Deck 8: Psychotherapeutic Drugs: Medication for Mental Disorders

Question 1

What are the antipsychotic drugs marketed in the past ten years, such as Zyprexa (olanzepine), referred to as?

A) Conventional antipsychotics
B) Typical antipsychotics
C) Atypical antipsychotics
D) Postmodern antipsychotics

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which diagnoses is given when there is major disturbance of intellectual and social functioning to the degree that there is a loss of contact with reality?

A) Anxiety disorder
B) Phobia
C) Depression
D) Psychosis

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which structure within the human brain does research suggest serves as a communication hub that signals the presence of a threat and triggers a fear response or anxiety?

A) Amygdala
B) Brainstem
C) Prefrontal cortex
D) Ventral tegmental area

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Dr. Smith listened carefully to the symptoms John and his family shared. He is confident he knows John's mental disorder. What is the name of the most recent version of the American Psychiatric Association's classification system Dr. Smith will consult?

A) Psychiatric Reference Manual (PRM).
B) AMA-V.
C) DSM-5.
D) DSM-V-TR.

Question 5

The perspective that symptoms of a mental disorder identify a diagnosis that points to a cause and then a cure is referred to in the text as which of the following?

A) Medical model
B) Disease model
C) Treatment approach
D) Inclusion model

Question 6

In Canada, what are the two most abused drugs for those suffering with a mental health problem?

A) Tobacco and opioids
B) Alcohol and cannabis
C) Tobacco and cannabis
D) Alcohol and opioids

Question 7

According to the text, movies provide an important vehicle to learning about various types of mental illnesses, the people, and their struggles. Which of the following accurately describes a true story of one such person and their journey?

A) As Good as it Gets; story of an institution
B) A Beautiful Mind; story of schizophrenia
C) The Snake Pit; story of bipolar depression
D) One Flew over the Cuckoo's nest; personal story of schizophrenia

Question 8

Although electroconvulsive therapy was first used to treat schizophrenia, what is it now used to treat primarily?

A) Organic psychosis
B) Reoccurring bouts of psychosis
C) Personality disorders
D) Severe depression

Question 9

What was the prevalence of perceived distress among Canadian university students when assessed by the 2004 Canadian Campus Survey?

A) 22%
B) 33%
C) 44%
D) 55%

Question 10

Both depressed and manic symptoms appear in the general classification of which disorder?

A) Schizophrenia
B) Mood disorder
C) Obsessive-compulsive disorder
D) Organic psychosis

Question 11

If you have schizophrenia, and have been diagnosed with a comorbid symptom of depression, according to research completed by Shugar and colleagues at the University of Toronto, what might be the best treatment choice?

A) Electroconvulsive therapy
B) Thiopental sodium
C) Phenothiazines
D) Insulin

Question 12

For most people diagnosed with a psychological disorder, what is the primary type of treatment used?

A) Psychotherapy
B) Group therapy combined with psychotherapy
C) Drug therapy
D) Drug therapy combined with psychotherapy

Question 13

How would mental illness rank as a cause of human disability and premature death in Canada?

A) First
B) Second
C) Third
D) Fourth

Question 14

If you are a Canadian suffering with an addiction, what is the likelihood you will also be diagnosed with a mental health problem?

A) 20%
B) 30%
C) 40%
D) 50%

Question 15

What historically did the terms phenothiazines and neuroleptics describe?

A) Antipsychotics
B) Shock therapy
C) Antidepressants
D) Anticonvulsants

Question 16

What does research suggest regarding the likelihood of having an anxiety disorder?

A) The children of either mothers or fathers with anxiety disorders are at much greater risk of an anxiety disorder than is the general population
B) The children of only mothers with anxiety disorders are at much greater risk of an anxiety disorder than is the general population
C) The children of only fathers with anxiety disorders are at much greater risk of an anxiety disorder than is the general population
D) There has been no evidence to suggest there is a genetic factor

Question 17

According to the text, if you live in Canada, what is the likelihood you will have some type of mental health problem in your life?

A) 10%
B) 15%
C) 20%
D) 25%

Question 18

What term is used to describe a disorder of thinking when there is a known physical cause?

A) Bipolar
B) Organic psychosis
C) Functional psychosis
D) Schizophrenia

Question 19

Which of the following describes bipolar disorder?

A) Reoccurring panic attacks
B) Agoraphobia
C) Posttraumatic stress disorder symptomatology
D) Alternating periods of mania and depression

Question 20

Which treatment was used in the early 1900s to treat patients who had psychosis, when it was believed to be caused by syphilis?

