Deck 7: The Jeffersonian Era Key

Question 1

In the early eighteenth century,the Americans Robert Fulton and Robert Livingston

A) launched America's first railroad engine, the Clermont, in 1807.
B) invented the steam engine.
C) developed the nation's first merchant marine.
D) made significant advances in steam-powered navigation.
E) brought the first steam engines from England to the United States.

Answer 1

made significant advances in steam-powered navigation.

Question 2

Noah Webster thought every American schoolboy should be educated

A) to appreciate European culture.
B) in Greek and Latin.
C) in community service.
D) as a nationalist.
E) in a skilled trade.

Answer 2

as a nationalist.

Question 3

The cotton gin was invented by

A) Albert Gallatin.
B) Samuel Slater.
C) Robert Fulton.
D) Eli Whitney.
E) Moses Brown.

Answer 3

Eli Whitney.

Question 4

The religious concept of deism

A) argued for a remote God that had withdrawn from human affairs.
B) All these answers are correct.
C) was frowned upon by educated Americans such as Jefferson and Franklin.
D) challenged many of the ideas that had emerged in the Enlightenment.
E) emphasized the role of God in the world.

Question 5

The first American medical school was established at

A) the University of Pennsylvania.
B) William and Mary.
C) Harvard.
D) Columbia.
E) the University of North Carolina.

Question 6

Eli Whitney is a major figure in American technology for introducing the

A) steam engine.
B) steel plow.
C) mechanized assembly line.
D) first modern factory.
E) concept of interchangeable parts.

Question 7

Thomas Jefferson believed American Indians were primitive people

A) who might become civilized through exposure to white culture.
B) with no redemptive qualities.
C) who nevertheless had an education system worth emulating.
D) who should be completely separated from white society.
E) who had been greatly mistreated by white Americans.

Question 8

In the early nineteenth century,school education was largely the responsibility of

A) individual parents.
B) individual cities and towns.
C) the federal government.
D) the states.
E) private institutions.

Question 9

In the study of medicine during the early nineteenth century,

A) municipal leaders sought better public awareness of sanitation to reduce diseases.
B) most doctors received their training by working with an established physician.
C) most physicians spoke out against the practice of bleeding and purging.
D) anatomy became the leading contributor to medical knowledge.
E) physicians found the public remarkably receptive to new discoveries and innovations.

Question 10

The Second Great Awakening

A) was consistent with the ideas of the Enlightenment.
B) began as an effort by church establishments to revitalize their organizations.
C) helped promote universalism and unitarianism.
D) rejected the idea of the Trinity.
E) was confined to New England.

Question 11

Around 1800,higher education in the United States

A) served about two percent of the white men in the country.
B) was increasingly becoming dominated by public institutions.
C) saw the number of colleges and universities growing substantially.
D) gave access to women, blacks, and Indians.
E) began to admit many more poor citizens than before.

Question 12

The writer Judith Sargent Murray argued that women

A) should have a role in society apart from their husbands.
B) All these answers are correct.
C) should have opportunities to earn their own livings.
D) were equal to men in intellect and potential.
E) should have the same educational opportunities as men.

Question 13

Regarding education,early-nineteenth-century Republicans favored

A) a nationwide system of free public schools for all male citizens.
B) free college education for all white male citizens of the republic.
C) the federal government paying the costs of primary schools.
D) private schools as the primary institutions of learning.
E) the practice that only the children of elite families received an education.

Question 14

Religious skepticism resulted in

A) the disestablishment of the Anglican Church.
B) both the philosophy of "unitarianism" and a wave of revivalism.
C) the decline of universalism.
D) a growth of commitment to organized churches and denominations.
E) no discernible effect on American religious life.

Question 15

The revivalism of the Second Great Awakening

A) fostered an anti-egalitarian religious ethos.
B) encouraged racial unrest.
C) was rejected by the black American community.
D) pacified opponents of slavery.
E) was largely limited to white Americans.

Question 16

The invention of the cotton gin in the late eighteenth century

A) led to a great increase in the production of long-staple cotton.
B) allowed for the introduction of cotton in southern coastal states.
C) reduced the total number of slaves in the American South.
D) None of these answers is correct.
E) had a profound effect on the textile industry in New England.

Question 17

The message of the Second Great Awakening

A) restored the traditional belief in predestination.
B) incorporated the belief of skeptical rationalism.
C) was rejected by most women as being retrograde and reactionary.
D) found its greatest number of converts among young men.
E) called for an active and fervent piety.

Question 18

The writer Washington Irving is best remembered for his

A) work on George Washington.
B) works on Philadelphia society.
C) role in the American Revolution.
D) works about Ichabod Crane and Rip Van Winkle.
E) works on the Mohican Indians.

