Deck 13: Drugs for the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Diseases

Question 1

Which of the following is the main problem causing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

A)Excess stomach acid
B)A diet that is too high in saturated fat
C)Lack of adequate function of the cardiac sphincter
D)Being overweight

Answer 1

Lack of adequate function of the cardiac sphincter

Question 2

Use of which laxative is able to interfere with the absorption of the fat-soluble vitamins (A,D,E,and K)?

A)Bisacodyl
B)Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate
C)Mineral oil
D)Magnesium sulfate

Answer 2

Mineral oil

Question 3

Which of the following gastrointestinal drugs is a phenothiazine used to treat nausea?

A)Mineral oil
B)Loperamide
C)Lansoprazole
D)Prochlorperazine
E)Ranitidine

Answer 3

Prochlorperazine

Question 4

Which agent inhibits the hydrogen/potassium adenosine triphosphate (H⁺/K⁺ ATPase)enzyme system found at the surface of the gastric parietal cell?

A)Ketoconazole
B)Lansoprazole
C)Misoprostol
D)Famotidine
E)Metronidazole

Question 5

Newer types of combination therapy for treating ulcers often combine an antibiotic with a(n)

A)hyperosmotic laxative.
B)proton-pump inhibitor.
C)antacid.
D)prostaglandin.

Question 6

If a dentist notices a great amount of enamel erosion during a clinical examination,the patient should be referred to his or her primary care physician for evaluation of which of the following?

A)Duodenal ulcers
B)Peptic ulcers
C)Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
D)Crohn disease

Question 7

Which of the following adverse reactions is common to all of the currently marketed H₂-blocking agents?

A)Abnormal liver function tests
B)Thrombocytopenia
C)Slurred speech
D)Gynecomastia

Question 8

Sucralfate can be thought of as a "bandage" for ulcers because it inhibits the action of pepsin and absorbs the bile salts.

A)Both parts of the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B)Both parts of the statement and the reason are correct,but not related.
C)Both parts of the statement are correct,but the reason is not.
D)Both parts of the statement are not correct,but the reason is correct.
E)Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 9

Which histamine-2 (H₂)-blocking agent has been associated with dry mouth and taste alterations?

A)Cimetidine (Tagamet)
B)Ranitidine (Zantac)
C)Famotidine (Pepcid)
D)Meclizine (Bonine)

Question 10

Which of the following is the best non-narcotic analgesic for the management of a dental patient with peptic ulcer disease or gastroesophageal reflux disease?

A)Acetaminophen
B)Aspirin
C)Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory (NSAID)
D)Tylenol #3

Question 11

Which of the following agents is a synthetic prostaglandin indicated for NSAID-induced ulcers?

A)Ranitidine
B)Misoprostol
C)Omeprazole
D)Metoclopramide

Question 12

Which of the following is the most common gastrointestinal disease in the United States population?

A)Peptic ulcers
B)Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
C)Diarrhea
D)Constipation
E)Ulcerative colitis

Question 13

The following are actions of metoclopramide except one.Which is the exception?

A)Decreases peristalsis by acting directly on smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract
B)Blocks the action of dopamine
C)Accelerates gastric emptying time
D)Increases the tone of the lower esophageal sphincter

Question 14

A patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)may not be able to sit in a supine position in the dental chair due to

A)ulcerative colitis.
B)Crohn disease.
C)acid reflux.
D)irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Question 15

Which is the primary concern for a patient diagnosed with Barrett esophagus?

A)Inability to eat spicy food
B)Excessive burping and indigestion
C)Esophageal cancer
D)Ulcerative colitis

Question 16

Certain gastrointestinal drugs such as _____ have been abused by patients with _____.

A)antiemetics;low blood sugar
B)laxatives;bulimia
C)nitroglycerin;familial hypercholesterolemia
D)antispasmodics;diabetes

Question 17

Which of the following is a serious possible consequence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

A)Crohn disease
B)Barrett esophagus
C)Ulcerative colitis
D)Gastrointestinal stasis

Question 18

Which of the following types of drugs is considered first-line therapy for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBD)?

A)Antibiotic
B)Antacid
C)Antidiarrheal
D)Antiinflammatory

Question 19

Magnesium sulfate should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment because hypermagnesemia has been reported in patients with renal disease.

A)Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B)Both the statement and the reason are correct,but not related.
C)The statement is correct,but the reason is not.
D)The statement is not correct,but the reason is correct.
E)Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 20

Which type of drugs work by blocking 5-HT₃ receptors in the central nervous system and the chemoreceptor trigger zone?

A)Laxatives
B)Antidiarrheals
C)Antiemetics
D)Antacids
E)Proton-pump inhibitors

Question 21

Stomach or small intestine ulcers may be due to (Select all that apply. )

A)excess stomach acid from worrying.
B)an infection.
C)long-term use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
D)spicy or hot foods.

Question 22

Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)may be useful in treating ulcers.

Question 23

Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs)may be associated with a greater risk of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea.

Question 24

Each of the following is part of common multidrug regimens for treatment of ulcers due to Helicobacter pylori except one.Which is the exception?

A)Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)
B)Metronidazole
C)Amoxicillin
D)Tetracycline
E)Sodium bicarbonate

Question 25

Antacids are the best treatment for peptic ulcers.

Question 26

Most ulcers are due to excess stomach acid from worrying.

Question 27

Which type of laxative is considered best to use?

A)Bulk laxatives
B)Lubricants
C)Stimulants
D)Stool softeners
E)Osmotic laxatives

Question 28

Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs)carry a greater risk of diarrhea associated with

A)Helicobacter pylori.
B)Clostridium difficile.
C)Escherichia coli.
D)Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.

Question 29

A patient with GERD may not be able to sit in a supine position in the dental chair.

Question 30

Which of the following categories of drugs are used to treat diarrhea? (Select all that apply. )

A)Adsorbents
B)Proton-pump inhibitor (PPI)
C)Opioid-like agents
D)Phenothiazine
E)Adrenocorticosteroid

Question 31

Crohn disease (Select all that apply. )

A)extends through all layers of the intestinal wall.
B)involves only the mucosa of the intestinal wall.
C)can involve the entire intestine.
D)does not involve the small intestine.