Deck 53: The Reproductive System

Question 1

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
A.birth control pill
B.intrauterine device
C.diaphragm
D.foams and jellies
E.vasectomy
Surgical intervention.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

__________ stimulates secretion of testosterone by Leydig cells.

A)Estradiol
B)FSH
C)LH
D)Testosterone
E)Progesterone

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The immotile sperm develop motility in about 18 hours after arriving at the long,coiled tube called the _________.

A)vas deferens
B)semiferous tubules
C)epididymis
D)testis

Answer 3

C

Question 4

_________ stimulates growth of ovarian follicles.

A)Estradiol
B)FSH
C)LH
D)Progesterone
E)Testosterone

Question 5

________________ fertilization in which the males generally release their sperm into the water containing the eggs,is observed in some marine animals.

A)Automatic
B)External
C)Androgynous
D)Internal

Question 6

Internally fertilized organisms can either hatch from _____ or be born alive.

A)follicles
B)ducts
C)capsules
D)eggs

Question 7

A __________ oocyte is released from an ovary at ovulation,and it only completes meiosis if it is fertilized.

A)primary
B)germinal
C)secondary
D)ovum

Question 8

In females at puberty,the ________ cells begin to secrete the major female sex hormone,estradiol.

A)oocyte
B)corpus luteum
C)follicle
D)granulosa

Question 9

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
A.birth control pill
B.intrauterine device
C.diaphragm
D.foams and jellies
E.vasectomy
Prevention of embryo implantation.

Question 10

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
A.birth control pill
B.intrauterine device
C.diaphragm
D.foams and jellies
E.vasectomy
Sperm blockage.

Question 11

In males,sterilization involves a vasectomy,the removal of a portion of the __________ from each testis.

A)vas deferens
B)epididymis
C)seminiferous tubules
D)sertoli cells

Question 12

_________ stimulates spermatogenesis.

A)Estradiol
B)FSH
C)LH
D)Testosterone
E)Progesterone

Question 13

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
A.birth control pill
B.intrauterine device
C.diaphragm
D.foams and jellies
E.vasectomy
Sperm destruction.

Question 14

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
A.birth control pill
B.intrauterine device
C.diaphragm
D.foams and jellies
E.vasectomy
Prevention of egg maturation and ovulation.

Question 15

__________ stimulates ovulation.

A)Estradiol
B)FSH
C)LH
D)Testosterone
E)Porgesterone

Question 16

The avoidance of reproduction without giving up sexual intercourse is known as __________.

A)abstinence
B)the rhythm method
C)asexual reproduction
D)contraception

Question 17

Internally fertilized eggs develop and hatch outside the mother's body;this strategy for embryonic and fetal development is called ___________.

A)oviparity
B)placental development
C)marsupial development
D)vivipary

Question 18

_________ reproduction is the primary means of reproduction among the protists,cnideria,and tunicates.

A)Asexual
B)Sexual
C)Amorphous
D)Hermaphoditic

Question 19

Terrestrial vertebrates and some fish evolved _______ fertilization in which the male gametes are introduced into the female reproductive tract.

A)synchronous
B)external
C)internal
D)asexual

Question 20

The most important adaptation of the reptiles and birds to life on land was the development of the ________ egg.

A)shelled
B)amniotic
C)external
D)impermeable

Question 21

__________ stimulates contraction of uterus.

A)LH
B)Testosterone
C)Progesterone
D)Prolactin
E)Oxytocin

Question 22

Ovoviviparity is found in

A)reptiles.
B)birds.
C)mammals.
D)mollies and guppies.
E)marsupials.

Question 23

The intense selective pressure for terrestrial vertebrates to evolve internal fertilization was that on land

A)the eggs are too small for the males to find and fertilize.
B)the gametes could not be released next to each other,as they would soon dry up and perish.
C)there is no mechanism for eggs and sperm to find one another.
D)terrestrial organisms only produce small quantities of gametes.
E)gametes and zygotes are vulnerable to predators.

Question 24

__________ completes preparation of uterus for pregnancy.

A)FSH
B)LH
C)Testosterone
D)Progesterone
E)Prolactin

Question 25

The hormones involved in the estrous cycle are

A)FSH.
B)LH.
C)MSH.
D)FSH and LH.
E)LS and MSH.

