Question 1

How is extravasation different from infiltration?&#10;A) Infiltration occurs in the hand,whereas extravasation occurs in the arm.&#10;B) Both conditions lead to swelling,but extravasation causes tissue damage.&#10;C) Infiltration is swelling accompanied by pain,whereas extravasation is not painful.&#10;D) Extravasation causes phlebitis along with tissue swelling,whereas infiltration causes fluid overload along with swelling.

Accepted Answer

Both conditions result from leakage of fluid out of the vein and into surrounding tissues.Infiltration,although uncomfortable,does not result in tissue damage.Extravasation results directly or indirectly in tissue damage.If the damage is severe enough,tissue can become necrotic and slough.

Question 2

Which term describes how much fluid is to be infused intravenously?&#10;A) Rate&#10;B) Infusion&#10;C) Volume&#10;D) Duration

Accepted Answer

The volume is the amount to be infused.The rate is the speed of the infusion.The infusion is just the term used to describe the act of running IV fluids into a blood vessel.The duration is how long in minutes or hours an IV infusion is order to run.

Question 3

The intravenous (IV)site of a patient who has been receiving IV therapy for 2 days is red and has a small amount of pus oozing from around the needle.What is your action?&#10;A) Document the finding as an expected response to long-term IV therapy as the only action.&#10;B) Immediately notify the prescriber to get an order to discontinue the IV therapy.&#10;C) Use an iodine solution to clean the site and replace the dressing.&#10;D) Discontinue the IV therapy and notify the prescriber.

Accepted Answer

An infected infusion site is an indication to immediately discontinue the IV therapy.An order is not needed under these circumstances,but the prescriber should be notified.

Question 4

What is the most important advantage for intravenous (IV)infusion of drugs?&#10;A) Anyone can administer IV drugs.&#10;B) The drug reaches the bloodstream immediately.&#10;C) Drugs given intravenously cost less than drugs given orally.&#10;D) The patient is not required to be alert to swallow the drug.

Accepted Answer

Drugs administered by IV infusion are immediately in the bloodstream and reach their target tissues fastest.This means that both the drug benefits (intended actions)and any adverse actions can happen more quickly.IV drugs tend to cost more than oral drugs.Although the patient does not have to be alert to receive IV drugs,it is not their main advantage.Administering IV drugs can only be performed by a skilled health care provider.

Question 5

How does the &#34;drop factor&#34; affect IV infusions?&#10;A) Fluid with a larger drop factor infuses more slowly than fluid with a smaller drop factor.&#10;B) Smaller drop factors occur with smaller needles (or cannulas)and larger drop factors occur with larger needles.&#10;C) The smaller the drop factor,the fewer the number of drops needed to administer 1 mL of infusion fluid.&#10;D) The larger the drop factor,the fewer the number of drops needed to administer 1 mL of infusion fluid.

Accepted Answer

The drop factor is the number of drops (gtt)needed to make 1 mL of IV fluid.The larger the drop,the fewer drops needed to make 1 mL.

Question 6

A patient is receiving an intravenous (IV)infusion of 1000 mL normal saline solution containing 60 mEq/L of potassium chloride over 6 hours.How many mEq of potassium chloride are delivered per 10 mL of this solution?

A) 0.06
B) 0.6
C) 6
D) 60

Accepted Answer

The amount of potassium is evenly distributed throughout the 1000 mL.Thus the potassium amount is proportional.60 mEq are in 1000 mL,6 mEq are in 100 mL,0.6 mEq are in 10 mL,and 0.06 mEq are in 1 mL.

Question 7

Under which conditions should a microdrip setup for an IV infusion always be used?&#10;A) When the patient is an infant&#10;B) When whole blood is to be infused&#10;C) When the patient has only a few veins available for infusion&#10;D) When a very large amount of fluid needs to be infused quickly

Accepted Answer

An infant has a small normal fluid volume and an IV that runs in too fast can cause fluid overload,sometimes with heart failure.Using a microdrip setup helps prevent a too rapid infusion rate.

Question 8

Which drop factor allows the greatest volume of intravenous fluid to be delivered per hour at a drip rate of 50 gtt per minute?&#10;A) 10&#10;B) 15&#10;C) 20&#10;D) 60

Accepted Answer

A drop factor of 10 means that 10 gtt equal 1 mL.At a drip rate of 50 gtt/min,a drop factor of 10 delivers 5 mL/min or 300 mL/h.At a drip rate of 50 gtt/min,a drop factor of 15 delivers 3.3 mL/min or 188 mL/h.At a drip rate of 50 gtt/min,a drop factor of 20 delivers 2.5 mL/min or 150 mL/h.At a drip rate of 50 gtt/min,a drop factor of 60 delivers 0.8 mL/min or 50 mL/h.

Question 9

Which problem is a major disadvantage of an intravenous (IV)pump?&#10;A) The alarms are so sensitive that nurses tend to ignore them when they sound frequently.&#10;B) Patients and families can override the automatic features and reset the infusion rate.&#10;C) It can &#34;run away&#34; and cause a patient to experience fluid overload.&#10;D) It can continue to push fluid into the tissue when infiltration occurs.

Accepted Answer

IV pumps push fluid into the patient at a rate greater than gravity and can continue to push even when resistance is increased.Infiltration or extravasation may not be detected by the machine until the situation is serious.

