Deck 11: The Byzantine Empire and Western Europe to 1000

Question 1

The great organizer of western monasticism was

A)first conceived as a papal response to the decline of Rome as a center of political power.
B)founded upon evidence from the Bible (Matthew 16:18).
C)not accepted by the bishop of Constantinople,among others.
D)All of these answers are correct.

Answer 1

All of these answers are correct.

Question 2

At the battle of Manzikert in 1071 C.E.

A)was even weaker and more backward than previous eras.
B)expanded and drove the Muslims out of most of the Near East.
C)was generally prosperous and culturally creative.
D)fell to the Huns who made it the first capital of Russia.

Answer 2

was generally prosperous and culturally creative.

Question 3

The Ostrogoths,Visigoths and Vandals entered the Roman Empire as

A)Alaric
B)Odoacer
C)Clovis
D)Attila

Answer 3

Attila

Question 4

The doctrine of "papal primacy" was

A)doctrine of "papal primacy."
B)filioque clause of the Nicene Creed.
C)iconoclastic controversy.
D)All of these answers are correct.

Question 5

Islamic influence on western culture during the Middle Ages included all of the following except:

A)Bernard of Clairvaux.
B)Benedict of Nursia.
C)Anthony of Egypt.
D)Athanasius.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the political landscape of the world between 400 and 1000 C.E.(i.e.the early Middle Ages)?

A)Greco-Roman culture.
B)Germanic culture.
C)Slavic culture.
D)Roman Christianity.

Question 7

Which of the following was NOT a contribution of monasticism to medieval European society?

A)John Cassian.
B)Benedict of Nursia.
C)Athanasius.
D)Martin of Tours.

Question 8

Hermit monasticism was founded by

A)Monks helped preserve literacy and learning.
B)Monks served rulers as government agents and officials.
C)Monks recruited feudal vassals.
D)Monks promoted economic organization and growth.

Question 9

In 732 C.E.at the battle of Tours

A)astronomy.
B)mathematics.
C)law.
D)medicine.

Question 10

According to Map 11-1,which invaders approached the heart of the Roman Empire from the southwest?

A)Arian Christians.
B)orthodox.
C)pagans.
D)monophysites.

Question 11

The Germanic group that adopted Roman Christianity first and then helped convert other barbarian peoples from Arianism or paganism to Catholicism was

A)reconquering the west.
B)editing of the Qur'an.
C)collation and revision of a Roman law code.
D)building the Hagia Sophia church.

Question 12

The split between the eastern and western churches was based upon the

A)collect taxes.
B)administer districts.
C)pacify neighboring tribes.
D)None of these answers are correct.

Question 13

All of the following were characteristics of the synthesis of Roman and Germanic cultures during the early Middle Ages except:

A)the Angles.
B)the Saxons.
C)the Goths.
D)the Franks.

Question 14

The Byzantine ruler Justinian is best known for

A)sat next to the emperor.
B)received and entertained foreign diplomats.
C)could speak to people in Greek.
D)commanded the imperial navy.

Question 15

Which of the following is not true about the relationship of the Byzantine Empire and Western Europe?

A)the Byzantines suffered a major defeat at the hands of the Seljuk Turks.
B)the Franks,under Charlemagne,stopped a Muslim invasion of France.
C)the Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV defeated the Hungarians.
D)None of these answers are correct.

Question 16

Based on the writings of Procopius,empress Theodora seemed to wield more power than previous empresses because she

A)The Byzantines were a protective barrier for the West against Muslim attack.
B)The Byzantines were a source of classical knowledge to the West.
C)The Byzantines helped the Pope organize and lead Western Christianity.
D)The Byzantines provided the West with a model of a civilized society.

Question 17

In general,the Germanic peoples who dominated Western Europe after the 5th century C.E.

A)Ostrogoths
B)Huns
C)Vandals
D)Visigoths

Question 18

All of the following were part of the cultural synthesis that led to the birth of a distinctive European set of institutions and forms except:

A)had little respect or use for Roman culture.
B)admired Roman culture and did not try to destroy it.
C)sought to replace Roman culture with Byzantine culture.
D)None of these answers are correct.

