Deck 8: The Lower Extremity: The Knee, Ankle, and Foot

Question 1

Analyze the muscular involvement in the motion of the knee joint in a kicking motion. Be sure to include both the preparation phase and the propulsion phase.

Answer 1

Question 2

Why is the knee classified as a modified hinge joint?

A) because of the action of the femur on the tibia
B) because of the structure of the menisci
C) because of the action of the gliding motion of the patella on the femur
D) because of the action of the rotation of the fibula

Answer 2

because of the action of the femur on the tibia

Question 3

Extreme pronation of the feet is likely to place stress on the knee joints. Explain the nature of that stress and discuss the structures which will be affected.

Answer 3

tension on medial side of knee-stretch collateral ligaments, pull on medial meniscus

Question 4

Why are deep knee bends considered to be a potentially dangerous exercise?

Question 5

What is the primary factor in ankle stability?

A) ligamentous support
B) strong joint capsule
C) deep bony articulation
D) muscular support

Question 6

Which three bones make up the ankle joint?

A) calcaneus, talus, tibia
B) tibia, fibula, talus
C) fibula, tibia, calcaneus
D) tibia, talus, femu

Question 7

What muscle action is involved in the movement of the knee joints in the power phase of the standing long jump?

A) concentric contraction of the hamstrings
B) concentric contraction of the quadriceps femoris
C) eccentric contraction of the hamstrings
D) eccentric contraction of the quadriceps femoris

Question 8

Which of the following muscles contracts in pronation to counteract the supination action of the tibialis anterior and the extensor hallicus longus?

A) tibialis posterior
B) flexor hallicus longus
C) extensor digitorum longus
D) flexor digitorum longus
Short Answer Questions

Question 9

Which type of joint is the tibiofemoral joint?

A) gliding
B) condyloid
C) hinge
D) pivot

Question 10

Which muscles are most responsible for lifting the body weight through ankle plantar flexion?

A) gastrocnemius, soleus
B) gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris
C) gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, peroneus
D) gastrocnemius, soleus, peroneus

Question 11

Which structures provide rotatory stability in the knee?

A) the cruciate ligaments
B) the collateral ligaments
C) the menisci
D) the joint capsule

Question 12

In performing a deep squat the prime movers at the knee are: 1) rectus femoris
2) biceps femoris
3) vastus lateralis
4) vastus medialis
5) semimembranosus

A) 1, 2, 3
B) 2, 5
C) 1, 4, 5
D) 1, 3, 4

Question 13

Many people find it more difficult to grasp the ankles in a long sit position if the ankle joint is dorsiflexed. Explain this phenomenon.

Question 14

Which of the following produces pronation of the foot?

A) tibialis anterior
B) extensor digitorum longus
C) extensor hallicus longus
D) soleus

Question 15

Which of the following does not attach to the patella?

A) rectus femoris
B) vastus medialis
C) vastus lateralis
D) semimembranosus

Question 16

Give an anatomical explanation for the preponderance of lateral sprains in the `ankle.

Question 17

Which side of the ankle receives primary support from the deltoid ligament?

A) anterior
B) posterior
C) medial
D) lateral

Question 18

Which of the following motions are produced by the tibialis anterior?

A) ankle plantar flexion, inversion of foot
B) ankle dorsiflexion, inversion of foot
C) ankle plantar flexion, eversion of foot
D) ankle dorsiflexion, eversion of foot

Question 19

Prime movers in ankle dorsiflexion are the: 1) gastrocnemius
2) tibialis anterior
3) extensor hallicus longus
4) flexor digitorum longus
5) extensor digitorum longus

A) 1, 2, 3
B) 1, 2, 4
C) 2, 3, 4
D) 2, 3, 5

Question 20

Where is there increased tensile stress when one is knock-kneed?

A) anteriorly
B) laterally
C) medially
D) posteriorly