Deck 11: Nutrition: Food for Thought

Question 1

Comparing peanut oil and chicken fat,what do you observe?

A)Peanut oil has more saturated fat than chicken fat.
B)Chicken fat has more linoleic acid than peanut oil.
C)Peanut oil has more monounsaturated fatty acids.
D)Chicken fat has more total unsaturated fatty acids.

Answer 1

Peanut oil has more monounsaturated fatty acids.

Question 2

What is the difference between a fat and an oil?

A)A fat is a triglyceride,an oil is a monoglyceride.
B)A fat is solid,while an oil is liquid at room temperature.
C)A fat is a lipid,an oil is not.
D)A fat is made from fatty acids,an oil is made from oily acids.

Answer 2

A fat is solid,while an oil is liquid at room temperature.

Question 3

Which statement correctly describes starch and cellulose?

A)Starch is a polymer of glucose,cellulose is not.
B)Starch and cellulose have identical structures but different properties.
C)Starch and cellulose are both made from glucose but have different linkages.
D)Starch and cellulose are both easily digested by the body.

Answer 3

Starch and cellulose are both made from glucose but have different linkages.

Question 4

A triglyceride is

A)an ester of a fatty acid and three glycerol molecules.
B)an ester of three fatty acids and one glycerol molecule.
C)a polymer of fatty acids.
D)a polymer of glycerol.

Question 5

Which statement is false with respect to carbohydrates?

A)They are made up of carbon,hydrogen,and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio.
B)They are made from carbon dioxide and water by the process of photosynthesis.
C)They are metabolized in the body to produce energy.
D)They are the cause of obesity and should be eliminated from a healthful diet.

Question 6

Which statement below is correct?

A)Oils always have low percentages of saturated fat.
B)Lard has more saturated fat than butter.
C)All dietary fats have some percentage of saturated fats.
D)Butter has the smallest amount of polyunsaturated fat.

Question 7

Which statement best matches the raw material with its function?

A)Carbohydrates quickly supply carbon to repair damaged tissue.
B)Fats slowly supply carbon to build muscle during exercise.
C)Proteins supply the building blocks of enzymes needed to control biochemical reactions.
D)Vitamins supply the minerals necessary for strong bones and teeth.

Question 8

Which is not a polymer of glucose?

A)cellulose
B)cholesterol
C)glycogen
D)starch

Question 9

What is meant by malnutrition?

A)More calories than are necessary are consumed on a daily basis.
B)Daily caloric consumption is insufficient to meet metabolic needs.
C)Sufficient carbohydrate,fats,and proteins are consumed,but diet lacks micronutrients.
D)The diet is lacking in proper nutrients,even though caloric intake may be sufficient.

Question 10

You often hear the phrase,"You are what you eat." Which statement is true?

A)The food we eat provides the fundamental material to keep our bodies functioning.
B)Eating fats will make you fat because your body cannot digest fats.
C)The carbohydrates that you eat will cause your body to retain water,making you look bloated.
D)If you eat a lot of protein,your hair and nails will grow faster.

Question 11

Which statement is true? For those who are lactose-intolerant,consuming

A)dairy products results in diarrhea and excess gas.
B)red meat results in diarrhea and excess gas.
C)milk or yogurt leads to migraine headaches.
D)red meat leads to stomach cramping.

Question 12

The line-angle drawings of two fatty acids are shown.Which structural feature do they have in common?

A)carbon-carbon double bonds
B)carboxylic acid group (COOH)
C)polyunsaturation
D)They have no features in common.

Question 13

Which statement best fits the data presented?

A)Meat has the highest fat and protein content.
B)Peanut butter has the highest protein and fat content.
C)Cookies have the highest carbohydrate and lowest protein content.
D)Milk has the highest water and lowest carbohydrate content.

Question 14

Which oil has the greatest amount of monounsaturated fatty acids?

A)corn oil
B)olive oil
C)peanut oil
D)safflower oil

Question 15

The major elements in the human body are C,H,O,N,P and

A)Ca,Fe,Mg.
B)Ca,Fe,Na.
C)Ca,K,Zn.
D)Ca,Mg,Na.

Question 16

A disaccharide is formed when two monosaccharide units react via their OH functional groups.The linkage in a disaccharide is

A)H - to - O - to - H.
B)C - to - O - to -C.
C)C - to - O - to - H.
D)C - to - OH - to - C.

Question 17

Which is a monosaccharide?

A)cellulose
B)glucose
C)glycogen
D)sucrose

Question 18

What is the percentage composition of the average human body?

A)water 60%;fats 20%;carbohydrates and proteins 20%
B)water 50%;fats 10%;carbohydrates and proteins 20%
C)water 70%;fats 10%;carbohydrates and proteins 20%
D)water 50%;fats 20%;carbohydrates 20%;and proteins 10%

Question 19

When three fatty acid molecules combine with one molecule of glycerol,what forms?

