Question 1

The nurse is setting up a teaching session with an 85-year-old patient who will be going home on anticoagulant therapy. Which educational strategy would reflect consideration of the age-related changes that may exist with this patient?

A) Show a video about anticoagulation therapy.
B) Present all the information in one session just before discharge.
C) Give the patient pamphlets about the medications to read at home.
D) Develop large-print handouts that reflect the verbal information presented.

Accepted Answer

Developing large-print handouts addresses altered perception in two ways. First, by using visual aids to reinforce verbal instructions, one addresses the possibility of decreased ability to hear high-frequency sounds. By developing the handouts in large print, one addresses the possibility of decreased visual acuity. Showing a video does not allow discussion of the information; furthermore, the text and print may be small and difficult to read and understand. Presenting all the information in one session before discharge also does not allow for discussion, and the patient may not be able to hear or see the information sufficiently. Because of the possibility of decreased short-term memory and slowed cognitive function, simply giving pamphlets to read without other teaching strategies may not be appropriate.

Question 2

During an admission assessment, the nurse discovers that the patient does not speak English. Which is considered the ideal resource for translation?&#10;A) A family member of the patient&#10;B) A close family friend of the patient&#10;C) A translator who does not know the patient&#10;D) Prewritten note cards with both English and the patient's language

Accepted Answer

The nurse should communicate with the patient in the patient's native language if at all possible. If the nurse is not able to speak the patient's native language, a translator should be made available so as to prevent communication problems, minimize errors, and help boost the patient's level of trust and understanding of the nurse. In practice, this translator may be another nurse or health care professional, a nonprofessional member of the health care team, or a layperson, family member, adult friend, or religious leader or associate. However, it is best to avoid family members as translators, if possible, because of issues with bias, misinterpretation, and potential confidentiality issues.

Question 3

The nurse is reviewing the teaching plan for a clinic patient who was seen for a sinus infection. Which of these outcomes reflect the affective domain of learning?&#10;A) The patient will take the prescribed antibiotic for the full 14 days of the prescription.&#10;B) The patient will demonstrate correct nasal spray self-administration.&#10;C) The patient will list signs and symptoms that need to be reported immediately if they occur.&#10;D) The patient will list measures to take to reduce allergy triggers at home.

Accepted Answer

The affective domain is the most intangible component of the learning process. Affective behavior is conduct that expresses feelings, needs, beliefs, values, and opinions. Adhering to the prescribed medication regimen is an example of the affective domain. Demonstrating nasal spray self-administration reflects the psychomotor domain; listing signs and symptoms or measures to take both reflect the cognitive domain.

Question 4

When the nurse teaches a skill such as self-injection of insulin to the patient, what is the best way to set up the teaching/learning session?&#10;A) Provide written pamphlets for instruction.&#10;B) Show a video, and allow the patient to practice as needed on his own.&#10;C) Verbally explain the procedure, and provide written handouts for reinforcement.&#10;D) After demonstrating the procedure, allow the patient to do several return demonstrations.

Accepted Answer

Return demonstration allows the nurse to evaluate the patient's newly learned skills. The techniques in the other options are incorrect because those suggestions do not allow for evaluation of the patient's technique.

Question 5

During a nursing assessment, which question by the nurse allows for greater clarification and additional discussion with the patient?&#10;A) &#34;Are you allergic to penicillin?&#34;&#10;B) &#34;What medications do you take?&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Have you had a reaction to this drug?&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Are you taking this medication with meals?&#34;

Accepted Answer

Asking "What medications do you take?" is an open-ended question that will encourage greater clarification and additional discussion with the patient. The other options are examples of closed-ended questions, which prompt only a "yes" or "no" answer and provide limited information.

Question 6

Which are appropriate considerations when the nurse is assessing the learning needs of a patient?&#10;A) Cultural background&#10;B) Family history&#10;C) Level of education&#10;D) Readiness to learn&#10;E) Health beliefs

Accepted Answer

Family history is not a part of what the nurse considers when assessing learning needs. The other options are appropriate to consider when the nurse is assessing learning needs.

Question 7

A 60-year-old patient is on several new medications and expresses worry that she will forget to take her pills. Which action by the nurse would be most helpful in this situation?&#10;A) Teaching effective coping strategies&#10;B) Asking the patient's prescriber to reduce the number of drugs prescribed&#10;C) Assuring the patient that she will not forget once she is accustomed to the routine&#10;D) Assisting the patient with obtaining and learning to use a calendar or pill container

Accepted Answer

Calendars, pill containers, or diaries may be helpful to patients who may forget to take prescribed drugs as scheduled. The nurse must ensure that the patient knows how to use these reminder tools. Teaching coping strategies is a helpful suggestion but will not help with remembering to take medications. Asking the prescriber to reduce the number of drugs that are prescribed is not an appropriate action by the nurse. Assuring the patient that she will not forget is false reassurance by the nurse and inappropriate when education is needed.

Question 8

The nurse is developing a care plan for a patient who will be self-administering a metered-dose inhaler. Which statement reflects a measurable outcome?&#10;A) The patient will know about self-administration of a metered-dose inhaler.&#10;B) The patient will understand the principles of self-administration of a metered-dose inhaler.&#10;C) The patient will demonstrate the proper technique of self-administering a metered-dose inhaler.&#10;D) The patient will comprehend the proper technique of self-administering a metered-dose inhaler.

Accepted Answer

The word demonstrate is a measurable verb, and measurable terms should be used when developing goals and outcome criteria statements. The other options are incorrect because the terms know, understand, and comprehend are not measurable terms.

Question 9

The nurse is teaching an older patient about the use of an incentive spirometer after surgery. Which of these age-related changes are appropriate for the nurse to consider when teaching older patients?

A) Decreased sense of touch
B) Increased conduction of sound
C) Decreased cognitive function
D) Decreased short-term memory
E) Increased ability to concentrate

Accepted Answer

Age-related changes in older adults that may affect learning include a decreased sense of touch, decreased cognitive function, and decreased short-term memory. Sound conduction and ability to concentrate are also decreased.

Question 10

A patient is to receive prednisone 7.5 mg PO daily. The tablets are available in a 2.5-mg strength. Identify how many tablets will the patient receive. _______

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient is to receive prednisone 7.5...

Question 11

A patient with a new prescription for a diuretic has just reviewed with the nurse how to include more potassium in her diet. This reflects learning in which domain?&#10;A) Cognitive&#10;B) Affective&#10;C) Physical&#10;D) Psychomotor

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient with a new prescription for...

Deck 6: Patient Education and Drug Therapy