A) Malaria therapy
B) Thiopental sodium
C) Phenothiazines
D) Insulin

Question 21

What did the first tricyclic antidepressants do?

A) Blocked acetylcholine receptors.
B) Blocked D2 dopamine receptors.
C) Inhibited reuptake of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin.
D) Inhibited metabolism of GABA.

Question 22

What will be the initial effect of the antipsychotic drugs?

A) Block serotonin reuptake.
B) Stimulate acetylcholine receptors.
C) Increase brain levels of norepinephrine.
D) Block D2 dopamine receptors.

Question 23

Recommendations for the treatment of schizophrenia are based on existing scientific evidence as developed by Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team in the US. How many levels exist?

A) 6
B) 7
C) 8
D) 9

Question 24

Recommendations for the treatment of schizophrenia are based on existing scientific evidence as developed by Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team in the US. Which level of evidence would be present if evidence from at least 1 RCT was available?

A) Level I
B) Level II
C) Level VI
D) Level VII

Question 25

What are two of the most positive aspects of antipsychotic medication?

A) They do not produce dependence and it is difficult to use them to commit suicide
B) They do not produce manic episodes and it is difficult to use them to commit suicide
C) They do not produce facial tics and they do not produce manic episodes
D) They do not produce facial tics and they do not produce dependence

Question 26

What should Joseph avoid now that he has been prescribed monoamine oxidase inhibitors for his depression?

A) Exposure to strong sunlight.
B) Foods high in tyramine, such as aged cheeses.
C) Strenuous exercise.
D) Foods high in citrus, such as grapefruit juice.

Question 27

Current theories of the antidepressant action of drugs, focus less on the drug's initial biochemical effects and more on which of the following?

A) Patient's age and weight
B) Levels of brain serotonin
C) Electrical potential of the membrane
D) Delayed reaction of the neurons to repeated drug exposure

Question 28

Recommendations for the treatment of schizophrenia are based on existing scientific evidence as developed by the Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team in the US. Which level would be present if there was evidence from a single descriptive or qualitative study available?

A) Level I
B) Level II
C) Level VI
D) Level VII

Question 29

What drug has Ken been prescribed for his depression that leads his doctor to inform him he should avoid the following: chianti wine and smoked or pickle fish?

A) Second generation anti-psychotics
B) Thioridazine
C) Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
D) SSRIs

Question 30

What is the average lag period for antidepressants to begin to be effective?

A) 1 day
B) 2 weeks
C) 4 weeks
D) 6 weeks

Question 31

Due to the increased risk of which of the following, Health Canada now requires a printed warning on several selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors?

A) Suicide tendencies in children and adolescents
B) Liver disorders in elderly patients
C) Psychotic episodes in the adult population
D) Seizures in all age groups

Question 32

You just learned your grandparent has been placed on a new drug due to a serious health concern. You have never heard of the drug before, what might be a beneficial step to take to investigate?

A) Consult the DSM-IV n
B) Consult the Beers List
C) Consult the DSM-5
D) Read the Orange Box warning

Question 33

As a Canadian citizen, what is the likelihood you will experience major depression at some point in your life which will require hospitalization?

A) 5%
B) 8%
C) 10%
D) 15%

Question 34

What do many of the new atypical antipsychotics are known to cause?

A) Liver disorders
B) Manic episodes
C) Significant weight gain and metabolic changes
D) Fatigue

Question 35

What did a recent study of the long-term effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs find?

A) Atypical drugs are much more effective than the conventional drugs.
B) These drugs are very effective for over 90 percent of schizophrenic patients.
C) There is tolerance to the beneficial effects and doses must be increased after six weeks.
D) Three-fourths of the patients stopped taking their medication within 18 months.

Question 36

Which country was the first to issue a Black-Box Warnings regarding Treating Adolescentsand Children with Antidepressants??

A) Australia
B) Canada
C) England
D) United States

Question 37

What is a common side effect linked with the older antipsychotics, but less common with the newer ones?

A) Pseudoparkinsonism
B) Positive symptoms
C) A lag period
D) MAO inhibition

Question 38

Martha has been rushed to the hospital by her family fearful of her symptoms. Upon arrival the emergency doctor learns she has been taking antipsychotics medication and she is exhibiting the most serious complication of this drug treatment, which one is it?

A) Hallucinations
B) Agranulocytosis
C) Pseudoparkinsonism
D) Tardive dyskinesia

Question 39

What was Prozac's initial purpose?

A) Tricyclic antidepressant.
B) MAO inhibitor.
C) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI).
D) Anti-manic drug.

