Deck 13: Problems of Childhood

Question 1

A couple comes to the sleep disorder clinic because their 3-year-old daughter has problems falling asleep every night.The parents say that it takes their daughter 1 to 2 hours each night to fall asleep,and one of the parents ends up having to lie down with her.Which intervention should the nurse first suggest?

A)The parents should alternate responsibility each night for seeing the daughter to bed.
B)The daughter could start falling asleep in the parents' bed and then could move to her own bed
C)Place the child in bed at the same time each night,and don't allow her to get out of bed
D)Follow a bedtime ritual each night,such as reading one book

Answer 1

Follow a bedtime ritual each night,such as reading one book

Question 2

Breath-holding spells typically occur when a child becomes extremely frustrated,cries,and either intentionally or unintentionally holds his or her breath.This rarely occurs in children younger than the age of __________.

A)6 months
B)12 months
C)18 months
D)24 months

Answer 2

6 months

Question 3

A mother of a 9-year-old is concerned because her child complains of frequent stomach aches in the morning before leaving for school.No medical reason has been found for this condition.The family has recently moved to the area after the woman and her husband divorced,and the child is attending a new school.What is the most appropriate response the nurse can give to this mother?

A)Ignore the child's complaints and send the child to school
B)Allow the child to stay home from school when this occurs
C)Provide support and reassurance to the child as the child adjusts
D)Take away computer privileges to stop this behavior

Answer 3

Provide support and reassurance to the child as the child adjusts

Question 4

A 10-year-old male client is 20 pounds overweight.Which intervention by the nurse is the most effective in this situation?

A)Place the client on a strictly controlled calorie-restricted diet
B)Talk to the client about why he is so overweight
C)Teach the client and his parents about healthy eating habits and choices
D)Make a list of foods that are to be restricted in the client's diet

Question 5

Social and emotional development occurs at a more simple level in the child who is:

A)5 years old
B)8 years old
C)10 years old
D)12 years old

Question 6

The parents of a 3-year-old boy are concerned because their son seems to speak very slowly and has an odd rhythm to his speech pattern.What is this child most likely experiencing?

A)Reading disorder
B)Phonological disorder
C)Stuttering disorder
D)Expressive language disorder

Question 7

The emotional developmental task of industry vs.inferiority that occurs in childhood is characteristic of which age group?

A)Infancy: birth to 1 year old
B)Early childhood: 1 to 3 years old
C)Preschool age: 3 to 6 years old
D)School age: 6 to 12 years old

Question 8

A 7-year-old male client displays behaviors such as an inability to make eye contact with others,inappropriate facial expressions,difficulty in making friends,and showing little emotion with family members.He talks with adults but is awkward in his conversation.Given these behaviors,what is this client most likely experiencing?

A)Childhood disintegrative disorder
B)Asperger's syndrome
C)Dyslexia
D)Rett syndrome

Question 9

As the caregiver for a male client whose mental retardation level is classified at a moderate level,the nurse's most appropriate action is to:

A)Encourage him to work in a supervised setting at a fast food restaurant
B)Persuade him to look for an apartment in which he can live on his own
C)Find a group home that he would adjust well to
D)Seek placement for him in a long-term setting for clients with cognitive disabilities

Question 10

For children older than 4 years,separation anxiety should last for no longer than:

A)A few days
B)A few weeks
C)A few months
D)1 year

Question 11

The parents of a 2-year-old boy seek assistance at a family therapy clinic because their son throws a temper tantrum every time he is not allowed to throw his food on the floor during meals.Which therapeutic intervention does the nurse suggest?

A)Leave him during the tantrum,so that he feels isolated from others as a result of his behavior
B)Try to distract him when he becomes frustrated,and reward him for positive behavior
C)Hold the child down until the tantrum stops
D)Put him in the corner for punishment while he is having the tantrum

Question 12

Poverty influences the growth and development of children and is often a precursor to mental health disorders in children.Nearly __________ of children in the United States come from families that live at the poverty level.

A)10%
B)20%
C)30%
D)40%

Question 13

The parents of a 9-year-old girl with mental retardation voice concerns to the nurse regarding their child's eating insects and leaves.The parents report that this behavior has been occurring for almost 4 months.From what is this child most likely suffering?

A)Pica
B)Rumination disorder
C)Enuresis
D)Encopresis

Question 14

The school nurse meets with the parents of a 7-year-old child who frequently shows a lack of respect for his teacher and the rules of the classroom.His parents report that he fights with his siblings and has tried to run away from home when they have attempted to take away privileges.Based on this assessment,what does the nurse understand about his future?

A)He is experiencing a normal developmental task and will grow out of it.
B)His prognosis for recovery will be good if he is not punished.
C)Due to his age,his future prognosis is poor.
D)He should be allowed to set his own limits.

Question 15

A 12-year-old female client with a normal IQ has difficulty with math at school.She performs well in all subjects except math,for which she is unable to earn above a grade of "D," no matter how much she studies.What is this client most likely suffering from?

A)Mental retardation
B)A learning disorder
C)Pervasive developmental disorder
D)An anxiety disorder

Question 16

The Denver II is a tool that is used for assessment of early childhood development.What is this tool used to assess?

A)Temperament
B)Maturation
C)Gross and fine motor skills
D)Speech development

Question 17

Adult disorders such as chronic anxiety and depression often are associated with childhood:

A)Illnesses
B)Fears
C)Education
D)Abuse

Question 18

Due to the proximal to distal physical development of the child,which of the following motor skills is able to be accomplished by the toddler?

A)Tying shoes
B)Buttoning a shirt
C)Eating finger foods
D)Cutting food with a fork and knife

Question 19

The parents of a 5-year-old are concerned because he has recently starting wetting himself during the day while at school.They inform their pediatrician about this when they bring their newborn daughter in for her first immunizations.After ruling out any physical cause,the pediatrician informs the parents that this is due to:

A)Primary nocturnal enuresis
B)Secondary enuresis
C)Encopresis
D)Disobedience

Question 20

During the interview process with a homeless client,which is an appropriate nursing action?

A)Wait until later in the interview to ask questions such as address or nearest relative
B)Ask the client early in the interview what is his or her highest education level
C)Ask the client where he or she planned to sleep that night
D)Encourage the client to bathe as soon as possible

Question 21

The parents of a 9-year-old boy have been told by the child's teacher that he exhibits symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Which specific behaviors may the child exhibit for this diagnosis to be made? (Select all that apply. )

A)Frequently interrupts or intrudes on others
B)Is easily distracted by outside stimuli
C)Has feelings of restlessness or frequently fidgets with hands and/or feet
D)Exhibits an excellent short-term memory
E)Often leaves tasks incomplete

Question 22

The developmental period of middle childhood is considered to encompass the ages of __________ to __________ years.

Question 23

A fifth grade teacher is concerned that one of his students is at risk for violent behavior.Which signs will the school nurse advise him to be aware of ? (Select all that apply. )

A)Enjoys contact sports
B)Engages in risk-taking behaviors
C)Has frequent angry outbursts
D)Threatens classmates
E)Isolates self from others
F)Damages school property

Question 24

__________ is a disorder that involves an individual's ability to communicate,interact with others,use the imagination,and display appropriate behavior.

Question 25

Before the diagnosis of mental retardation can be made,which factors must be present? (Select all that apply. )

A)IQ of 70 to 100
B)Inability to communicate effectively
C)Poor adaptation to social situations
D)IQ less than 70
E)Inability to care for self appropriate to age
F)Maladaptive coping skills