Deck 44: Confusion and Dementia

Question 1

Which is not an early warning sign of dementia?

A)Recent memory loss that affects job skills
B)Problems with language
C)Anxiety and hallucinations
D)Misplacing things and putting things in unusual places

Answer 1

Anxiety and hallucinations

Question 2

Dementia is

A)A false belief
B)The loss of cognitive function that interferes with routine personal,social,and occupational activities
C)A false disorder of the mind
D)A state of temporary but acute mental confusion

Answer 2

The loss of cognitive function that interferes with routine personal,social,and occupational activities

Question 3

Pseudodementia is

A)When signs,symptoms,and behaviors of AD increase during hours of darkness
B)The loss of cognitive function that interferes with routine personal,social,and occupational activities
C)A false dementia
D)A state of temporary but acute mental confusion

Answer 3

A false dementia

Question 4

You would not expect the person who is confused to

A)Know people,the time,and the place
B)Have difficulty with activities of daily living
C)Have memory problems
D)Have poor judgment

Question 5

Which statement is incorrect?

A)Aging causes changes in the brain and nervous system.
B)Certain diseases affect the brain.
C)Changes in the brain can affect cognitive function.
D)When the brain is affected,signs,symptoms,and behaviors are permanent.

Question 6

Sundowning is

A)When signs,symptoms,and behaviors of AD increase during hours of darkness
B)The loss of cognitive and social function caused by changes in the brain
C)A false dementia
D)A state of temporary but acute mental confusion

Question 7

Cognitive function involves all of the following except

A)Memory and thinking
B)Reasoning and understanding
C)Judgment and behavior
D)The senses and mobility

Question 8

Which statement about pseudodementia is incorrect?

A)The person has signs and symptoms of dementia.
B)A correct diagnosis must be made.
C)It can occur with delirium and depression.
D)All causes are treated the same way.

Question 9

A delusion is

A)A false belief
B)Seeing,hearing,smelling,or feeling something that is not real
C)A false disorder of the mind
D)A state of temporary but acute mental confusion

Question 10

A resident is confused.The person usually naps after lunch.Which action is correct?

A)Follow the person's routine.
B)Prevent the person from taking a nap.
C)Help the person change into sleepwear.
D)Use music and other activities to distract the person.

Question 11

Which is not an early warning sign of dementia?

A)Getting lost in familiar places
B)Personality changes
C)Poor or decreased judgment
D)Not recognizing self or family members

Question 12

Which statement about acute confusion is incorrect?

A)It occurs suddenly.
B)It is usually permanent.
C)Infection,illness,and injury are common causes.
D)Drugs and alcohol are common causes.

Question 13

Which is not a cause of confusion in older persons?

A)Arthritis
B)Hearing loss
C)Vision loss
D)Reduced blood supply to the brain

Question 14

Which statement about permanent dementia is incorrect?

A)There is no cure.
B)Loss of cognitive function worsens over time.
C)Disease progression is the same for everyone affected.
D)The person has signs and symptoms of dementia.

Question 15

A resident is confused.Which is incorrect?

A)Open drapes during the day.
B)Turn on a night-light at bedtime.
C)Provide a calm and peaceful setting.
D)Perform all ADL for the person.

Question 16

Which statement about dementia is incorrect?

A)Most older people show signs and symptoms of dementia.
B)Persons with signs and symptoms of dementia need to see a doctor.
C)Some dementias can be treated and reversed.
D)The person with dementia may have delirium and depression.

Question 17

Which is not common with confusion?

A)Aphasia and paralysis
B)Personality and mental changes
C)Anger,restlessness,and depression
D)Behavior changes

Question 18

Delirium is

A)A false belief
B)The loss of cognitive function caused by changes in the brain
C)A false disorder of the mind
D)A temporary state of sudden,severe confusion and rapid brain changes

Question 19

A hallucination is

A)A false belief
B)Seeing,hearing,smelling,or feeling something that is not real
C)A false disorder of the mind
D)A state of temporary but acute mental confusion

Question 20

Which is the most common cause of permanent dementia?

A)Parkinson's disease
B)Cerebrovascular disease
C)Alzheimer's disease
D)Multi-infarct dementia

Question 21

A resident has AD.Which of the following is probably not caused by AD?

