Deck 1: The Chemical World

Question 1

Different molecules can have different shapes.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

A scientific law is a brief statement that summarizes past observations and predicts future ones.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Antoine Lavoisier observed that burning objects in a closed container resulted in a loss of mass.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Chemicals make up everything around you,including your own body.

Question 5

If experimental results contradict a hypothesis,the hypothesis must be either revised or discarded.

Question 6

A scientific theory describes the underlying reasons for observations and laws.

Question 7

All things are made of atoms or molecules.

Question 8

The Greek philosophers used observation and experimentation to understand the world.

Question 9

When a sealed can of soda pop is opened,the carbon dioxide gas fizzes out because the pressure is released.

Question 10

A hypothesis can never be proven as wrong.

Question 11

Both carbon dioxide molecules and water molecules consist of three atoms bonded together in a straight line.

Question 12

Atoms and molecules determine how matter behaves.

Question 13

Molecules are responsible for scattering light which causes the colors of the sunset.

Question 14

Chemists study the properties of substances and the particles that compose those substances.

Question 15

Theories can be tested and validated through experimentation.

Question 16

The properties of water do not depend on how the atoms are bonded together in the molecule.

Question 17

The scientific method emphasizes reason as the way to understand the world.

Question 18

The law of conservation of mass states,"In a chemical reaction matter can be created and destroyed."

Question 19

Chemistry is the science that seeks to understand what matter does by studying living organisms.

Question 20

A theory is always true and can never be proven as wrong.

Question 21

The first step in acquiring scientific knowledge is often the observation or measurement of some aspect of nature.

Question 22

Quantification involves measurement as part of an observation.

Question 23

The scientific method ensures that poor theories are eliminated over time and good theories remain.

Question 24

The phlogiston theory of combustion is still considered correct today.

Question 25

A theory can only exist after many experiments have validated a hypothesis.

Question 26

Scientific theories are also called models.

Question 27

Which of the following items does NOT contain chemicals?

A)drain cleaner
B)organically grown vegetables
C)air
D)insecticides
E)All of the above contain chemicals.

Question 28

The atomic theory explains why the law of conservation of mass is true.

Question 29

If a hypothesis is falsifiable,it means that the hypothesis was once considered true but is now considered false.

Question 30

Which of the following statements about soda pop is FALSE?

A)Soda pop is a chemical mixture of mostly sugar,water and carbon dioxide.
B)The molecules important to fizzing are carbon dioxide and water.
C)The carbon dioxide is forced to mix with the water by the presence of sugars.
D)When a can is opened,the pressure release allows carbon dioxide to form bubbles.
E)All of the above statements are true.

Question 31

A good definition of chemistry is:

A)the science that seeks to understand what matter does by studying what atoms and molecules do.
B)the science that seeks to understand what living organisms do by studying the molecules that make up the organism.
C)the science that seeks to understand what the universe does by studying interactions of molecules with atoms.
D)the science that seeks to understand the interactions of molecules for the sake of advancing human control over nature.
E)none of the above

Question 32

A theory is the equivalent of an opinion.

Question 33

Antoine Lavoisier proposed the atomic theory.

Question 34

Which statement about the scientific method is TRUE?

A)The scientific method emphasizes reason as the way to understand the world.
B)The scientific method emphasizes observation and reason as the way to understand the world.
C)The scientific method emphasizes observation and experimentation as the way to understand the world.
D)The scientific method emphasizes scientific laws as the way to understand the world.
E)All of the above statements are false.

Question 35

Observations from experiments are used to test theories.

Question 36

John Dalton proposed the atomic theory.

Question 37

Lavoisier developed the law of conservation of mass.

Question 38

Quantification is an important tool in understanding chemistry.

Question 39

An established theory is the pinnacle of scientific understanding.

Question 40

Combustion means burning.

Question 41

Which of the following is an example of a scientific law?