Question 26

In humans,which embryonic tissues are "indifferent"?

A)vertebral columns
B)brain stems
C)adrenal glands
D)spinal cords
E)gonads

Question 27

Which of the following statements is true in reptiles?

A)Eggs undergo external fertilization.
B)Sperm are released in the vicinity of the female.
C)Eggs have an amnion and a chorion.
D)Larvae become adults by metamorphosis.
E)Embryonic and fetal development in all species is only by oviparity.

Question 28

An adult male produces sperm continuously by meiotic division of the germinal cells lining the

A)Malpighian tubules.
B)Fallopian tubules.
C)seminiferous tubules.
D)epididymis tubules.
E)vas deferens tubules.

Question 29

Metamorphosis is a feature of

A)amphibians.
B)mammals.
C)fish.
D)reptiles.
E)vertebrates.

Question 30

The most primitive mammals incubate their eggs in a nest and the young hatchlings obtain their milk by licking the mammary glands.These are called

A)monotremes.
B)marsupials.
C)apes.
D)opossums.
E)kangaroos.

Question 31

_________ prompts monthly preparation of uterus for pregnancy.

A)Estradiol
B)Testosterone
C)Progesterone
D)Prolactin
E)Oxytocin

Question 32

Ovulation occurs by the sudden secretion of

A)estrogen hormone.
B)luteinizing hormone.
C)follicle stimulation hormone.
D)progesterone hormone.
E)hCG hormonE.

Question 33

Reproduction in reptiles compares to reproduction in birds in that

A)birds are oviparous,reptiles are ovoviviparous.
B)both newly hatched birds and reptiles require parental care.
C)both exhibit external fertilization.
D)the eggs of both birds and reptiles have protective shells.
E)male or female reptiles reproduce asexually;birds do not.

Question 34

Mammals that retain their young for a long period of development within the mother's uterus are

A)monotremes.
B)placentals.
C)marsupials.

Question 35

The only mammals that lay eggs are called

A)monotremes.
B)placentals.
C)marsupials.

Question 36

This process is absent in mammals with an estrous cycle.

A)oogenesis
B)homeostasis
C)ovulation
D)menstruation
E)placenta formation

Question 37

Which of the following is not correctly matched in their modes of reproduction?

A)protists-fission
B)humans-parthenogenesis/internal reproduction
C)cnideria-budding
D)tape worm-hermaphroditism
E)bees-parthenogenesis/internal reproduction

Question 38

__________ stimulates production of milk.

A)LH
B)Testosterone
C)Progesterone
D)Prolactin
E)Oxytocin

Question 39

An organism in which internally-fertilized eggs are laid to develop and hatch outside the mother's body is

A)placental.
B)viviparous.
C)oviparous.
D)marsupial.
E)ovoviviparous.

Question 40

The hormone that is tested for in all pregnancy tests is

A)estrogen hormone.
B)luteinizing hormone.
C)follicle stimulation hormone.
D)progesterone hormone.
E)hCG hormonE.

Question 41

Normal fertilization of an egg by a sperm to produce the zygote in a human female occurs

A)at the ovary upon ovulation.
B)in the uterus after the egg has implanted.
C)in the uterus before the egg has implanted.
D)near the cervix before the egg leaves the female.
E)in the Fallopian tubE.

Question 42

Select the incorrect statement about oral contraception.

A)Oral contraceptives prevent ovulation.
B)Oral contraceptives (if taken strictly according to directions)have a failure rate of between 1 and 5 percent.
C)Oral contraceptives contain analogues of progesterone and sometimes these analogues are in combination with estrogens.
D)Oral contraceptives have been shown to reduce the risks of endometrial and ovarian cancers.
E)Oral contraceptives are safe to use by females who smoke as long as they maintain a good exercise regimE.

Question 43

Which of the following are considered as asexual reproduction?
I-fission
II-parthenogenesis
III-budding
IV-hermaphroditism

A)I and II
B)I and III
C)I and IV
D)I,II,and III
E)II,III,and IV

Question 44

Select the mismatched hormone with its function.