A)Forgetting names
B)Cursing or swearing
C)Having poor judgment
D)Having a fever

Question 22

A resident has AD.Which of the following is probably not caused by AD?

A)Restlessness
B)Becoming suspicious and fearful
C)Not being able to tell time
D)Skin tears and skin breakdown

Question 23

A resident with AD experiences sundowning every day.The person's care plan includes the following.Which should you question?

A)Complete treatments and activities early in the day.
B)Meet food,fluid,and elimination needs.
C)Ask the person what the problem is.
D)Provide adequate lighting.

Question 24

A resident has AD.The person's hallucinations include seeing "kitty cats" in the closet.Which of the following measures will not be helpful?

A)Helping the person search the closet
B)Using touch to reassure the person
C)Preventing glares,shadows,and reflections
D)Taking the person for a walk

Question 25

What is the cause of AD?

A)Family history
B)Down syndrome
C)Aging
D)Unknown

Question 26

A resident has AD.The person thinks that the food contains poison.This is called

A)An hallucination
B)A delusion
C)A catastrophic reaction
D)Sundowning

Question 27

A resident has AD.The person thinks that the food contains poison.Which will not help the person?

A)Offering to taste the food
B)Distracting the person
C)Taking the person for a walk
D)Using touch to reassure the person

Question 28

What is the classic sign of AD?

A)Problems finding or speaking the right word
B)Poor judgment
C)Forgetting how to use simple,everyday things
D)Gradual loss of short-term memory

Question 29

Which statement about depression is incorrect?

A)It is a common mental health problem in older persons.
B)Depression,aging,and some drug side effects have similar signs and symptoms.
C)Depression is often overlooked in older persons.
D)The person hallucinates and has attention problems.

Question 30

All of the following occur early in AD except problems

A)Driving a car
B)Managing money
C)Using a phone
D)With ADL

Question 31

A resident has AD.The person has the following behaviors.Which has the greatest risk for danger?

A)Wandering
B)Delusions
C)Catastrophic reactions
D)Screaming

Question 32

A resident has AD.The person's hallucinations include seeing "kitty cats" in the closet.Which of the following measures will not be helpful?

A)Making sure that the person wears needed eyeglasses
B)Distracting the person
C)Eliminating noises
D)Explaining that there are no cats in the nursing center

Question 33

The Alzheimer's Association has a program for persons who wander.The program is called

A)Safe Return
B)Take Me Home
C)Call Home
D)Medic Alert

Question 34

A resident has AD.She tends to wander.Her care plan includes the following.Which should you question?

A)Make sure that she wears her ID bracelet.
B)Keep door alarms turned on.
C)Explain to her why she cannot go outside.
D)Let her wander in an enclosed garden.

Question 35

Catastrophic reactions usually occur from

A)Elimination needs
B)Hunger
C)Too many stimuli at one time
D)Lack of sleep

Question 36

Which statement about delirium is incorrect?

A)Onset is gradual.
B)It is common in older people with acute illnesses.
C)It is an emergency.
D)The cause must be found and treated.

Question 37

A resident is in the last stage of AD.The person's care plan includes the following.Which should you question?

A)Measures to prevent wandering
B)Providing for all ADL
C)Incontinence care
D)Aspiration precautions

Question 38

Which statement about wandering is incorrect?

A)There is always a cause.
B)The person may be looking for someone or something.
C)Drug side effects are possible causes.
D)Pain,restlessness,and anxiety are possible causes.

Question 39

Which statement about Alzheimer's disease is incorrect?

A)Brain cells controlling intellectual and social function are damaged.
B)The person has behavior,mood,and personality changes.
C)Memory and mental abilities steadily decline.
D)Sudden in onset,the disease progresses over many years.

Question 40

At what age do the first symptoms of AD usually occur?

A)Between age 30 and 40
B)Between age 40 and 50
C)After age 60
D)Around age 80

Question 41

A resident has AD.The person keeps saying: "Where's Mama? Where's Mama? Where's Mama?" Which action may be helpful?

A)Tell the person that Mama is gone.
B)Ask why the person needs Mama.
C)Ask who Mama is.
D)Take the person for a walk.

Question 42

Persons with AD may have abnormal sexual behaviors.Which of the following is a normal behavior?

