Deck 22: B: Community Ecology Whats Happening to Honey Bees

Question 1

You are tasked with trying to restore the biodiversity in a national park.How might your understanding of keystone species affect your management plans?

Answer 1

Because keystone species affect so many other species in the community,focusing efforts on increasing populations of keystone species will,by default,help increase populations of other species and increase biodiversity as a result.

Question 2

Which is NOT necessarily true of a keystone species?

A) Its loss would decrease the population of other species.
B) Its removal negatively impacts the community.
C) Its loss would harm the ecosystem.
D) It is the most abundant species in the community.
E) Its biomass may not be great in the community.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which food crop would not be affected by colony collapse disorder?

A) melons
B) apples
C) brocoli
D) alfalfa
E) corn

Answer 3

E

Question 4

The economic value of crops pollinated by honey bees was estimated in 2000 to be

A) $14 billion.
B) $14 million.
C) $1 million.
D) $4 billion.
E) $4 million.

Question 5

Which would NOT be considered a keystone species in its habitat?

A) Tiger shark
B) A predator
C) Salamander
D) Human
E) Sea otter

Question 6

Given what you know about moose and wolf ecology on Isle Royale,would you consider one of these species to be a keystone species? If so,which one? Explain your answer.

Question 7

Which plant grouping relies heavily on bee or insect pollination?

A) ferns
B) gymnosperms
C) bryophytes
D) angiosperms
E) mosses

Question 8

What is a keystone species and why are they so important?

Question 9

Why have honey bees become the most useful pollinators to farmers?

A) They do not stray too far from their hives.
B) They are the most efficient pollinators.
C) They can be transported easily to farms.
D) Over 40,000 bees can live in one hive.
E) All of the above.

Question 10

Which might NOT be considered a keystone species in its habitat?

A) a prey species
B) a predator species
C) plants that feed insects
D) insects that pollinate plants
E) All of the above.

Question 11

If honey bees become extinct,which food supply would also be negatively impacted?

A) apples
B) oranges
C) melons
D) pears
E) All of the above.

Question 12

Which crop relies exclusively on honey bee pollination?

A) cantaloupe
B) wheat
C) cotton
D) almond
E) soybean

Question 13

A decrease in which keystone species has recently impacted agriculture in North America,Europe,and Asia?

A) bats
B) bees
C) birds
D) ants
E) humans

Question 14

If honey bees become extinct,which food supply will NOT be negatively affected?

A) broccoli
B) avocado
C) asparagus
D) almonds
E) wind or self-pollinated plants

Question 15

In the United States,how many crops are dependent on bees for pollination?

A) > 100
B) < 100
C) ≈ 50
D) < 50
E) < 25

Question 16

What makes an organism a keystone species?

A) Its loss would increase the population of other species.
B) It is important for pollination.
C) Its loss would negatively impact the community and ecosystem.
D) It is important for the survival of angiosperms.
E) It is the most abundant species in a community.

Question 17

Why are angiosperms important to honey bees?

A) They are a keystone species.
B) Pollen is a food source.
C) Flowers are a source of food.
D) The cones are sources of nectar and pollen.
E) All of the above.

Question 18

What percentage of global food crops are pollinated by insects?

A) 15%
B) 25%
C) 35%
D) 45%
E) 55%

Question 19

Which crop is LEAST likely to be pollinated by bees?

A) onions
B) oranges
C) soybeans
D) sunflower
E) almonds

Question 20

Are insects such as bees more important to coniferous plants or angiosperms? Explain your answer.

Question 21

Which can be considered an adaptation by angiosperms to increase the chances of pollination?

A) color
B) nectar
C) scent
D) flowers
E) All of the above.

Question 22

What percentage of energy in a food chain comprising a blueberry bush,a mouse,and a hawk does the top consumer actually receive from the producer?

A) 10%
B) 1%
C) 50%
D) 100%
E) 0%

Question 23

In angiosperms,the male reproductive structure is called the _________ and is topped with a pollen-saturated _________.The female structure is called the _________ and is topped with a sticky organ called the _________,where pollen is deposited.

A) stamen; anther; pistil; stigma
B) anther; stamen; stigma; pistil
C) stamen; stigma; pistil; anther
D) pistil; stigma; stamen; anther
E) pistil; anther; stamen; stigma

Question 24

Which is NOT true of consumers?

A) They are higher up the food chain.
B) They are heterotrophs.
C) They are photosynthetic.
D) Some are herbivores.
E) Some are carnivores.

Question 25

When a coyote eats a mouse,approximately how much of the mouse's energy is converted into coyote tissue?

A) 1%
B) 5%
C) 10%
D) 15%
E) 20%

Question 26

Without honey bees humans would lose all of the following foods,EXCEPT

A) apples.
B) broccoli.
C) carrots.
D) corn.
E) onions.

Question 27

Which of the following lists members of a food chain in order from bottom to top?

A) grass→salmon→grasshopper→bear
B) grass→grasshopper→salmon→bear
C) grasshopper→salmon→grass→bear
D) salmon→bear→grass→grasshopper
E) bear→salmon→grass→grasshopper

Question 28

What is the correct order of the steps required for pollination by honey bee in search of nectar?