Question 10

Which precaution is most important to teach a patient who is receiving intravenous (IV)drug therapy?&#10;A) &#34;Turn on your call light if the IV machine starts to beep for any reason.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Do not use the arm that has the IV running in it for any reason whatsoever.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Call me immediately if you start to feel any pain or burning in the arm with the IV.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;If you think the IV is running too slowly,just push the up-arrow button on the machine once or twice.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Pain and burning at the site are indicators of infiltration and extravasation.These indicators must be investigated as soon as they start to prevent tissue damage.Although it is helpful for the patient to alert someone that the machine is beeping,it is not the most important precaution.The patient should never be told to adjust the flow rate.Depending on the specific location of the needle,the arm with the IV can be used gently.

Question 11

On an infusion pump,what does the abbreviation &#34;VTBI&#34; indicate?&#10;A) Amount of fluid already infused&#10;B) Amount of fluid remaining in the bag or bottle&#10;C) Total amount of fluid prescribed for the day&#10;D) How fast the infusion should be run

Accepted Answer

The answer of On an infusion pump,what does the abbreviation...

Question 12

An IV infusion order for a patient reads &#34;1000 mL dextrose 5% in normal saline intravenously,immediately.&#34; What additional information does the prescriber need to provide for it to be a valid order?&#10;A) Drip rate&#10;B) Drop factor&#10;C) Duration&#10;D) Start time

Accepted Answer

The answer of An IV infusion order for a patient...

Question 13

What does the term infiltration mean?&#10;A) Leakage of intravenous fluid into the surrounding tissue&#10;B) Infusion of intravenous fluids at a faster rate than was prescribed&#10;C) Plugging up or clotting off the needle during intravenous infusion&#10;D) Infusion of intravenous fluids without the use of a pump or controller

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does the term infiltration mean?&#10;A) Leakage...

Question 14

How many drops per milliliter (mL)does a microdrip chamber and tubing provide?&#10;A) 15&#10;B) 20&#10;C) 60&#10;D) 100

Accepted Answer

The answer of How many drops per milliliter (mL)does a...

Question 15

A patient is to receive 1000 mL intravenously of dextrose 5% in lactated Ringer's solution in 8 hours.When you check the intravenous (IV)bag after 2 hours,700 mL remain in the bag.How many milliliters have already infused?

A) 100
B) 300
C) 700
D) 1000

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient is to receive 1000 mL...

Question 16

A patient is to receive 125 mL of intravenous fluid per hour and the drop factor is 10 gtt/mL.You count the 15-second drip rate to be 8 gtt/min.What is your best action?&#10;A) Nothing,the IV flow rate is correct.&#10;B) Turn the rate down to 5 gtt/15 s.&#10;C) Turn the rate up to 11 gtt/15 s.&#10;D) Turn the rate up to 15 gtt/15 s.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient is to receive 125 mL...

Question 17

While examining a patient's peripheral intravenous (IV)site,you observe a red streak along the length of the vein.On palpation,the vein feels hard and cordlike.What is your best action?&#10;A) Check for a blood return and notify the prescriber.&#10;B) Discontinue the infusion and remove the IV needle.&#10;C) Apply ice packs to the vein and continue the infusion.&#10;D) Change the IV fluid to normal saline and redress the site.

Accepted Answer

The answer of While examining a patient's peripheral intravenous (IV)site,you...

Question 18

What sign or symptom is an indication of IV extravasation?&#10;A) Fever&#10;B) Purulent drainage&#10;C) Pain at the infusion site&#10;D) Strong blood return when the IV bag is positioned below the level of the IV site

Accepted Answer

The answer of What sign or symptom is an indication...

Question 19

What will the drip rate of an intravenous infusion with a drop factor of 20 need to be in order to deliver 1000 mL in 8 hours?&#10;A) 13 gtt/min&#10;B) 31 gtt/min&#10;C) 42 gtt/min&#10;D) 60 gtt/min

Accepted Answer

The answer of What will the drip rate of an...

Question 20

If an IV scheduled to have a duration of 6 hours is started at 5:00 p.m. ,what is the expected stop time?&#10;A) 5:00a.m.&#10;B) 11:00a.m.&#10;C) 1:00a.m.&#10;D) 11:00A.m.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If an IV scheduled to have a...

Question 21

A patient's IV is supposed to have a drip rate of 42 gtt/min.You count 8 gtt in 15 seconds.What is your best action?&#10;A) Nothing,the IV flow rate is correct.&#10;B) Increase the drip rate to 10 gtt/15 seconds.&#10;C) Increase the drip rate to 15 gtt/15 seconds.&#10;D) Decrease the drip rate to 6 gtt/15 seconds.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient's IV is supposed to have...

Question 22

A patient is to receive 100 mL of normal saline over the next 5 hours with microdrip tubing.How many drops per minute are required to infuse this fluid in the prescribed time?&#10;_____ gtt per minute

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient is to receive 100 mL...

Question 23

A patient is to receive 1000 mL of D₅W intravenously over 6 hours.The tubing set has a drop factor of 15 gtt/mL.How many drops per minute are needed to infuse this fluid in the prescribed time?
_____ gtt per minute

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient is to receive 1000 mL...

Question 24

What is the hourly flow rate for 250 mL of normal saline to be administered over 2 hours?&#10;_____ mL/h

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the hourly flow rate for...

Deck 5: Dosage Calculation of Intravenous Solutions and Drugs