Deck 13: Arthropods

Question 1

The black widow and the brown recluse are dangerous spiders.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Crabs,lobsters,and true shrimps belong to the malacostracan order Amphipoda.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Scorpions respire by means of book lungs.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Diversity in arthropods is mainly due to modification and specialization of their cuticular exoskeleton and jointed appendages.

Question 5

Arthropods are successful because they have

A)a very efficient respiratory system.
B)highly developed sensory organs.
C)reduced competition through metamorphosis.
D)all of these

Question 6

No other group of animals is more successful than the arthropods.

Question 7

Mites and ticks differ from all other arachnids in having their cephalothorax and abdomen completely fused.

Question 8

Horseshoe crabs

A)are extinct.
B)are poisonous to humans.
C)live in freshwater habitats.
D)have a long,spine-like telson.

Question 9

The trilobites are

A)freshwater dwellers.
B)terrestrial crustaceans.
C)aquatic insects.
D)extinct.

Question 10

Wing muscles of insects are termed indirect if they are attached to the wing itself.

Question 11

The centipedes are herbivorous,but the millipedes are active predators.

Question 12

Spiders have two compound eyes.

Question 13

Chelicerate arthropods possess

A)pedipalps.
B)antennae.
C)mandibles.
D)three pairs of walking legs.

Question 14

Some mites cause disease,but none are of agricultural importance.

Question 15

Arthropods are similar to annelids in that they both have

A)ciliA.
B)an open circulatory system.
C)a ventral nerve cord with metamerically arranged ganglia.
D)intersegmental septa.

Question 16

In complete metamorphosis,the sequence of instars is nymphal instars,pupa,and then adult.

Question 17

Current molecular evidence indicates that Hexapoda and Myriapoda are closely related.
Multiple Choice Questions

Question 18

Current molecular data suggests metamerism arose independently in annelids and arthropods.

Question 19

Most species of insects have wings.

Question 20

Crustaceans are primarily freshwater animals,but there are some marine and a few terrestrial species.

Question 21

Scorpions

A)feed during the day.
B)are most common in temperate areas of the world.
C)have a head,thorax,and abdomen.
D)usually do not attack humans,but have the potential to be dangerous.

Question 22

Crustaceans

A)breathe by means of tracheae.
B)excrete by means of malpighian tubules.
C)have an open circulatory system.
D)are hermaphroditic.

Question 23

Ecdysis (molting)in crustaceans

A)involves production of a new cuticle and shedding of the old one.
B)is initiated by a stimulus perceived by the central nervous system.
C)involves a molt-inhibiting hormone produced by the X-organ of the eye stalk,and a molting hormone produced by the Y-organs near the mandibles.
D)all of these

Question 24

The crustaceans that are sessile and enclosed in a shell of calcareous plates are called

A)barnacles.
B)isopods.
C)ostracods.
D)copepods.

Question 25

As the arthropod ancestors underwent "arthropodization,"

A)their circulatory system became closed.
B)their hemocoel took on a new function as a hydrostatic skeleton.
C)there was an expansion of surfaces for respiration and excretion.
D)the cuticle was hardened to form a stiffened exoskeleton.

Question 26

Spiders

A)feed on plant juices.
B)have six legs.
C)have chelicerae that function as fangs.
D)breathe by means of gills.

Question 27

The Acari

A)have a distinct head,thorax,and abdomen.
B)are of economic and medical importance.
C)are called scorpions.
D)are all free-living.

Question 28

The flight muscles of many species of flies and bees

A)are indirect.
B)are asynchronous.
C)beat 100 times per second or more.
D)all of these

Question 29

The class Insecta

A)has more species than any other group of animals.
B)is the second largest group of animals.
C)is of little importance to humans.
D)has very few characteristics in common with other arthropods.

Question 30

Some examples of branchiopod crustaceans are the

A)water fleas (Cladocera).
B)copepods.
C)ostracods.
D)crabs.

Question 31

The primitive larva in the Crustacea is

A)omitted in living forms.
B)the trochophore.
C)the veliger.
D)the nauplius.

Question 32

Insects differ from other arthropods because insects have

A)paired,jointed legs.
B)antennae.
C)wings.
D)mandibles.

Question 33

Members of the class Arachnida have

A)a cephalothorax and abdomen.
B)a head,thorax,and abdomen.
C)antennae and mandibles.
D)five pairs of walking legs.

Question 34

Pentastomids

A)are parasites.
B)have a nonchitinous cuticle.
C)have a nervous system typical of arthropods.
D)all of these

Question 35

Sea spiders

A)are extinct.
B)feed on the fluids of soft-bodied animals.
C)resemble crustaceans.
D)have an unusually large abdomen.