A) eggs in ovary fertilized
B) pollen goes from style to ovary
C) pollen transferred from anthers of stamens to bee
D) bee lands on flower
E) pollen transferred from bee to stigma

Question 29

What percentage of the total energy in a food chain is passed from one organism to the next?

A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 50%
D) 90%
E) > 90%

Question 30

Which is NOT a top-level consumer in a food chain?

A) hawk
B) coyote
C) wolves
D) human carnivore
E) human vegetarian

Question 31

When you eat an apple you are eating the

A) anther.
B) ovary.
C) stamen.
D) stigma.
E) style.

Question 32

Which are parts of the male reproductive system of an angiosperm?

A) anthers, stigma, and style
B) stamen, pollen, anthers, and filament
C) ovule, style, and ovary
D) pollen, stamen, style, and anther
E) style, stamen, and ovule

Question 33

Successful pollination produces an embryo that grows into a(n)

A) fruit.
B) seed.
C) flower.
D) ovule.
E) new plant.

Question 34

Which are parts of the female reproductive system of an angiosperm?

A) anthers, stigma, ovary, egg, and style
B) pollen, stamen, anthers, and filament
C) pistil, stigma, style, ovary, and egg
D) pollen, stamen, style, and anther
E) pistil, style, stamen, egg, and ovule

Question 35

The relationship between bees and plants is mutually beneficial to both species.Why? What does each species gain from the relationship?

Question 36

A scientist wishes to examine a beehive for information about where forager bees have been.What would be a key factor in this research?

A) the color of the honey
B) the texture of the honey
C) the pollen in the honey/hive
D) the clarity of the honey
E) the smell of the honey

Question 37

All of the following are true of honey bees,EXCEPT

A) they pollinate more than 100 different crops.
B) the crops they pollinate are worth $15 billion annually.
C) they are a keystone species.
D) they help pollinate angiosperms.
E) the workers are all male.

Question 38

What percentage of the total energy is lost due to metabolism,heat,and waste between trophic levels in a food chain?

A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 50%
D) 90%
E) 1%

Question 39

Where does pollination occur?

A) on bees
B) on flowers
C) on fruit
D) in hives
E) in air

Question 40

Pollen is found on this part of the flower.

A) anthers
B) stamen
C) ovule
D) ovary
E) style

Question 41

Pollinators select flowers based on

A) flower scent.
B) flower color.
C) petal size.
D) flower shape.
E) All of the above.

Question 42

Symbioses describes

A) an interaction where one organism feeds on another.
B) feeding levels based on positions in a food chain.
C) interconnection of feeding relationships in a community.
D) species living in close association with each other.
E) a relationship where one member benefits and the other in unharmed.

Question 43

__________ occurs when one species benefits while another species is harmed,while __________ is when one species benefits while another species is unharmed.

A) Mutualism; commensalism
B) Commensalism; mutualism
C) Commensalism; parasitism
D) Parasitism; commensalism
E) Parasitism; mutualism

Question 44

A food web describes

A) the food chain in addition to predator-prey relationships.
B) the intersection of multiple food chains in a community.
C) parasitism in a food chain.
D) the addition of omnivores to a food chain.
E) symbiosis in a food chain.

Question 45

A niche describes

A) the habitat occupied by a species.
B) the space, environment, and resources necessary for a species fitness.
C) the community's place in a ecosystem.
D) the environment that an organism lives in.
E) the place where a population lives.

Question 46

An omnivore is

A) an herbivore.
B) a carnivore.
C) an animal eater.
D) a plant eater.
E) a plant and animal eater.

Question 47

Humans domesticated dogs 10,000 years ago.Of the three types of symbioses possible,which do you think best characterizes this relationship? Explain your answer.

Question 48

Competition for resources by two species occupying the same or similar niches is usually alleviated by

A) mutualism.
B) commensalism.
C) extinction of one species.
D) resource partitioning.
E) symbiosis.

Question 49

Which do you think would be a more stable ecosystem: one where each species has only one connection to another species,or one where each species has five connections to other species? Explain your answer.

Question 50

Write M (mutualistic),C (commensalistic),or P (parasitic)for the following symbiotic relationships:
A. both organisms benefit
B. one organism benefits and the other is unaffected
C. one organism benefits and the other is harmed

Question 51

Write M (mutualistic),C (commensalistic),or P (parasitic)for the following symbiotic relationships:
A. the varroa mite on a bee
B. bees in a hollow of a tree
C. bees and flowering plants
D. an orchid on a rainforest tree
E. protists in termites

Question 52

Listed below are examples of symbiotic relationships.Next to each one,write a "P" if it represents parasitism,a "C" if it represents commensalism,or an "M" if it represents mutualism.Note that the same answer may be used more than once.
man's relationship with dogs
ticks on a dog
spiders building their webs on plants
clown fish getting shelter from a sea anemone and chasing away fish that eat anemones

Question 53

If only 10% of the energy available in a plant is turned into body tissue of a cow,what happens to the other 90%?

