A person states, 'My mouth is always dry!' Why might this person experience difficulty in digesting carbohydrates?

A)Saliva contains a vitamin that is needed for carbohydrate catabolism.
B)Saliva contains an enzyme needed for carbohydrate breakdown.
C)Saliva contains a hormone that is needed for carbohydrate anabolism.
D)Saliva contains a mineral that is needed for carbohydrate breakdown.

Question 19

The nurse learns that a person has severely restricted her protein intake because she 'didn't want to gain any weight.' What is this person at risk of developing?

A)Metabolic acidosis
B)Anaerobic metabolism
C)Impaired anabolic processes
D)Extreme weight gain

Question 20

A person with type 2 diabetes says, 'I've never heard about the liver having anything to do with my blood sugar.' Which of the following should the nurse explain to this person?

A)The liver acts as a store of glucagon.
B)The liver releases stored glucose in times of low blood sugar levels.
C)The liver has nothing to do with blood glucose control.
D)The liver produces hormones that affect blood glucose levels.