A)FSH in males-stimulates spermatogenesis
B)FSH in females-stimulates growth of ovarian follicles
C)LH in males-stimulates development of male secondary sexual characteristics
D)LH in females-stimulates ovulation
E)Oxytocin in females-stimulates contraction of the uterus and the milk ejection reflex

Question 45

The scrotum,the inguinal canal outside the abdomen in which the testes are suspended,is essential in the males of mammals because

A)sperm must be closer to the penis to be ejaculated.
B)there is not enough space in the abdomen to grow properly.
C)lower temperature is required for normal development of sperm.
D)there is too much hormonal influence if they remain in the abdomen.
E)all of thesE.

Question 46

The embryos of marsupials are

A)born fully developed.
B)born highly underdeveloped.
C)hatched from an internal egg.
D)hatched from an externally laid egg.
E)nourished by the placenta.

Question 47

Meiosis of primary oocytes undergo meiosis to ultimately produce

A)four ovA.
B)three ova and one polar body.
C)one ovum.
D)one ovum and one polar body.
E)one ovum and two polar bodies.

Question 48

The uterine lining proliferates during the female cycle and then sloughs off in the process of

A)birth.
B)fertilization.
C)menstruation.
D)ovulation.
E)placentation.

Question 49

There are numerous fish genera that have individuals that can change their sex during their lifetime.This is referred to as

A)sequential hermaphroditism.
B)sequential sex determination.
C)sequential parthenogenesis.
D)sequential production of gametes.
E)sequential fertilization.

Question 50

All of the following are male accessory organs except the

A)epididymis.
B)vas deferens.
C)prostate gland.
D)Fallopian tube.
E)seminal vesicles.

Question 51

Select the correct sequence of events of the human menstrual phase beginning and ending with the menstrual cycle.

A)menstrual phase $\rarr$ proliferative phase $\rarr$ ovulation $\rarr$ secretory phase $\rarr$ menstrual phase
B)menstrual phase $\rarr$ ovulation $\rarr$ secretory phase $\rarr$ proliferative phase $\rarr$ menstrual phase
C)menstrual phase $\rarr$ secretory phase $\rarr$ proliferative phase $\rarr$ ovulation $\rarr$ menstrual phase
D)menstrual phase $\rarr$ proliferative phase $\rarr$ secretory phase $\rarr$ ovulation $\rarr$ menstrual phase

Question 52

The hormone assayed in the pregnancy tests is

A)LH.
B)FSH.
C)estrogen.
D)progesterone.
E)hCG.

Question 53

The most commonly employed form of birth control in the United States is

A)abstinence.
B)prevention of ovulation by hormonal inhibition.
C)sperm blockage with condoms.
D)sterilization.
E)prevention of embryo implantation with IUD.

Question 54

Select the incorrect statement regarding the human female reproductive system.

A)The ovarian follicle is the functional unit of the ovary.
B)The granulosa cells secrete estrogen,which triggers menarche.
C)The Fallopian tubes transport ova from the ovary to the uterus.
D)The clitoris contains corpora cavernosa tissue,which is a type of erectile tissue.
E)The uterus is lined with granulosa cells.

Question 55

Males are generally considered sterile if their sperm count per milliliter of semen is under

A)1 million.
B)10 million.
C)20 million.
D)50 million.
E)100 million.

Question 56

Birth control pills prevent fertilization by

A)altering the uterine environment so that sperm cannot survive.
B)preventing follicle development and ovulation.
C)providing hormonal signals that fertilization has already occurred.
D)inhibiting menstruation.
E)preventing implantation.

Question 57

Which of the following is not a female accessory sex organ?

A)Fallopian tubes
B)vagina
C)uterus
D)cervix
E)epididymis

Question 58

Which of the following is not correctly matched?

A)FSH stimulates Sertoli cells in the testes.
B)LH stimulates Leydig cells in the testes.
C)Testosterone stimulates corpus luteum.
D)GnRH stimulates the anterior pituitary glanD.
E)Testosterone inhibits the release of LH directly and GnRH indirectly.

Question 59

The sperm head encloses a compact nucleus and is capped by a vesicle called a(n)

A)Sertoli cell.
B)flagellum.
C)acrosome.
D)vas deferens.
E)epididymis.