Question 54

Flowers of different colors or scents have different

A) reproductive organs.
B) habitats.
C) pollinators.
D) petals.
E) nectar.

Question 55

What is a detailed and complex analysis of the feeding relationships in a community?

A) trophic levels
B) symbiosis
C) food chain
D) food web
E) keystone analysis

Question 56

List and define the three types of symbioses possible between organisms.

Question 57

Earth can support more people who are vegetarians than people who regularly consume meat.Why do you think this is?

Question 58

Food chains are overly simplistic,as they do not consider

A) carnivores.
B) herbivores.
C) omnivores.
D) producers.
E) consumers.

Question 59

Mice eat fruits and nuts,and snakes eat mice.Which of the following is most likely to happen if snakes are removed from the community?

A) The number of fruits and nuts will increase, but mice populations will be unchanged.
B) The number of fruits and nuts will increase, and mice populations will also increase.
C) The number of fruits and nuts will be unchanged, and mice populations will also be unchanged.
D) The number of fruits and nuts will be unchanged, but mice populations will decrease.
E) The number of fruits and nuts will decrease, but mice populations will increase.

Question 60

Mice eat fruits,nuts,and insects,while foxes eat fruits,nuts,and insects as well as mice.Speculate on what would happen to the abundance of mice,fruits,nuts,and insects if foxes are removed from the community.

Question 61

Two non-native species of bees are introduced into a new ecosystem.One species has a broad ecological niche,while the other has a narrow specialized niche.Which species is most likely to be successful in the new environment? Explain your answer.

Question 62

Where did the killer bee originate?

A) Africa
B) Brazil
C) Central America
D) New Guinea
E) Australia

Question 63

House sparrows are an introduced species from Europe that nest in cavities and birdhouses favored by native bluebirds.Speculate on all the possible outcomes of this competition and what may happen to bluebird population numbers.

Question 64

What strategy does the African honey bee use when competing for resources?

A) migration
B) generalist foraging behavior
C) defensive behavior
D) resource partitioning
E) sharing of resources

Question 65

What do scientists think is the cause of CCD?

A) a virus
B) pesticides.
C) a parasite
D) stress and nutrition
E) a combination of many factors; possibly all of the above

Question 66

Which has been observed in killer bees?

A) swarming
B) chasing away other pollinators from food sources
C) stinging animals near their hives
D) aggressive behavior
E) All of the above.

Question 67

Which community would support the greatest diversity of species-a community composed of species with broad ecological niches or a community composed of species with narrow,specialized ecological niches? Explain your answer.

Question 68

What may an individual do to help combat CCD?

A) plant bee-friendly plants
B) limit pesticide use
C) avoid spraying pesticides during the day
D) become a beekeeper
E) All of the above.

Question 69

Explain how human activities are causing honey bee populations to decline.

Question 70

What strategy does the imported honey bee,Apis mellifera,use when competing for resources?

A) migration
B) generalist foraging behavior
C) defensive behavior
D) resource partitioning
E) sharing of resources

Question 71

Introduction of non-native species of bees to the United States may cause

A) competition for limited resources.
B) a decline in native species.
C) migration of native bees.
D) partitioning of food resources.
E) All of the above.

Question 72

Name at least three factors implicated in causing colony collapse disorder.

Question 73

As a result of competition,

A) one species may go extinct.
B) both species may divide resources and survive.
C) one or both populations are likely to decline.
D) biodiversity may increase.
E) All of the above.

Question 74

An ecological niche is best defined as

A) the space a species requires.
B) the environmental conditions a species requires.
C) the food a species requires.
D) the other organisms on which the species depends.
E) All of the above.

Question 75

Explain why introducing a non-native species to a new environment can be harmful to the existing community.

Question 76

Red flowers with horizontal petals are generally pollinated by _________,while yellow,blue,and purple flowers are pollinated by _________,and pale or white flowers with a strong fragrance are pollinated by _________.

A) butterflies; bees; moths
B) butterflies; moths; bees
C) bees; butterflies; moths
D) moths; bees; butterflies
E) moths; butterflies; bees

Question 77

All of the following statements about niches is true,EXCEPT

A) a niche includes everything a species needs to survive and reproduce.
B) no two species can share identical niches.
C) species with overlapping niches experience competition.
D) species in competition partition resources and both coexist.
E) species with narrow niches never coexist with species having broad niches.

Question 78

Why would amateur beekeepers think their hive has CCD?

A) The honeycombs are destroyed.
B) The larvae are dead or dying.
C) There are sick and dying bees in and around the hive.
D) Thirty percent to 90% of the bees have disappeared.
E) The bees no longer forage.

Question 79

Why is it important to investigate and prevent the spread of colony collapse disorder (CCD)?

A) to protect our food chain.
B) to support the economy
C) to enhance diversity of bees
D) to prevent killer bee infestation
E) to protect bees because they are a keystone species

Question 80

Colony collapse disorder (CCD)is thought to be caused by many different factors.To reduce the occurrence of CCD,do you think it is necessary to eliminate all the factors or just some? Explain your answer.