Question 19

In general,during the so-called Dark Ages in Western Europe from 500-1000 C.E.,the Byzantine Empire

A)Germanic tribes defeated the Roman army.
B)Arab expansion into western Europe was halted.
C)Spain was recaptured from the Muslims.
D)the Hunnish advance was permanently halted.

Question 20

Who was called the "scourge of God"?

A)Latin language.
B)Nicene Christianity.
C)maritime exploration.
D)Roman law.

Question 21

The main reason Charlemagne created a palace school at his capital in Aachen was his

A)partitioned the Carolingian Empire.
B)established peace between the Franks and Muslims.
C)created the "Papal States."
D)None of these answers are correct.

Question 22

The Byzantine emperor Leo III's relationship with the church was strained because of his opposition to the

A)demands of serfs for greater rights.
B)competing claims of kings and powerful nobles.
C)struggle of cities for the right of self-rule.
D)definition of who belonged to the Christian community of faith.

Question 23

The most persistent problem in medieval European politics was the

A)Carolingian
B)Ottonian
C)Clovian
D)Merovingian

Question 24

Invasions in the 800s and 900s

A)slaves,small farms,and dominant local lords,.
B)vassals,fiefs,and weak central government.
C)agricultural production,fealty,and active trade,.
D)invasion,benefices,and strong central authority.

Question 25

The relationship between the Franks and the papacy can best be summarized as

A)Sorbs.
B)Bohemians.
C)Serbs.
D)Croatians.

Question 26

Fiefs were

A)all that the church could have hoped for.
B)mutually destructive.
C)mutually beneficial.
D)advantageous only to the Franks.

Question 27

The coronation of Charlemagne by Pope Leo III

A)the castles that protected monasteries.
B)lands owned directly by the king and his family.
C)landed estates or farms owned by the nobles and worked by unfree peasants.
D)land given by the Church to nobles who went on Crusades.

Question 28

The Treaty of Verdun

A)Vikings,Magyars,and Muslims.
B)Visigoths,Huns,and Vikings
C)Arabs,Goths,and Magyars
D)Huns,Goths,and Arabs

Question 29

It was the policy of the Carolingians to use the church to

A)filioque clause.
B)church's close association with the Lombards.
C)use of icons in the church.
D)All of these answers are correct.

Question 30

Feudal society is best characterized by

A)a share of their crops
B)military service and loyalty
C)yearly gifts of gold and trade goods
D)celebrations of the Christian mass

Question 31

Clovis founded which dynasty?

A)lands bestowed on noblemen in return for military aid.
B)Germanic acts of valor and fidelity.
C)judgments in Germanic law which were decided after an ordeal.
D)nobles who fought next to the king.

Question 32

The missi dominici were

A)worked as an apprentice in a guild.
B)lived in a monastery.
C)swore homage and fealty to a king.
D)was an unfree peasant living on a manor.

Question 33

The primary contribution of the moldboard plow to western civilization was that it

A)improved agricultural productivity.
B)aided engineers in road construction.
C)contributed to the switch from infantry to cavalry based armies.
D)removed snow from Alpine passes, facilitating trade.

Question 34

The Frankish ruler Charlemagne was famous for

A)a revival of learning and the arts.
B)establishment of a long-lasting empire in central Europe.
C)coronation by the pope as an heir to Roman emperors.
D)All of these answers are correct.

Question 35

Carolingian minuscule was a

A)clearer style of handwriting.
B)form of decorative illustration.
C)curriculum of study in Charlemagne's schools.
D)None of these answers are correct.

Question 36

In medieval Europe,manors were

A)imperial bodyguards.
B)officials of Charlemagne sent throughout his realm to administer justice.
C)monks who guarded the morals of Charlemagne's Empire; they were ultimately unsuccessful.
D)None of these answers are correct.

Question 37

Who invaded Europe in the ninth and tenth centuries?

A)promoted the development of feudalism.
B)encouraged the growth of trade and commerce.
C)led to the re-emergence of strong,centralized kingdoms in Europe.
D)helped spread the Black Death.