Question 19

During the Second Great Awakening,the Indian revivalist Handsome Lake called for

A) an armed Indian rebellion against white American society.
B) the return of lands taken from Indian tribes by the United States.
C) the adoption by Indian tribes of white American culture.
D) the United States to live up to its broken treaties with Indian tribes.
E) the restoration of traditional Indian culture.

Question 20

The expansion of the medical profession during the early nineteenth century resulted in a

A) broad increase in the number of hospitals.
B) decline in midwives.
C) significant gain in the general body of medical knowledge.
D) large jump in average life expectancy.
E) rapid rise in care for the disabled.

Question 21

In his first term,President Thomas Jefferson

A) aggressively used the military to assert American interests abroad.
B) argued for mandatory military service to mold and improve citizens.
C) increased the size of the navy.
D) helped establish a military academy at West Point.
E) increased the size of the army.

Question 22

The chief designer of the capital city of Washington was

A) Guy Dupont.
B) Robert Fulton.
C) Pierre L'Enfant.
D) Daniel Burnham.
E) Thomas Jefferson.

Question 23

During his first term,President Thomas Jefferson

A) restricted the sale of government lands to western settlers.
B) eliminated all internal taxes.
C) sought to create a tax on personal income.
D) saw a doubling of the national debt.
E) drastically increased government spending.

Question 24

In 1800,Washington,D.C.,

A)had grown in size equal to Philadelphia.
B)had yet to be occupied by the national government.
C)had 13,200 residents,according to the census.
D)was little more than a simple village.
E)was widely recognized as a city built on a grand scale.

Question 25

John Marshall was

A) appointed chief justice of the Supreme Court by Thomas Jefferson.
B) a former vice president of the United States.
C) a Republican.
D) chief justice of the Supreme Court at the time of Marbury v. Madison.
E) secretary of state in the Jefferson administration, and Madison's successor.

Question 26

During the Jefferson administration,the British claimed the right to stop American merchant ships and seize

A) vessels that had deserters on board from British ships.
B) any slaves found on board.
C) any persons they chose.
D) all military cargo.
E) naturalized Americans born on British soil.

Question 27

As president,Thomas Jefferson

A) only served one term.
B) tended to keep talented Federalists in office despite objections from Republicans.
C) sought to convey the public image of a plain, ordinary citizen.
D) gave the White House its name.
E) believed in a passive presidency.

Question 28

Napoleon decided to sell the entire Louisiana Territory to the United States in part because

A) the British had threatened to invade the territory.
B) he wanted full control of the port of New Orleans in exchange.
C) the French army on the American continent had been decimated by disease.
D) he believed the Louisiana Territory was a "great desert" unfit for habitation.
E) he needed the United States to contribute military forces on the continent in his war against Britain.

Question 29

The explorations of Zebulon Pike

A) included Pike's successful climb to the top of the peak that now bears his name.
B) ended with his death at the hands of Choctaw Indians.
C) were hampered by Pike's old age and infirm health.
D) convinced many Americans that the land between the Missouri River and the Rocky Mountains was undesirable.
E) convinced President Jefferson to form reservations for Indians.

Question 30

In the early nineteenth century,many members of Congress

A)had to live in tents when in Washington,D.C.
B)stayed in Washington year-round.
C)considered their state legislatures to be more prestigious political bodies.
D)had to live in tents in Washington,D.C.,year-round,and considered their state legislatures to be more prestigious political bodies.
E)None of these answers is correct.

Question 31

In 1804,the Federalists known as the Essex Junto

A) feared that the United States might be divided by secessionists.
B) attempted to interest Napoleon in reclaiming Louisiana.
C) were led by Alexander Hamilton.
D) feared the westward growth of the United States.
E) believed slavery could not be allowed to expand into the territories.

Question 32

The Lewis and Clark expedition

A) never made it to the Pacific Coast.
B) was first planned after the Louisiana Purchase was made.
C) was led by two men who had little experience with Indians.
D) saw both leaders die before the expedition was complete.
E) was assisted by the guide Sacajawea.

Question 33

In the United States during the early nineteenth century,horse racing

A) never developed wide appeal in the United States.
B) was considered a form of gambling and was banned in most towns.
C) was bound by lines of race and class.
D) was considered a waste of valuable horses and frowned upon.
E) first became a spectator sport.

Question 34

In 1802,what spurred President Jefferson to seek the building of a river fleet and to give the impression that the United States might ally with Great Britain?

A) a new French regulation restricting the use of the port of New Orleans by American ships
B) the capture of the island of Santo Domingo by a black revolutionary force
C) a growing incidence of Indian attacks on western settlers
D) a Spanish attempt to readjust the northern border of its Florida colony
E) the arrival of a French invasion fleet near New York

Question 35

The Supreme Court's ruling in the case of Marbury v.Madison (1803)

A)stated that the states had the power to nullify an act of Congress with the support of the Court.
B)stated that the Supreme Court had the power to nullify an act of Congress,and ordered Secretary of State Madison to deliver Marbury his commission.
C)ordered Secretary of State Madison to deliver Marbury his commission.
D)stated that Congress had no authority to expand the power of the Supreme Court,and that the Supreme Court had the power to nullify an act of Congress.
E)stated that Congress had the authority to expand the power of the Supreme Court.