A)one molecule of a triglyceride and one molecule of water
B)one molecule of a triglyceride and three molecules of water
C)three molecules of triglyceride and one molecule of water
D)three molecules of triglyceride and three molecules of water

Question 20

From the information given,which statement is false?

A)There are more H atoms than O in the body.
B)The greatest percentage of body weight comes from oxygen.
C)Carbon is the most important element.
D)There are more H atoms than C in the body.

Question 21

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)must be supplied daily in the diet.Why?

A)to keep you from catching cold
B)to keep your bones strong
C)to keep you from getting pellagra
D)to keep you from getting scurvy

Question 22

Which structure is correct for oleic acid,a monounsaturated fatty acid?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 23

Which butter substitute has the highest percentage of trans fats?

A)Benecol
B)Brummel & Brown
C)I Can't Believe It's Not Butter
D)All of the choices are the same.

Question 24

The following warning appears on cans of diet beverages sweetened with aspartame: "Phenylketonurics: Contains phenylalanine." Should you worry about drinking the beverage?

A)No.For the majority of people,aspartame is a safe alternative to sugar.
B)Yes.The majority of people lack the enzyme needed to transform phenylalanine into tyrosine.
C)No.Phenylalanine is an essential amino acid unavailable in any other food.
D)Yes.Phenylalanine causes mental retardation.

Question 25

Which ion is correctly matched with its important biological function?

A)I and X
B)II and Z
C)III and Y
D)IV and W

Question 26

Structurally,how are water soluble and fat soluble vitamins different?

A)Water soluble vitamins have more atoms than fat soluble vitamins.
B)Water soluble vitamins contain polar groups,such as OH and fat soluble do not.
C)Water soluble vitamins always have higher molecular masses than fat soluble vitamins.
D)Water soluble vitamins are stored in the urine and fat soluble are not.

Question 27

Which of the following would be classified as trace minerals required by the body for good health?

A)Ca,Na,K
B)Cu,Fe,Zn
C)Cr,I,Se
D)Mg,Fe,P

Question 28

Which is the most abundant mineral in the body?

A)calcium
B)magnesium
C)potassium
D)sodium

Question 29

Which butter substitute has the highest percentage of polyunsaturated fats?

A)Benecol
B)Brummel & Brown
C)I Can't Believe It's Not Butter
D)All of the choices are the same.

Question 30

If you were worried about your cholesterol intake,which breakfast should you not eat?

A)eggs fried in butter with bacon and white toast
B)pancakes with maple syrup
C)yogurt,granola,and fruit
D)cereal with fruit and whole milk

Question 31

If an adult has a "negative nitrogen balance," which statements are true?
I.Too much nitrogen is being used to build new protein.
II.Too little carbohydrate intake causes the body to metabolize muscle.
III.There is too much carbohydrate and not enough protein in the diet.
IV.The diet does not include enough of the essential amino acids.

A)I,II,and III only
B)II and III only
C)III and IV only
D)I,II,and IV only

Question 32

Which of these are considered to be macrominerals?
I.C
II.Ca
III.Cl
IV.Co
V.Cu

A)I and II only
B)II and III only
C)III and IV only
D)IV and V only

Question 33

How many different tripeptides can be made from a supply of glycine and lysine?

A)2
B)3
C)6
D)8

Question 34

All nine essential amino acids can be found in meat.By employing the nutritional principle of complementarity,a vegetarian gets all nine.What is complementarity?

A)combining foods that complement each other's essential amino acids
B)taking essential amino acid supplements to complement the diet
C)complementing a vegetable with a fruit at every meal
D)having milk to complement every meal

Question 35

Which formula below represents a trans fatty acid?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 36

The fat soluble vitamins,A,D,E,K,are stored in lipid material.Which statement is true?

A)These vitamins are not as important as the water soluble ones.
B)These vitamins do not have to be taken daily.
C)Ingesting excess amounts of these vitamins does no harm.
D)These vitamins have to be taken in pill form because they are not usually found in foods.

Question 37

Two amino acids combine to form a dipeptide when the amino group of one reacts with the acid group of the other.Which structure is correct?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 38

If you are a vegan,you could still have an elevated serum cholesterol because

A)cholesterol is present in fruits and vegetables too.
B)you eat pasta every day.
C)you love to eat French fries.
D)both your parents had high serum cholesterol levels.

Question 39

Which butter substitute has the lowest percentage of monounsaturated fats?

A)Benecol
B)Brummel & Brown
C)I Can't Believe It's Not Butter
D)All of the choices are the same.

Question 40

Valine and lysine are both amino acids.Structurally how could you distinguish between them?

A)Valine has an amino group,lysine does not.
B)Lysine has an acid group,valine does not.
C)Valine and lysine have different side chains.
D)Valine is an essential amino acid,lysine is not.

Question 41

Looking at the data in this chart,which observations are correct?
I.The percentage of the population that are undernourished in developing countries has fallen steadily since 1969.
II.The largest decline in undernourished population was in Asia and the Pacific.
III.No region has seen an increase in the undernourished population in any time period after 1969.

