Deck 6: Republican and Imperial Rome

Question 1

Hannibal planned to defeat Rome by

A)a period of political stability and peace.
B)the start of Pax Romana.
C)serious social and political unrest.
D)an influx of Germanic culture and ideas.

Answer 1

serious social and political unrest.

Question 2

The most important result of the Struggle of the Orders was to

A)extending Roman citizenship to recent immigrants.
B)land reform.
C)strong defense against the Spanish tribes.
D)All of these answers are correct.

Answer 2

land reform.

Question 3

The objects carried by lictors

A)large houses of the aristocracy.
B)large plantations used for growing cash crops and worked by slaves.
C)a political alliance.
D)gladiatorial training schools.

Answer 3

large plantations used for growing cash crops and worked by slaves.

Question 4

The Punic Wars were fought between Rome and

A)invading Italy.
B)persuading Rome's allies to revolt.
C)defeating Rome's allies.
D)All of these answers are correct.

Question 5

Etruscan civilization declined because

A)had control over the finances and foreign policy.
B)was a lawmaking body.
C)was an advisory body which voted by century.
D)None of these answers are correct.

Question 6

Tiberius Gracchus sought to solve the problems facing the Roman republic through

A)made the armies loyal to their generals rather than Rome itself.
B)gave every adult male the right to vote for Senators and consuls.
C)increased the autonomy of the conquered provinces.
D)concentrated political authority in the hands of the tribunes.

Question 7

The reforms of Marius had a dramatic impact on Roman politics because they

A)Pompey,Antony and Cato.
B)Caesar,Pompey and Crassus.
C)Octavian,Antony and Lepidus.
D)Cicero,Caesar and Pompey.

Question 8

The Roman Republic controlled regions that included

A)Egypt.
B)Greece.
C)Carthage.
D)Macedonia.

Question 9

Caesar's reforms sought to

A)had personally offended Brutus and Cassius.
B)had violated the laws of the state.
C)was regarded as a tyrant.
D)had confiscated money from the aristocracy.

Question 10

In the Roman Republic,plebeians were the

A)sacrifice to the gods.
B)maintain the records of the Senate.
C)protect the interests of the patricians.
D)protect the interests of the plebeians.

Question 11

As a result of its conquests during and after the Punic Wars,Rome experienced

A)symbolize the physical power of Roman magistrates.
B)demonstrate that all power in Rome was based solely on symbols.
C)were used to terrorize Roman citizens.
D)were used to punish barbarians found within the city of Rome.

Question 12

Rome's treatment of conquered Italian cities

A)was centered in Spain.
B)did not include Sicily.
C)was based in North Africa.
D)lost Macedonia to Rome in the Punic Wars.

Question 13

Caesar was assassinated because he

A)Mark Antony.
B)Cicero.
C)Augustus.
D)Pompey.

Question 14

The duties of the tribune were to

A)promoted revolt due to harshness.
B)encouraged loyalty with financial subsidies as the reward.
C)promoted loyalty by granting Roman citizenship to faithful allies.
D)was shortsighted and characterized by benign neglect.

Question 15

During the early Republic,the Roman Senate

A)plebeians.
B)tribunes.
C)patricians.
D)questors.

Question 16

The people who governed Rome at the outset of its history and strongly influenced its political and cultural practices were the

A)of an empire that was not firmly based and a Celtic invasion of the Po Valley.
B)a plague reduced the population.
C)an invasion by the Greeks in southern Italy forced them to abandon their principal center,Tarentum.
D)the Romans succeeded in wiping them out in 509 B.C.E.

Question 17

According to Map 6-2,the Carthaginian Empire

A)Germania.
B)Sarmatia.
C)Dalmatia.
D)Egypt.

Question 18

The First Triumvirate was composed of

A)rationalize established procedures while strengthening his own authority.
B)undo the reforms of Sulla.
C)support his de facto position as "king of Rome".
D)better control the military forces.