A)Undressing in front of other residents
B)Masturbating in the dining room
C)Hugging and kissing one's partner
D)Fondling another person

Question 43

A resident has AD.Sometimes,the person has repetitive behaviors.This means that the person

A)Repeats the same motion or word over and over again
B)Does things that are harmful
C)Repeats things the person said and did during childhood
D)Does everything twice

Question 44

Persons with AD may have abnormal sexual behaviors.The behaviors are abnormal because

A)Persons with AD do not have sexual needs
B)Of how and when they occur
C)They are high risk for STDs
D)Persons with AD cannot perform sexually

Question 45

While caring for a person with AD,you find yourself becoming frustrated and short-tempered.Which of the following statements is incorrect?

A)The person did not choose to have AD or its signs and symptoms.
B)The person deserves to be treated with dignity and respect.
C)The person is responsible for agitated,aggressive,and wandering behaviors.
D)The person has the same rights as other residents.

Question 46

A resident has AD.Sometimes,the person is agitated and combative.The person is pacing and trying to hit others.Which of the following measures will not be helpful?

A)Restraining the person
B)Meeting elimination needs
C)Meeting nutritional needs
D)Providing a calm,quiet setting

Question 47

Persons with AD are at risk for

A)Infection
B)Stroke
C)Heart attack
D)Diarrhea

Question 48

A resident has AD.The person often screams a word in a foreign language.You know that screaming is

A)The person's way of communicating
B)An aggressive behavior
C)An agitated behavior
D)A restless behavior

Question 49

A resident has AD.His wife visits daily.They like to touch,hold hands,and kiss.Which action is correct?

A)Discourage such contact.
B)Provide privacy.
C)Allow only supervised visits.
D)Try to distract them.

Question 50

A resident has AD.As death nears,the person may need

A)Hospice care
B)Restraints
C)An Alzheimer's Association support group
D)Supervised activities

Question 51

A resident has AD.The person's communication is impaired.When talking to the person,which is incorrect?

A)Use a calm,gentle voice.
B)Speak slowly,using simple words and sentences.
C)Give the person time to respond.
D)Explain why the person's answer is wrong.

Question 52

A resident has AD.The person is trying to tell you something.What should you do?

A)Ask the person simple questions.
B)Let the person speak.Do not interrupt or rush the person.
C)Offer words and ideas to help the person communicate.
D)Tell the person that you understand.

Question 53

A resident has AD.She is trying to rub her perineum through her clothes.Which statement is incorrect?

A)The behavior is sexual.
B)She may be wet or soiled from urine or feces.
C)She may have a urinary or reproductive system infection.
D)She may have pain or discomfort in her urinary or reproductive system.

Question 54

A resident has AD.The person easily becomes agitated and combative.All of the following measures might help the person except

A)Following the person's routines
B)Keeping noise levels low
C)Keeping the person's treasures nearby
D)Changing the person's room

Question 55

A resident has AD.You find him masturbating in another person's room.What should you do?

A)Tell him to stop what he is doing.
B)Explain that his behavior is not appropriate.
C)Close the room door to provide for privacy.
D)Guide him to his room.

Question 56

A resident has problems finding her room,the bathroom,the dining room,and so on.Which of the following might help her?

A)Telling her the date,the time,and the place
B)Showing her where things are
C)Picture signs
D)Keeping personal items where she can see them

Question 57

A resident has AD.The person often screams a word in a foreign language.Possible causes of screaming include all of the following except

A)The person is reacting to a family member
B)Hearing or vision problems
C)Pain,discomfort,or fear
D)Depression and aging

Question 58

You care for several residents with AD.Why must you report behavior changes to the nurse?

A)They may signal other illnesses or injuries.
B)Persons with AD cannot report such changes.
C)Persons with AD depend on others for care.
D)It is your responsibility to report signs and symptoms.

Question 59

A resident has AD.When planning activities for the person,the therapist considers

A)What equipment and supplies are available
B)How much time is available
C)The person's abilities and interests
D)Staff interests and needs

Question 60

A resident has AD.Which is the correct way to gain the person's attention?

A)Approach the person from behind.
B)Approach the person from the side.
C)Approach the person from the front.
D)Lightly touch the person's arm.

Question 61

A resident has AD.What activities should you encourage the person to do?