A)I and II
B)I and III
C)II and III
D)I,II,and III

Question 42

A 20-year old female weighing 60 kg (132 pounds)has a BMR of 1,440 Cal/day but her daily recommended intake is 2,200 Cal/day.What does this mean?

A)Only 65% of the energy derived from her food intake goes to keep her body system going.
B)Only 35% of the energy derived from her food intake goes to keep her body system going.
C)760 Calories are used for her bodily functions.
D)She needs to reduce her caloric intake or she will become obese.

Question 43

Which of the following was not used to preserve food?

A)BHA
B)DDT
C)salt
D)vitamin E

Question 44

What is meant by the statement "sat fat is bad"?

A)All unsaturated fats are good.
B)Ingesting saturated fats can increase the threat of heart disease.
C)Obese people eat only saturated fats.
D)Fat cells tend to accumulate in the lower part of the body.

Question 45

All of the energy we need to run our bodies comes from the food we eat.Which statement is false concerning this energy consumption?

A)Metabolism reverses the process of photosynthesis and produces energy from glucose.
B)More oxygen is required to burn one gram of a fatty acid than to burn one gram of glucose.
C)Proteins are not used by the body to provide energy.
D)The body converts glucose into carbon dioxide and water in one fast reaction.

Question 46

The basal metabolism rate (BMR)is

A)the minimum amount of energy required daily for your body to function.
B)the same value for all people within an age group.
C)dependent on a person's daily caloric intake.
D)usually higher for women because they weigh less than men.

Question 47

Instead of a chemical additive to preserve food,will heating and/or chilling the food work just as well?

A)Yes,both methods will kill bacteria and prevent spoilage.
B)No,neither method will kill bacteria nor prevent spoilage.
C)Heating will work but chilling will only retard spoilage.
D)Chilling will work but heating will destroy all the nutrients.

Question 48

A 120-pound person uses 3 Calories per minute walking at a 20 min/mile pace.Approximately,how many miles would a person have to walk to burn off a scoop of ice cream (175 Calories)?

A)1.5 miles
B)2.0 miles
C)2.5 miles
D)3.0 miles

Question 49

Compounds added to food to minimize oxidation of unsaturated fats are called

A)antacids.
B)anticoagulants.
C)antioxidants.
D)antireductants.

Question 50

Which activity would a 70-kg person need to do to "burn off" a meal consisting of a hamburger (350 Calories),3 oz of potato chips (1 oz = 108 Calories),and 2 beers (1 "regular" beer = 100 Calories)?

A)golf for 3 hours
B)hike for 2 hours
C)run for 1 hour
D)swim for 1 hour

Question 51

What generalization is true from this data?

A)Males require more calories per day than women.
B)Older people require more calories per day than younger people.
C)There is no relationship between activity level and recommended caloric intake.
D)There is no relationship between gender and recommended caloric intake.

Question 52

Which equation correctly shows the breakdown of glucose by the body?

A)C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + energy
B)C₁₂H₂₄O₂ + 17 O₂ → 12 CO₂ + 12 H₂O + energy
C)C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + 12 O₂ → 12 CO₂ + 11 H₂O + energy
D)6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ + energy

Question 53

BHA and BHT are examples of antioxidants.They are added it to foods to

A)prevent packaged,processed foods from becoming rancid.
B)prevent mold from growing on food.
C)enhance the flavor of food.
D)increase the shelf life of processed foods.

Question 54

If a body needs approximately 1 Cal/kg of body weight per hour,about how many calories would a 75-kg (165 pounds)man need per day?

A)1650 Cal/day
B)1800 Cal/day
C)3900 Cal/day
D)7500 Cal/day

Question 55

For good health,which daily intake of minerals is best?

A)1 g Na⁺ and a trace amount of Se
B)10 g Na⁺ and a trace amount of Se
C)1 g of Na⁺ and 1 g of Se
D)10 g of Na⁺ and 1 g of Se

Question 56

What are some strategies for reducing world hunger?
I.Increase the use of fertilizers and pesticides to increase crop yields.
II.Use high yield genetically modified grains ("green revolution").
III.Educate the poor so that they will understand nutrition.
IV.Distribute the world's food supply more equitably.

A)I and II only
B)III and IV only
C)I,II,and III
D)I,II,and IV

Question 57

Which statements about dietary fat intake are true?
I.Eating trans fat increases the risk of heart disease substantially.
II.Eating saturated fat increases the risk of heart disease slightly.
III.Eating unsaturated fats decreases the risk of heart disease.

A)I and II only
B)II and III only
C)I and III only
D)I,II,and III

Question 58

What factors determine how many calories per day a person needs?
I.health
II.level of activity
III.gender
IV.age
V.body size

A)I and II only
B)II,III,and IV only
C)I,II,and V only
D)I,II,III,IV,and V