Question 40

Leonard's new symptoms are the result of taking the older type of antipsychotics medication, but he is reassured that they are the most common complication of this drug treatment, which one is it?

A) Hallucinations
B) Agranulocytosis
C) Pseudoparkinsonism
D) Tardive dyskinesia

Question 41

The MAO inhibitors are considered to be atypical antipsychotics.

Question 42

Research shows that less than 35% of those seeking help for an addiction also have a mental illness.

Question 43

Mental illness is the third leading cause of human disability and premature death in Canada.

Question 44

The mood disorders include specific phobia.

Question 45

Approximately how many homeless people in Canada have a mental illness?

A) One-third
B) Half
C) Two-thirds
D) Three-quarters

Question 46

A negative reinforcement has been defined as the offering of desirable effects or consequences for a behaviour with the intention of increasing the chance of that behaviour being repeated in the future.

Question 47

Which mood stabilizer, experienced a diminished acceptance when a series of overdose poisonings occurred, and by the fact that the drug was one of the basic elements and could not be patented?

A) Lithium
B) Valproic acid
C) Carbamazepine
D) Lamotrigine

Question 48

In panic disorder, different brain regions may support specific symptomatology.

Question 49

While taking MAOIs, high blood pressure crisis can result.

Question 50

A chronic psychotic condition with no known physical cause is likely to be diagnosed as schizophrenia.

Question 51

What is the fastest and probably most effective treatment for severe cases of depression?

A) Imipramine (Tofranil)
B) Paroxetine (Paxil)
C) Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
D) Psychotherapy

Question 52

Lithium was the first effective mood stabilizer.

Question 53

Antipsychotic drugs have their initial effect in the brain by blocking D2 dopamine receptors.

Question 54

The American Psychiatric Association's DSM-5 divides all mental disorders into either neuroses or psychoses.

Question 55

The growing trend toward deinstitutionalization in Canada was considered desirable for which of the following explanations?

A) Economics from the perspective of the pharmaceutical companies and their increased sales.
B) Economics and the ability to treat patients in their own communities.
C) The use of federal prison institutions rather than hospitals to house long term patients due to an economy of scale.
D) A desire to keep pace with the United States and Europe.

Question 56

In which region in Canada did the text describe the existence of a high visibility of mentally ill citizens living with addictions and in a state of homelessness which prompted a political response to build a 100 bed facility?

A) Ottawa
B) Vancouver
C) Toronto
D) Winnipeg

Question 57

All tricyclic antidepressants work by blocking serotonin reuptake.

Question 58

The first antipsychotic drugs called phenothiazines were introduced in the 1950s.

Question 59

The latest evidence on the effectiveness of antidepressants is that they are only slightly better than placebos.

Question 60

When chlorpromazine was introduced in 1955 in the U.S., in that year what was the last time which of the following occurred?

A) The rate of imprisonment declined.
B) The major pharmaceutical companies reported net losses.
C) The population of mental hospitals increased.
D) Schizophrenia was a major cause of suicide.

Question 61

How common is the use of ECT in Canada today?

Question 62

What were the most common symptoms of distress reported among the Canadian university women who participated in the 2004 Canadian Campus Survey?

Question 63

Describe the position Health Canada took regarding thioridazine in 2005, and why.

Question 64

Describe the results of the 2004 Canadian Campus Survey regarding the prevalence of perceived distress, among Canadian university students.

Question 65

At what point was chlorpromazine first placed on the market and what was the initial outcome?

Question 66

Describe electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).

Question 67

Describe the following terms; phenothiazines, neuroleptics, and antipsychotics.

Question 68

Explain the role and outcome of antipsychotic drugs when treating patient's positive and negative symptoms.

Question 69

Describe the important distinction in the DSM-5, and in the drug treatment of mood disorders.

Question 70

Who are physician extenders?

Question 71

When is ECT the most obvious treatment choice?

Question 72

One indirect consequence of effective drug treatment for serious mental disorders is that more mentally ill people are now in jail or prison than in mental hospitals.

Question 73

Although not completely clear, what plays a role in the delineation between genetics and environment and panic disorders?

Question 74

Describe psychotherapeutic drugs.

Question 75

What does the most recent Canadian statistics describe regarding concurrent disorders in Canada?

Question 76

Distinguish between bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.

Question 77

Describe Tardive dyskinesia and its role in antipsychotic drug treatment.

Question 78

What is lithium?

Question 79

What does the research suggest regarding clinical depression (major depression) and gender?

Question 80

Explain how the Hebb's model characterizes the progression of panic disorder.