Question 19

Latifundia were

A)establish a centralized monarchy in Rome under Julius Caesar.
B)give the plebeians a somewhat greater role in Roman government.
C)bring the army into politics and begin a series of civil wars.
D)destroy the economic prosperity of Pax Romana.

Question 20

The class of noble landowners who dominated Roman society and politics during the Republic were known as

A)class of noble landowners.
B)priests in charge of religious worship.
C)mass of ordinary Romans,mostly small farmers.
D)members of the Senate.

Question 21

The most important basis of Augustus' power was

A)were forced to settle in frontier provinces.
B)became true professionals-enlisting for 20 years.
C)were placed in arranged marriages with local women in the areas they were occupying.
D)None of these answers are correct.

Question 22

Under Augustus,members of the armed forces

A)love elegies,and was a favorite of Augustus.
B)love elegies,and was banished by Augustus.
C)epic poetry,and achieved great fame.
D)satire,and became the court poet of Tiberius.

Question 23

After defeating the assassins of Caesar,Octavian's main rival for power was

A)monogamy.
B)fertility.
C)integrity.
D)thrift.

Question 24

Part of Rome's defensive problems during the Crisis of the Third Century were due to an army

A)The traditional military base of the ruling class was decimated by economic losses.
B)Distinctions among the classes by dress virtually disappeared.
C)The most important class distinction was drawn between senators and equestrians.
D)It became more difficult for individuals to move from lower social orders to higher.

Question 25

According to Map 6-6,which of the following groups did not invade the Roman Empire in the 4th and 5th centuries?

A)composed largely of Germanic mercenaries.
B)completely devoid of funding.
C)in which the best troops were used in far-flung campaigns.
D)whose primary loyalties were to foreign religious centers.

Question 26

By the second century C.E.members of the upper classes were reluctant to accept municipal office because

A)the development of the arch
B)the development and widespread use of concrete
C)the great size of structures they could build
D)the Doric column

Question 27

Based on Map 6-4,which of the following was not a major territory within the Roman Empire in 117 C.E.?

A)republic.
B)democracy.
C)constitutional monarchy.
D)dictatorship.

Question 28

The significance of Jesus' resurrection for the early Christians was that it

A)distrustful and repressive.
B)moderate and ambivalent.
C)tolerant and open-minded.
D)disinterested and suspicious.

Question 29

Paul of Tarsus played a major role in early Christianity because he

A)Marcus Aurelius.
B)Diocletian.
C)Constantine.
D)Augustus.

Question 30

The first Roman emperor to adopt Christianity was

A)Visigoths who moved into the Balkans.
B)Sassanids who lived in Persia.
C)Franks who settled in modern France.
D)Huns who invaded from the far East.

Question 31

The Roman imperial policy toward the Christians in the first and second centuries can best be described as

A)translated the Bible into Latin so Romans could read it.
B)spread the message of Jesus to non-Jewish populations.
C)converted Constantine to Christianity.
D)created the office of the Pope.

Question 32

Which of the following was a change seen in Roman social order in the third century C.E.?

A)create an orderly and peaceful method of succession to the throne.
B)increase tax revenues by creating more property owners.
C)promote the spread of Christianity.
D)stabilize the size of the Roman army.

Question 33

Why was the capital moved to Constantinople by Constantine?

A)revived under a series of German-speaking emperors.
B)split into declining Western and still-flourishing Eastern halves.
C)completely collapsed,allowing Arabs to dominate the entire Mediterranean region.
D)broke up into a prosperous northern and poor southern regions.

Question 34

According to Propertius,the virtues of the ideal Roman woman include all of the following except

A)Greece
B)Gaul
C)Germania
D)Egypt

Question 35

The tetrarchy system created by Diocletian was intended to

A)It could easily protect the western and Danubian frontiers.
B)It could control trade into the Black Sea.
C)It was easily defensible.
D)All of these answers are correct.

Question 36

The government established for Rome by Augustus is best described as

A)the aristocracy.
B)the army.
C)the people of Rome.
D)his great wealth.

Question 37

The poet Ovid wrote

A)they were personally responsible for deficits in revenue.
B)they considered the jobs degrading.
C)the army offered better opportunities.
D)they wanted to serve in the emperor's court.

