Deck 11: Between the Tides

Question 1

Besides fluctuatiions in salinity and water levels intertidal organisms must also withstand wide variations in:

A)Temperatures.
B)Light levels.
C)Sediment deposition.
D)Current velocities.
E)None of the choices are correct.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Regarding the origin of rocky coasts,it is known that this type of shore is present along:

A)Geologically young coasts.
B)Coasts with high accumulation of sediments.
C)Coasts along the mouth of large rivers.
D)Geologically old coasts being covered by sediments.
E)Coasts being affected by ice sheets.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The lower limit of the intertidal zone is the:

A)Average high tide.
B)Average middle tide.
C)Lowest low tide.
D)Lowest edge of the rocky substrate.
E)None of the choices are correct.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Most sessile animals living on rocky shores are:

A)Deposit feeders.
B)Carnivores.
C)Detritus feeders.
D)Filter feeders.
E)Grazers.

Question 5

Which of the following strategies is not used to avoid dessication in the intertidal?

A)Closing shells
B)Crowding by organisms in areas that are always moist
C)Burrowing into substrate
D)Mucus
E)Moving out of tide pools

Question 6

If a rocky shore highly exposed to wave action is compared to a similar rocky shore that is a lot less exposed to wave action,we should expect that barnacles living on the more exposed shore show a:

A)Wider vertical distribution.
B)Narrower tolerance to salinity.
C)Narrower tolerance to temperature.
D)Narrower vertical distribution.
E)Higher resistance to predators.

Question 7

One organism typical of the upper intertidal on rocky shores:

A)Bottom fish.
B)Barnacles.
C)Sponges.
D)Sea anemones.
E)Periwinkles.

Question 8

The middle intertidal is characterized by:

A)Constant wetting by splash and spray.
B)Long exposure to air.
C)Steady immersion.
D)Exposure and immersion on a regular basis.
E)Splashing during high tide and complete exposure at low tide.

Question 9

One of these is more important than the others as a limiting resource in intertidal communities:

A)Space.
B)Food.
C)Nutrients.
D)Light.
E)Salinity.

Question 10

Intertidal organisms from exposed areas sometimes have thicker shells than their counterparts from less exposed areas.This is thought to be an adaptation to:

A)Dessication.
B)Restricted feeding.
C)Wave shock.
D)Salinity changes.
E)Temperature changes.

Question 11

Byssal threads are used by mussels to cope with:

A)Dessication.
B)Wave shock.
C)Restricted feeding.
D)Salinity changes.
E)Temperature changes.

Question 12

Vertical zonation on rocky shores is mostly the result of differences in tolerance to:

A)Wave action
B)Exposure.
C)Predation.
D)Light.
E)Salinity.

Question 13

A rocky shoreline would be most likely to be found in:

A)California.
B)Massachusetts.
C)Hawaii.
D)All answers are correct.
E)California and Massachusetts only.

Question 14

Many types of rockweeds/macroalgaes have pneumatocycts that assist them is gaining:

A)Dissolved ions.
B)Nutrients.
C)Water content.
D)Less grazing predation.
E)Light availability.

Question 15

One of these organisms is expected to be relatively rare on a rocky shore:

A)Filter feeder.
B)Carnivore.
C)Primary producer.
D)Grazer.
E)Deposit feeder.

Question 16

Predation by sea stars on rocky shores ultimately results in:

A)Fewer species.
B)Less wave action.
C)Decrease in the number of seaweeds.
D)Increase in the number of mussels.
E)More species.

Question 17

Ecological succession ultimately results in:

A)A climax community.
B)An upper-limit stage.
C)Competitive exclusion.
D)Keystone predation.
E)Vertical zonation.

Question 18

The particular characteristic most widely used in classifying intertidal communities:

A)Type of tides.
B)Relative exposure to air.
C)Type of substrate.
D)Type of seaweeds.
E)Relative immersion by water.

Question 19

The sessile epifauna consists of:

A)Attached seaweeds.
B)Pelagic organisms.
C)Burrowing animals.
D)Animals that crawl over bottom.
E)Attached animals.

Question 20

The upper limit of rocky intertidal communities is typically determined by:

A)Mostly biological factors.
B)Mostly physical factors.
C)Both biological and physical factors.
D)Neither physical or biological factors.

Question 21

What organism would be most likely to be found in the upper intertidal zone of a rocky shoreline?

A)Mussels
B)Sea weed
C)Encrusting algae
D)Barnacles
E)Irish moss

Question 22

In a soft-bottomed intertidal community,oxygen would be most plentiful for meiofauna in which type of bottom?

A)Gravel
B)Sand
C)Silt
D)Clay
E)Mud

Question 23

Which of the following would not be considered epifauna?

A)Organisms living on the surface on another organism
B)Organisms living on the surface of sand
C)Organisms living in sand
D)Organisms living on mud
E)Organisms living on rocky shore

Question 24

The number of species in a given community can be increased by:

A)Disturbance
B)Predation
C)Competitive exclusion
D)All answers are correct
E)Disturbance and Predation only

Question 25

Most animals living on sandy beaches are included among the due to wave action:

A)Infauna.
B)Deposit feeders.
C)Epifauna.
D)Producers.
E)Grazers.

Question 26

The main source of food in muddy-bottom intertidal communities:

A)Seaweeds.
B)Detritus.
C)Plankton.
D)Large prey.
E)Epifauna.

Question 27

On Atlantic shores,the dog whelk (Nucellalapillus)has two color forms,white-shelled and brown-shelled.Survival of one form over the other form in a region appears to be related to:

A)temperature.
B)Salinity.
C)Substrate type.
D)Prey availability.
E)Predators.

Question 28

Attachment of one organism to another in the intertidal is most likely a result of limited:

A)Food.
B)Space.
C)Light.
D)Nutrients.
E)Mates.

Question 29

Fine sediments are characteristic of:

A)Shores exposed to wave action.
B)Rocky shores.
C)Areas with wide temperature fluctuations.
D)Calm,less exposed shores.
E)Areas that experience considerable water flow.

Question 30

Which of these organisms usually dominates in the middle intertidal zone of a rocky shoreline?

A)Limpets
B)Sea weed
C)Encrusting algae
D)Barnacles
E)Irish moss

Question 31

Meiofauna live:

A)On rocky shores
B)On sandy bottoms
C)Between grains of sediment
D)In burrows
E)In the water column

Question 32

In soft-bottomed intertidal communities,locations with strong waves and currents are most likely to have which type of bottom?

A)Gravel
B)Sand
C)Silt
D)Clay
E)Mud

Question 33

One of these organisms is typically a very rare component of soft-bottom intertidal communities:

A)Burrowing organisms.
B)Detritus feeders.
C)Seaweeds.
D)Infauna.
E)Deposit feeders.

Question 34

Which of these organisms inhabits the area at or above the high tide line on a sandy beach?

A)Sea cucumber
B)Blue crab
C)Ghost crab
D)Moon snail

Question 35

In terms of oxygen,the interstitial water in muddy bottoms:

A)Has plenty of it since temperature is much higher than in the water column.
B)Accumulates it as a result of photosynthesis by inhabitants of the sediment.
C)Recirculates very frequently so it is high.
D)Is deficient in it.
E)Is deficient in it but only during the day.