Question 60

The embryos of placental mammals

A)are born immediately after fertilization.
B)develop inside a leathery shell.
C)complete development in a pouch.
D)hatch from an internal egg.
E)are totally dependent on the mother for complete development.

Question 61

Which hormone prevents the corpus luteum from degenerating?

A)LH
B)FSH
C)hCG
D)progesterone
E)estrogen

Question 62

There were exceptions to the generality that amphibians lay eggs that develop in the water.These exceptions showed extreme variation but they did have one thing in common.What is it?

A)They all develop in some sort of pouch.
B)They all develop in environments where there are no lakes.
C)They all develop in an environment with adequate moisture.
D)They all develop in a camouflaged environment.
E)They all develop more slowly than eggs developed in water.

Question 63

Which of the following have young which feed on breast milk?

A)marsupials
B)monotremes
C)placental mammals
D)placental mammals and masrupials
E)placental mammals,marsupials,and monotremes

Question 64

Vertebrates that practice internal fertilization employ three strategies for embryonic and fetal development.The strategy in which the female retains the eggs within her body and the young are fully developed when they hatch inside of her is called

A)oviparity.
B)ovoviviparity.
C)viviparity.
D)protogyny.
E)protandry.

Question 65

Select the item that is not common among reptile and bird eggs.

A)amnion
B)incubation temperature
C)calcareous shell
D)yolk sac
E)allantois

Question 66

Which of the following is the area where sperm develop their motility?

A)seminal vesicle
B)seminiferous tubules
C)epididymis
D)vas deferens
E)acrosome

Question 67

Internal fertilization likely evolved

A)to increase the chances of successful fertilization.
B)as a response to copulation.
C)because there were no safe places to lay eggs.
D)as an adaptation to life in a terrestrial environment.

Question 68

Choose the correct statement regarding estrous and menstrual cycles.

A)Animals with estrous cycles ovulate only after copulation.
B)Menstrual cycles are longer than estrous cycles.
C)Copulation can only occur during ovulation in the menstrual cycle.
D)The lining of the uterus is shed during menstruation and estrous.
E)Ovulation only occurs during the menstrual cyclE.

Question 69

The eggs of birds contain a fluid-filled cavity called the

A)chorion.
B)allantois.
C)yolk saC.
D)amnion.
E)Graafian folliclE.

Question 70

Injecting exogenous testosterone into a male results in a physiological process known as

A)androgen loading.
B)negative feedback.
C)anabolysis.
D)spermatic upregulation.
E)illegal sporting activity.

Question 71

You notice that in your aquarium full of undoubtedly male fish,one is laying eggs.Upon a bit of research,you find out that the species of fish you purchased is a sequential hermaphrodite.Which of the following is true?

A)One of the male fish underwent protandry.
B)One of the male fish fertilized its own eggs.
C)Since the fish are hermaphrodites,one of the male fish laid eggs and another will likely fertilize them.
D)The fish show parthenogenesis therefore their eggs do not have to be fertilized to be viable.
E)The fish show protogyny,which allows the males to lay eggs.

Question 72

Vertebrates that practice internal fertilization employ three strategies for embryonic and fetal development.The strategy in which the female retains the young and the young develop and obtain nourishment from the female's blood is referred to as

A)oviparity.
B)ovoviviparity.
C)viviparity.
D)protogyny.
E)protandry.

Question 73

According to the figure,what is occurring during day 2?

A)ovulation
B)release of corpus luteum
C)menstruation
D)luteal regression
E)copulation

Question 74

According to the figure,what is the only hormone that doesn't peak during ovulation?

A)progesterone
B)FSH
C)LH
D)estrogen
E)all female reproductive hormones peak at ovulation

Question 75

Which of the following determines genetic sex (male or female)in mammals?

A)the Y chromosome contained in the egg
B)the SRY gene on the Y chromosome
C)the temperature of the developing fetus
D)the genetic makeup of the parents
E)the acrosome of the sperm

Question 76

If utilized properly,what is the least effective means of birth control?

A)oral contraceptive
B)condom
C)foam
D)IUD
E)implant

Question 77

According to the figure,what is the best answer to the likely day of implantation?

A)day 3
B)day 27
C)day 13
D)day 21
E)day 7