Deck 25: Genitourinary Tract Infections

Question 1

Acute bacterial endocarditis differs from subacute bacterial endocarditis in the

A)suddenness and severity of onset.
B)population affected.
C)resultant damage.
D)development of exotoxin shock.

Answer 1

suddenness and severity of onset.

Question 2

The spleen,in part,functions to cleanse the

A)lymph.
B)interstitial fluid.
C)cytoplasm.
D)blood.

Answer 2

blood.

Question 3

The condition that develops on a previously damaged heart valve is called

A)an aneurysm.
B)acute bacterial endocarditis.
C)myocarditis.
D)subacute bacterial endocarditis.

Answer 3

subacute bacterial endocarditis.

Question 4

The circulation of an agent in the bloodstream is given a name ending in

A)-ase.
B)-ing.
C)-emia.
D)-ation.

Question 5

The small bean-shaped bodies into which the lymphatic vessels drain are the

A)lymph nodes.
B)adrenals.
C)subclavian veins.
D)valves.

Question 6

The most common agent(s)causing subacute bacterial endocarditis is/are

A)Streptococcus pyogenes.
B)Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
C)normal skin or mouth microbiota.
D)Escherichia coli.

Question 7

A visible red streak in an infected hand or foot is referred to as

A)septicemia.
B)bacteremia.
C)lymphangitis.
D)edema.

Question 8

Although endotoxemia affects many organs,the organ most seriously and irreversibly affected is the

A)heart.
B)lung.
C)kidney.
D)spleen.

Question 9

The sac which surrounds the heart is called the

A)endocardium.
B)pericardium.
C)atrium.
D)myocardium.

Question 10

The plague bacillus is known as

A)Plasmodium vivax.
B)Pneumocystis carinii.
C)Streptococcus pyogenes.
D)Yersinia pestis.

Question 11

The scientist responsible for the development of the first anti-plague vaccine in 1866 was

A)Alexandre Yersin.
B)Robert Koch.
C)Louis Pasteur.
D)Josef Marburg.

Question 12

Bacteria which cause subacute bacterial endocarditis may gain access to the bloodstream by

A)trauma.
B)dental procedures.
C)brushing teeth.
D)ingestion.
E)trauma,dental procedures AND brushing teeth.

Question 13

The fluid which bathes and nourishes the tissue cells is the

A)cytoplasm.
B)lymph.
C)blood.
D)interstitial fluid.

Question 14

Which organism may be implicated in arteriosclerosis?

A)Escherichia coli
B)Pseudomonas aeruginosa
C)Staphylococcus aureus
D)Chlamydia pneumoniae

Question 15

The material released from bacteria that may lead to shock and death in septicemia is

A)exotoxin.
B)protein
C)endotoxin.
D)interferon.

Question 16

The inflammatory effects of immune complexes lodged in the kidney is called

A)renal phritis.
B)rendema.
C)glomerulonephritis.
D)urethritis.

Question 17

Blood and lymph may carry

A)antibodies.
B)complement.
C)lysozyme.
D)interferon.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 18

The heart chamber that passes blood to the lungs is the

A)left ventricle.
B)right ventricle.
C)right atrium.
D)left atrium.

Question 19

Which of the following is more likely to cause fatal septicemias?

A)Gram-positive bacteria
B)Gram-negative bacteria
C)negative stained bacteria
D)acid-fast stained bacteria

Question 20

High levels of antibodies in patients with SBE cause inflammation because

A)they make the bacteria clump together and get trapped in skin and eyes.
B)the surface antigens change rapidly and become unrecognizable.
C)the antibodies are defective.
D)the antibodies degrade quickly.

Question 21

The production of heterophile antibody is associated with

A)tularemia.
B)brucellosis.
C)plague.
D)infectious mononucleosis.

Question 22

The development of lymph node enlargement in the region of a skin ulcer after a tick or insect bite or handling of a wild animal suggests

A)brucellosis.
B)endocarditis.
C)septicemia.
D)tularemia.

Question 23

Which of the following is/are able to survive phagocytosis?

A)Brucella sp.
B)Staphylococcus aureus
C)Francisella tularensis
D)Brucella sp AND Francisella tularensis

Question 24

The disease responsible for the death of approximately ¼ the population of Europe from 1346 to 1350 was

A)typhus.
B)pneumonia.
C)influenza.
D)plague.

Question 25

Yops proteins,produced by Yersinia pestis,

A)interfere with phagocytosis.
B)activates plasminogen activator.
C)destroys C3b and C5a.
D)promotes apoptosis.

Question 26

The causative agent of plague is

A)Vibrio cholerae.
B)Staphylococcus aureus.
C)Brucella abortus.
D)Yersinia pestis.

Question 27

Traditionally the animal(s)associated with hosting Brucella is/are

A)cattle.
B)dogs.
C)goats.
D)pigs.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 28

Brucellosis may also be known as

A)Bang's disease.
B)undulant fever.
C)Hansen's disease.
D)rabbit fever.
E)Bang's disease AND undulant fever.

Question 29

Which of the following may be transmitted by saliva?