Question 36

Crustaceans

A)are mainly marine,but there are freshwater and terrestrial species.
B)are primarily free-living.
C)have two pairs of antennae.
D)all of these

Question 37

Chilopoda (centipedes)

A)are herbivorous.
B)have poison claws.
C)have five pairs of legs.
D)live in fresh water.

Question 38

The Diplopoda (millipedes)

A)bear two pairs of legs on most body segments.
B)feed on insects.
C)are more active than centipedes.
D)live in fresh water.

Question 39

The mandibulate arthropods characteristically possess

A)mandibles,pedipalps,and antennae.
B)mandibles,antennae,and maxillae.
C)mandibles,chelicerae,and antennae.
D)mandibles,maxillae,and pedipalps.

Question 40

Choose the correct statement:

A)The author depicts crustaceans and hexapods as sister groups.
B)The Mollusca may be a sister group of the Arthropoda and Tardigrada.
C)The Arthropoda and Mollusca form a sister group to the Annelida.
D)None of the above is correct.

Question 41

Which of the following castes of honeybees develops from unfertilized eggs?

A)drones
B)workers
C)queens
D)soldiers

Question 42

Which of the following contains the grasshoppers?

A)Diptera
B)Odonata
C)Orthoptera
D)Hymenoptera

Question 43

Which of the following groups is known commonly as krill?

A)Amphipoda
B)Euphausiacea
C)Decapoda
D)Isopoda

Question 44

An example of a bacterium utilized in biological control of lepidopterans is

A)Bacillus thuringiensis.
B)Cimex occidentalis.
C)Aedes aegypti.
D)Apis mellifera.
Fill in the Blank Questions

Question 45

When spiders mate,the male inserts his __________ into the genital opening of the female.

Question 46

The head cuticle of many crustaceans extends posteriorly to form a dorsal covering called the ___________.

Question 47

The individual units of compound eyes are called __________.

Question 48

A characteristic unique to Crustacea is the possession of two pairs of _____________.

Question 49

Saprophagous insects feed on

A)plant juices.
B)dead animals.
C)other insects.
D)hyperparasites.

Question 50

Some appendages of crustaceans are two-branched,or ______________.

Question 51

True bugs are members of the order

A)HomopterA.
B)Hemiptera.
C)Coleoptera.
D)Siphonaptera.

Question 52

Some mites,such as the ______________,are very destructive to plants.

Question 53

_________________________ form the basis of the excretory system of spiders and insects.

Question 54

The mouthparts of ticks and mites are carried on an anterior projection called the ____________.

Question 55

_____________ is a condition in which parasitic insects are themselves parasitized by other insects.

A)Social parasitism
B)Mutualism
C)Hyperparasitism
D)Commensalism

Question 56

The first pair of walking legs of a crayfish bear strong pincers called _____________.

Question 57

A group of crustaceans that are of extreme ecological importance,often dominating the primary consumer level in aquatic communities,is the ______________.

Question 58

Another common name for the harvestmen is ______________.

Question 59

Groups of somites fused or combined into functional groups are called _________.

Question 60

A tough,resistant,nitrogenous polysaccharide in the cuticle of arthropods is ______________.

Question 61

A genetically programmed or environmentally induced arrest in development of some insects is called ______________.

Question 62

In the order ________,which comprise the beetles,the forewings form a hardened elytra.

Question 63

Highly specialized insects such as bees and flies have powerful ___________ flight muscles.

Question 64

The major endocrine organs involved in insect development are the brain,ecdysial glands,and ____________.

Question 65

Wormlike parasites in the lungs and nasal passages of carnivorous vertebrates belong to the phylum _______________.

Question 66

Wings of butterflies,order _______________,are covered with minute scales.

Question 67

The respiratory system in insects consists of specialized air tubes called __________.

Question 68

The stages in the life cycle of a holometabolous insect are _________________.

Question 69

_____________ is currently the most common arthropod-borne disease in the United States.

Question 70

True social behavior in insects is seen in the honeybees,ants,and ____________.

Question 71

The apterygote orders (Collembola,Diplura,Protura)have their mandibles and first maxillae set deep in pouches,a condition described as ___________;in contrast,virtually all other insects are ___________.

Question 72

Dragonflies belong to the order ___________.

Question 73

The ancestral winged insect gave rise to at least two lines,which differed in their ability to _______.

Question 74

Compounds secreted by one individual that affect the behavior or physiology of another individual are called _____________.

Question 75

Flies and mosquitoes belong to order _____________.

Question 76

The phylum _____________ may be the sister taxon to arthropods.

Question 77

____________ is a technique used to control agricultural pests,and incorporates the techniques of biological controls,agricultural management,and the reduced use of pesticides.

Question 78

The stages in the life cycle of a hemimetabolous insect are _______________.

Question 79

____________ is a mutual feeding process exhibited by the social insects whereby pheromones are passed between individuals.