A)Stringing beads and folding towels
B)Painting and puzzles
C)Singing and dancing
D)The ones in the person's care plan

Question 62

A maintenance worker left a hammer at the nurses' station.What should you do?

A)Leave it there.
B)Ask the maintenance department to send someone to pick it up.
C)Place it in a secure drawer.Then report its location to the maintenance department.
D)Look for the maintenance worker who left it.

Question 63

A resident has AD.The person's rights are protected by OBRA.Which is the best way to protect the person's right to personal choice?

A)Give the person many choices.
B)Let the person's family make all choices.
C)Give the person simple choices.
D)Make choices for the person based on your interests.

Question 64

A resident has AD.You find the following items in the person's room.Which is unsafe?

A)A quilt
B)Shampoo
C)Socks
D)A sweater

Question 65

A resident has AD.When meeting the person's basic needs,you should do all of the following except

A)Promote elimination
B)Provide for personal hygiene,oral hygiene,and skin care
C)Promote exercise and activity during the late evening hours
D)Provide a quiet,restful setting

Question 66

A resident has AD.She carries a small stuffed animal that is coming apart at the seams.What should you do?

A)Ask the family to bring her a new one.
B)Take it from her so that it can be repaired.
C)Ask her why she carries it all the time.
D)Protect it from further damage.

Question 67

A resident has AD.You are helping the person dress.Which action is incorrect?

A)Leave the room when the person puts on undergarments to protect the right to privacy.
B)Lay out clothing in the order the person will put it on.
C)Hand the person one clothing item at a time.
D)Tell the person what to do with each clothing item.

Question 68

Proper use of validation therapy requires special training.

Question 69

A resident has AD.His daughter has three children in high school and college.His daughter is likely to find herself in

A)Generation X
B)The "Baby Boom" generation
C)Generation Y
D)The sandwich generation

Question 70

Which is not a safety measure to protect persons with AD?

A)Keep doors partly open or partly closed,never completely closed.
B)Store car keys in a safe place.
C)Supervise the person who smokes.
D)Place safety plugs in electrical outlets.

Question 71

A nursing center has a secured unit for persons with AD.Which statement is correct?

A)OBRA considers secured units to be physical restraints.
B)A family's request is needed to place a person on a secured unit.
C)The person remains on the secured unit until death.
D)Only persons with aggressive behaviors are allowed on a secured unit.

Question 72

Confused and demented behaviors are often hard to handle.Therefore,persons who are confused or have AD are at risk for

A)Restraint use
B)Infection
C)Falls and other injuries
D)Abuse,mistreatment,and neglect

Question 73

A resident has AD.You are helping the person dress.Which of the following will cause the fewest problems?

A)A front-opening garment that closes with Velcro
B)A pullover garment
C)A back-opening garment that closes with buttons
D)Pants that close with a zipper and hook

Question 74

A resident has AD.You are helping her dress.Which action is correct?

A)Decide what she will wear.
B)Let her choose from a dress,pant suit,sweat suit,or a skirt and blouse.
C)Let her choose between a dress and a pant suit.
D)Explain why she needs to wear undergarments.

Question 75

A resident has AD.The person's care plan includes the following measures to promote sleep.Which should you question?

A)Follow the person's bedtime rituals.
B)Turn on a night-light.
C)Encourage the person to nap during the day.
D)Limit caffeine during the day.

Question 76

When a person's care needs became great,the person's family agreed on the need for nursing center care.You would expect family members to experience all of the following except

A)Joy and relief
B)Anger and guilt
C)Anxiety and depression
D)Frustration and helplessness

Question 77

A person has AD.Which of the following can offer the person's daughter support and encouragement?

A)The sandwich generation
B)OBRA
C)An Alzheimer's support group
D)The American Dementia Association

Question 78

A resident has AD.When providing for the person's basic needs,which is correct?

A)Give the person many choices.
B)Complete the person's care as fast as possible.
C)Have equipment ready for any procedure.
D)Provide stimulation to distract the person.

Question 79

A resident has AD.She tends to wander and is sometimes combative.Her son asks you to restrain her.Which statement is incorrect?

A)Restraints require a doctor's order.
B)Restraints are used if the family requests them.
C)Restraints can make confused and demented behaviors worse.
D)All persons have the right to be free from restraints.