Question 36

The early nineteenth century in America is known as the "turnpike era" because

A) most towns and villages became connected by a network of inexpensive roads.
B) concrete was first developed as a long-life road surface.
C) many roads were built for profit by private companies.
D) the federal government provided free land to road construction companies.
E) Americans stopped transporting goods by canal in favor of roads.

Question 37

Under the treaty terms for the Louisiana Purchase,

A) the land boundaries were not clearly defined.
B) residents living in Louisiana were to be made citizens of France.
C) the United States would gain exclusive access to the port of New Orleans.
D) the United States agreed to make annual payments to France for twenty years.
E) the United States had to remain neutral in the war between England and France.

Question 38

The duel between Aaron Burr and Alexander Hamilton was the result of

A) Hamilton's election as governor of New York.
B) a business failure between them.
C) a dispute over a woman.
D) Burr's belief that Hamilton's malevolence had cost him the New York governor's race.
E) Burr's attempt to capture Mexico from the Spanish.

Question 39

Population data of the United States in 1800 reveals

A) fifteen percent of the population lived in towns of more than 8,000.
B) no American city had a population larger than 28,000.
C) the nation remained overwhelmingly agrarian.
D) New York was the most populous city in the country.
E) ten percent of the non-Indian population lived in towns of more than 8,000.

Question 40

When Thomas Jefferson received the treaty for the Louisiana Purchase,he

A) assumed the French would not honor its terms.
B) was unsure of his constitutional authority to accept it.
C) angrily fired Livingston and Monroe for insubordination.
D) insisted on numerous revisions before accepting it.
E) felt his government had been asked to pay too much for it.

Question 41

At the Battle of Horseshoe Bend,in 1814,Andrew Jackson

A) turned back the British invasion from the Southwest.
B) viciously broke the resistance of the Creek.
C) defeated the Spanish at Pensacola.
D) captured the city of New Orleans.
E) was seriously wounded.

Question 42

Jeffersonians believed in a smaller government,but they also favored a nationwide system of public schools.

Question 43

During the War of 1812,the United States achieved early military success

A) in the Caribbean.
B) on the Atlantic Ocean.
C) in New England.
D) on the Great Lakes.
E) in the Carolinas.

Question 44

In 1810,the Non-Intercourse Act expired and was replaced by

A) "Peaceable Coercion."
B) the Tallmadge Amendment.
C) Madison's Embargo.
D) the Harrison Land Law.
E) Macon's Bill No. 2.

Question 45

The Chesapeake-Leopard incident

A) began the War of 1812.
B) saw the Americans sink a British naval frigate.
C) led the British government to end its practice of impressment.
D) saw the British sink an American merchant ship.
E) led the United States to prohibit all exports from American ports.

Question 46

During William Henry Harrison's governorship of the Indiana Territory,

A) he refused to sign new treaties with Indian tribes.
B) violence between the United States and Indian tribes declined.
C) he used threats and bribery as a means to acquire Indian lands.
D) he thwarted plans by Indian tribes to elect a separate Indian governor of the territory.
E) all Indian tribes were driven west of the Mississippi River.

Question 47

The Treaty of Ghent that ended the War of 1812

A) was signed on New Year's Day, 1815.
B) began an improvement in relations between England and the United States.
C) was reluctantly negotiated by the British.
D) put huge areas of the new lands under the control of the United States.
E) included the condition that the United States create an Indian buffer state in the Northwest.

Question 48

Following the British bombardment of Fort McHenry,Francis Scott Key wrote

A) "The Battle Hymn of the Republic."
B) "Yankee Doodle."
C) "The Star-Spangled Banner."
D) "The Pledge of Allegiance."
E) "Stars and Stripes Forever."

Question 49

President Thomas Jefferson's Indian policy included

A) an offer to Indians to reorganize their territory as a separate state in the Union.
B) an offer to Indians to become settled farmers and join white society, and an insistence that they give up claims to tribal lands in the Northwest.
C) an offer to Indians to become settled farmers and join white society, and to reorganize their territory as a separate state in the Union.
D) the insistence that Indians reduce the size of their exclusive tribal lands in the Northwest, as well as allow some limited hunting by white settlers on those lands.
E) an offer to Indians to have full citizenship in the United States and the right to vote.

Question 50

During the War of 1812,the Hartford Convention

A) aimed to create a new political party, called the Whigs.
B) sought to strengthen the political influence of the South and the West.
C) proved to be futile and irrelevant.
D) was a gathering of strong supporters of the war.
E) saw its participants vote to secede from the United States.