A)infectious mononucleosis
B)Dengue fever
C)plague
D)yellow fever

Question 30

Symptoms of plague appear in

A)two to three months.
B)one to two years.
C)three to six hours.
D)one to six days.

Question 31

Enlargement of lymph nodes or spleen is often associated with

A)tularemia.
B)brucellosis.
C)plague.
D)gastritis.
E)tularemia,brucellosis AND plague.

Question 32

The plague is typically transmitted via the bite of

A)ticks.
B)fleas.
C)lice.
D)mites.

Question 33

Yersinia pestis typically contains

A)one plasmid.
B)two plasmids.
C)three plasmids.
D)four plasmids.

Question 34

The "Black Death" may also be known as

A)tularemia.
B)brucellosis.
C)endocarditis.
D)plague.

Question 35

Epstein-Barr virus may become latent in

A)red blood cells.
B)T cells.
C)nerve cells.
D)B cells.

Question 36

In order to culture the organism responsible for tularemia,the growth media must contain

A)charcoal.
B)glucose.
C)cysteine.
D)NAD.

Question 37

The common name for tularemia is

A)Bang's disease.
B)rabbit fever.
C)Hansen's disease.
D)Chagas' disease.

Question 38

The cause of infectious mononucleosis is

A)varicella virus.
B)Staphylococcus aureus.
C)Epstein-Barr virus.
D)Francisella tularensis.

Question 39

Enlargement of lymph nodes or spleen is often associated with

A)tularemia.
B)brucellosis.
C)plague.
D)infectious mononucleosis.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 40

The major virulence factors of Yersinia pestis are carried on

A)the chromosome.
B)a plasmid.
C)three separate plasmids.
D)nuclear membrane.

Question 41

In which of the following diseases does the spleen enlarge?

A)infectious mononucleosis
B)malaria
C)leishmaniasis
D)brucellosis
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 42

How would crowded conditions in cities favor spread of plague?

A)Plague is transmitted by rats-more people means more waste,and more waste means more rats.This would favor the spread of plague.
B)Plague is transmitted by mosquitoes-more people close together gives an infected mosquito more chances to bite humans and transmit the causative agent,spreading plague.
C)Plague is transmitted by infected fleas-these fleas may be found on rodents (such as rats).More people in an area means a greater chance of interactions with animals carrying infected fleas,increasing the spread of plague.
D)Plague is transmitted by direct contact (e.g.skin to skin).More people in an area provides more chances for infected individuals to directly contact and infect other individuals,spreading plague.

Question 43

Both malaria and yellow fever are transmitted by mosquitoes.

Question 44

Which species of Plasmodium causes the most serious form of malaria?

A)ovale
B)malariae
C)vivax
D)falciparum

Question 45

Plasmodium falciparum causes the most serious form of malaria.

Question 46

Which of the following is transmitted by mosquitoes?

A)plague
B)yellow fever
C)malaria
D)tularemia
E)yellow fever AND malaria

Question 47

Which of the following is caused by a protozoan infection?

A)malaria
B)yellow fever
C)tularemia
D)infectious mononucleosis

Question 48

Both Francisella tularensis and Brucella melitensis are able to survive phagocytosis.

Question 49

The major virulence factors of Yersinia pestis are carried on a plasmid.

Question 50

The media used to successfully grow Francisella tularensis must contain cysteine.

Question 51

What is the difference between 'bacteremia' and 'septicemia?'

A)Bacteremia is an infection with bacteria.Septicemia is an infection with Septic protozoans.
B)Bacteremia is the presence of living,multiplying bacteria in the bloodstream.Septicemia is the presence of endotoxins,but not necessarily of living microbial agents.
C)Septicemia is the presence of living,multiplying bacteria in the bloodstream.Bacteremia is the presence of endotoxins,but not necessarily of living microbial agents.
D)There is no difference-both terms denote the presence of living bacterial cells in the bloodstream.

Question 52

Yellow fever is transmitted by

A)ticks.
B)fleas.
C)Anopheles mosquitoes.
D)Aedes mosquitoes.

Question 53

Septicemia is only caused by Gram-negative bacteria.

Question 54

Yellow fever is caused by a protozoan infection.

Question 55

The disease caused by an enveloped single-stranded RNA arbovirus of the flavivirus family is

A)AIDS.
B)malaria.
C)yellow fever.
D)herpes.

Question 56

In a malarial infection,only sporozoites can infect the human liver.

Question 57

Why does it take more than a week before a mosquito just infected with yellow fever virus can transmit the disease?

A)The virus must replicate in the gut of the mosquito before it can reach high enough numbers for transmission to a new human.
B)Mosquitoes only feed once a week,which limits their ability to transmit the disease rapidly.
C)Yellow fever is caused by a protozoan.It must develop from the sporozoite form into the mature form to become infectious,and this takes time.
D)The virus multiplies in the gut of the mosquito,but then needs to migrate to the proboscis (biting nose)of the animal in order to infect a new human being after a new bite.This migration takes time.

Question 58

Muscles aid the flow of venous blood.

Question 59

Gram-positive organisms are more likely to cause fatal septicemias than other infectious agents.