Question 38

In medieval Europe,a serf was someone who

A)Ireland
B)Rome
C)Central Europe
D)Byzantine

Question 39

In medieval Europe,what did vassals owe to their lord in return for protection and a fief?

A)improved agricultural productivity.
B)aided engineers in road construction.
C)contributed to the switch from infantry to cavalry based armies.
D)removed snow from Alpine passes,facilitating trade.

Question 40

Which of the following was the biggest "failure" of Charlemagne's reign

A)He never solved the problem of creating a loyal bureaucracy.
B)He never resolved the conflicts between Roman and Orthodox Christians.
C)He never developed an efficient military force.
D)All of these answers are correct.

Question 41

Compare and contrast the advance of Islam as it impacted Western Europe and Byzantium.What factors led to the success or failure of Islam against the Christian world?

Question 42

Discuss the urban planning of Constantinople.How was the city planned? What does this organization say about Byzantine culture? Can you tell that the city was built on earlier habitation? If so what might give this away? Does the city have any obvious strategic importance? If so what? Compare this to Chinese Tang urbanization using Map 8-2.

Question 43

The concept of "liege lord" recognized the fact that a

Question 44

Based on Map 11-6,which region of Europe was relatively unaffected by the series of invasions during the Middle Ages?

A)multi-cultural and inclusive
B)simplistic and minimalistic
C)aggressively Germanic
D)Classically Roman

Question 45

Justinian is considered by many historians to be the greatest Byzantine emperor.What were his main policies,innovations,and primary achievements? What was the particular importance of his law code? Compare his reign to earlier Roman emperors,such as Caesar Augustus,and to Charlemagne.What are the similarities and differences? Do you think that he deserves his historical reputation? Why or why not?

Question 46

Trace the history of Christianity down to the coronation of Charlemagne in 800.What distinctive features characterized the early church? What role did the church play in the world after the fall of the western empire?

Question 47

Discuss the political structure that emerged during the Early Middle Ages.What function did vassalage serve? Evaluate the relative efficiency of the vassalage system.What other alternatives,if any,might Europeans have explored?

Question 48

In what ways did the Carolingian "renaissance" represent a "rebirth" or "reawakening" of learning? What were its primary achievements?

Question 49

Why did Charlemagne encourage learning at his court? How could the Carolingian renaissance have been dangerous to Charlemagne's rule?

Question 50

The Christian Church received much of the Roman "spirit." Where do you see this "spirit" evident in the church,and especially in the monastic rules of St.Benedict as contained in the text?

Question 51

Trace the growth of the Frankish kingdom,including its relations with the church,down to Charlemagne.Then describe Charlemagne,the man and the ruler,and his society.How and why did his empire break up?

Question 52

Detail the successive invasions of Europe after the fall of Rome.Who were the invaders and why did they invade? What were their similarities and differences? Many historians believe that these invasions greatly altered the institutions of Europe; how did they do so and what aspects were most affected?

Question 53

Compare and contrast the achievements of the Carolingians to those of the Byzantines.What challenges did each civilization face,and how successful were they in meeting them?

Question 54

Compare and contrast the administration of the Carolingian Empire with the administration of the Roman Empire in the first two centuries C.E.With an even greater territory to govern,why was Rome more successful?

Question 55

The scholars of the Renaissance viewed the early Middle Ages in Europe as the Dark Ages and believed that it represented a step backwards in terms of culture,education,and government from the highpoint of ancient Greece and Rome.Assess the validity of this perception.What reasons might we have to qualify or dismiss it?

Question 56

How did the Empress Theodora serve as a role model for women in the Byzantine world? How did her power and involvement in affairs of the state create controversy? What was her impact on the Byzantine world?

Question 57

Which is the most accurate summary of the style of religious imagery used in Carolingian illuminated manuscripts?

A)vassal's allegiance was normally to the peasants he had sworn to protect.
B)vassal could not be asked to obey a lord whose authority did not come from god.
C)man could become a vassal to several different lords.
D)All of these answers are correct.