Question 38

The most aggressive of the German tribes in the third century were

A)Vandals
B)Slavs
C)Lombards
D)Franks

Question 39

According to the text,Rome's public spaces were

A)served as evidence that salvation was possible.
B)showed that the laws of science and medicine were illusory.
C)affirmed folk beliefs in ghosts and spirits.
D)gave them hope that he would build a new kingdom to fight Roman rule.

Question 40

Which of the following was not a contribution of the Romans to architecture?

A)dangerous and disreputable.
B)gradually privatized by the wealthy.
C)popular,although they were chaotic and unhygienic.
D)more attractive,more comfortable,and safer than private apartments.

Question 41

What was the "struggle of the orders"? What did the plebeians want? What methods did they use to get what they wanted? To what degree was Roman society different after the struggle ended? Why didn't Rome become a democracy at the conclusion of the struggle?

Question 42

After the 4th century C.E.,the Roman Empire

A)Jesus was a created being and not fully divine.
B)the Christian God had more than three forms.
C)Jesus was of the same substance as God.
D)All of these answers are correct.

Question 43

What issues in the Roman Republic did Gracchi,Marius,Sulla,and Caesar attempt to address? To what extent did they succeed or fail?

Question 44

Marius,Sulla,Pompey,Caesar,and Augustus all tried to achieve and maintain more or less absolute power.But in the end,only Augustus was successful.How can the success of Augustus and the failure of the others be explained? What answers did Augustus provide for the problems which had plagued the republic?

Question 45

Which branch of early Roman government included common citizens?

Question 46

How does the Christian worldview compare to the Roman worldview before the spread of Christianity? What effect do you think the suppression of Christian worship had on the empire? What effects did the official change to Christianity have on the political and cultural life of ancient Rome?

Question 47

What were the political,social and economic problems that beset Rome in the third and fourth centuries C.E.? How did Diocletian and Constantine deal with them? Were they effective in stemming the tide of decline and disintegration in the Roman Empire? What problems were they unable to solve?

Question 48

How does the "Roman mind" differ from the "Greek mind"? Which group was superior in terms of administration,innovation,resourcefulness and ingenuity? Which culture made a more lasting contribution to our modern world?

Question 49

Analyze the changes in Roman government from Augustus through the Julio-Claudian emperors of the first century C.E.What aspects of the Republic changed? What impact did these emperors have on the Roman world?

Question 50

What factors enabled Christianity to triumph over competing religions? What aspects of society and the religion allowed Christianity to attract followers? How did emperors such as Constantine view Christianity and its relationship to the state?

Question 51

What factors led to the decline of the Roman world? Which of the various difficulties Rome faced do you think were the most important in explaining the decline and fall of the Western Roman Empire,and why?

Question 52

Trace the development of Christianity from the life of Jesus through the second century.How did Christianity separate itself from Judaism and what issues affected the development of the new religion? How did the Roman bureaucracy react to Christianity and why?

Question 53

In early Rome,who possessed the power of imperium?

A)the Senate
B)the Gracchi
C)the curiate assembly
D)the imperium

Question 54

Augustine sought in his writings to

A)the Senate
B)the King
C)the curiate assembly
D)the people

Question 55

"Ironically it was the very success of the Roman republic in war and imperial expansion which led to the overthrow of the republic." Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Support your answer.

Question 56

Although the Gracchi ended tragically,do you think their leadership at a crucial moment reminded the Roman populace of its potential power? Or was the state controlled at this time by the aristocracy to such an extent as to deny even the theoretical power of the people?

Question 57

Arianism was condemned as a heresy by the Council of Nicaea because its adherents argued

A)defend paganism.
B)separate the fate of Christianity from the collapse of the Roman World.
C)prove that he should be the next Pope.
D)free Christianity from persecution by the emperors.

Question 58

What new problems had arisen for the Roman Empire during its first two centuries? What could threaten its survival? Would you describe the Empire ca.150 C.E.as strong or as coming apart?