Question 51

In 1814,the British

A) seized Washington and set fire to the White House.
B) repulsed the United States from Florida.
C) took control of the Ohio Valley.
D) forced the surrender of Fort McHenry in Baltimore.
E) established naval supremacy on the Atlantic Ocean.

Question 52

The Non-Intercourse Act reopened American trade with

A) Great Britain.
B) France.
C) all nations except Great Britain and France.
D) all nations.
E) both Great Britain and France.

Question 53

The Embargo Act of 1807

A) was quickly repealed.
B) was ineffective.
C) created a serious economic depression in the nation.
D) helped to put a Federalist in the White House in 1808.
E) resulted in the Republican loss of control of Congress in 1808.

Question 54

In 1812,Henry Clay and John C.Calhoun could best be described as

A)secessionists.
B)Federalists.
C)pacifists.
D)war hawks.
E)Jeffersonians.

Question 55

During the War of 1812,the Battle of the Thames

A) saw Tecumseh killed while serving as a brigadier general in the British army.
B) saw British forces come from Canada to attack Detroit.
C) led to the long American occupation of Canada.
D) saw a surprise American attack in the heart of London.
E) strengthened the resolve of the Indians in the Northwest.

Question 56

The desire by American southerners to acquire Florida

A)led to war between the United States and Spain in 1812.
B)was fervently attacked by leaders such as Henry Clay and John C.Calhoun.
C)was unfulfilled until the 1830s.
D)was intended to reduce the presence of the British in America.
E)was partly motivated by the number of runaway slaves who escaped there.

Question 57

In the War of 1812,Britain turned its full military attention to America after

A) the American raid and burning of York.
B) Napoleon's defeat at Waterloo.
C) Napoleon's incarceration at Elba.
D) Napoleon's catastrophic campaign against Russia.
E) the American invasion of Canada.

Question 58

The Rush-Bagot agreement of 1817 called for

A) Spain to give up its claim to Florida, in exchange for navigation rights on the Mississippi.
B) the mutual disarmament of the Great Lakes by Britain and the United States.
C) a general trade agreement between the United States and France.
D) France to pull out of the fur trade in the Great Lakes region.
E) the joint occupation of Oregon by France and the United States.

Question 59

Tecumseh

A) had a brother known as "the Shooting Star."
B) experienced a mystical awakening in the process of recovering from alcoholism.
C) fought against William Henry Harrison at the Battle of Tippecanoe.
D) encouraged Indian assimilation into the United States to save their lives.
E) believed the only effective means to resist white settlers was Indian tribal unity.

Question 60

In the War of 1812,the Battle of New Orleans

A) gave the British control of the Mississippi River.
B) resulted in hundreds of American deaths.
C) took place weeks after the war had officially ended.
D) saw inexperienced British troops face battle-hardened American forces.
E) saw the British lay siege to the city for nearly a month.

Question 61

Prior to their journey west in 1804,neither Lewis nor Clark had experience dealing with Indians.

Question 62

Aaron Burr was convicted and imprisoned for the murder of Alexander Hamilton.

Question 63

Immediately following Jefferson's first inauguration,Republicans began to attack the judicial branch of government.

Question 64

The revivalism of the Second Great Awakening was essentially restricted to white people.

Question 65

The Lewis and Clark expedition was organized over President Jefferson's objections.

Question 66

The War of 1812 was caused by conflicts on the Atlantic Ocean and in the American West.

Question 67

The idea of the "republican mother" presumed that it was important that women be educated.

Question 68

Congress's response to the violations of American neutral rights was in part to prohibit American ships from leaving any American port for any foreign port in the world.

Question 69

At the end of the eighteenth century,only a small proportion of white Americans were members of formal churches.

Question 70

Jefferson was not a pacifist,but he did scale down the size of the American armed forces.

Question 71

By the end of Jefferson's presidency,the capital city of Washington rivaled New York and Philadelphia as a major American city.

Question 72

Jefferson believed that Native Americans were uncivilized and innately inferior.

Question 73

The Hartford Convention called for secession from the United States.

Question 74

John Marshall was a Federalist who served during several Republican administrations.

Question 75

The Second Great Awakening succeeded in restoring to prominence traditional doctrines such as predestination.

Question 76

In the early nineteenth century,primary and secondary education,but not higher education,operated in close conformity to republican ideals.

Question 77

The Battle of Tippecanoe was a rare Indian victory against the United States.

Question 78

The clash between the Chesapeake and the Leopard resulted in a victory for the British ship.

Question 79

Jefferson tried to make sure that federal offices went to people who would be loyal to his ideas and to his presidency.

Question 80

The terms of the Louisiana Purchase were made without the prior approval of either the president or Congress.