A)All matter is composed of small,indestructible particles called atoms.
B)In a chemical reaction,matter is neither created nor destroyed.
C)When a can of soda pop is opened,a fizzing sound is heard.
D)Flammable objects contain phlogiston.
E)none of the above

Question 42

Which statement would NOT be an example of "quantification"?

A)The newest model of that car gets five more miles per gallon than last year's model.
B)The price of milk went up ten cents per gallon.
C)The average high temperature this July was two degrees higher than last year's average high temperature.
D)The water in the swimming pool feels colder than it was yesterday.
E)none of the above

Question 43

Which of the statements below is NOT part of the scientific method?

A)observation and measurement
B)formation of a hypothesis
C)testing of a hypothesis by experimentation
D)refinement of a hypothesis as needed
E)All of the above steps are part of the scientific method.

Question 44

What is the difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory?

Question 45

Which statement accurately describes the purpose of experiments?

A)Experiments are designed to produce the results predicted by a theory.
B)Experiments can be replaced by a simple,logical reasoning of known facts.
C)Experiments are designed to produce unexplainable results for further investigation.
D)Experiments look for other observable predictions of a theory.
E)none of the above

Question 46

What term best describes a brief statement that summarizes many past observations and predicts new ones?

A)experiment
B)hypothesis
C)scientific law
D)theory
E)none of the above

Question 47

Which statement about a hypothesis is TRUE?

A)It is a tentative interpretation or explanation.
B)It has the potential to be proven wrong.
C)It can be tested by experiments.
D)It is part of the scientific method.
E)All of the above statements are true.

Question 48

Which of the following is considered a hypothesis (as opposed to an observation)?

A)Spiders have eight legs.
B)Birds can fly because they have hollow bones.
C)Fresh lava from a volcano is hot.
D)The Washington Monument is 555 feet tall.
E)none of the above

Question 49

What is the definition of a scientific theory?

A)a brief statement that summarizes past observations and predicts future ones
B)a model that explains the underlying reasons for observations and laws
C)the equivalent of a scientific opinion which others may disagree with
D)a method of learning that emphasizes reason as the way to understand the world
E)none of the above

Question 50

Who discovered the law of conservation of mass?

A)John Dalton
B)Antoine Lavoisier
C)Nivaldo Tro
D)John Dalton and Antoine Lavoisier
E)none of the above

Question 51

The definition of a scientific law is:

A)the same as a hypothesis.
B)a way of learning that emphasizes observation and experimentation.
C)the underlying reason for a scientific theory.
D)a number of similar observations generalized into a brief statement summarizing past observations and predicting new ones.
E)none of the above

Question 52

Which of the following is an example of an observation?

A)All matter is composed of small,indestructible particles called atoms.
B)Reactions occur due to the transfer of electrons.
C)When a can of soda pop is opened,a fizzing sound is heard.
D)Flammable objects contain phlogiston.
E)none of the above

Question 53

Which of the following would be considered a theory?

A)Glass is fragile.
B)Hot air rises.
C)Gasoline has a very strong odor.
D)Helium balloons float because helium is less dense than air.

Question 54

A sample of wood with a mass of 3.0 grams was burned in an open dish.The ashes weighed 1.2 grams.What happened to the rest of the wood?

A)The remaining mass was destroyed.
B)The remaining 1.8 grams was converted into gaseous compounds.
C)Nothing,the burned wood simply has a mass of 1.2 grams.
D)The remaining 1.8 grams was converted into heat.
E)none of the above

Question 55

Who discovered the atomic theory?

A)John Dalton
B)Antoine Lavoisier
C)Nivaldo Tro
D)John Dalton and Antoine Lavoisier
E)none of the above

Question 56

What is chemistry?

Question 57

Charcoal was burned in a barbecue grill.The ashes that remained weighed considerably less than the charcoal that was burned.Does this mean that the law of conservation of mass is wrong? Explain.

Question 58

What are the important characteristics of the scientific method?

Question 59

The key to success in chemistry is:

A)curiosity.
B)mathematical skills.
C)commitment.
D)practice.
E)all of the above