Deck 20: Population Growth and Environmental Impacts

Question 1

The process whereby soluble salts such as calcium and potassium accumulate on the soil is known as

A) saltation.
B) salinization.
C) calcification.
D) irrigation.
E) aridization.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The average life expectancy in the United States in the year 2000 was _____ years.

A) 35
B) 50
C) 60
D) 77
E) 92

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Las Vegas lies in the physiographic province named

A) Basin and Range.
B) High Tablelands.
C) Mountain.
D) Mediterranean Scrubland.
E) Midlatitude Broadleaf.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The original name of Hoover Dam was

A) Las Vegas Reservoir.
B) Boulder Dam.
C) Colorado Dam.
D) Nevada Dam.
E) Phoenix Dam.

Question 5

What percentage of the surface of the Earth is currently suitable for potentially productive agriculture?

A) 5%
B) 13%
C) 22%
D) 36%
E) 51%

Question 6

The cultural revolution of agriculture (horticulture)began about ______ years ago.

A) 2000
B) 8000
C) 30,000
D) 90,000
E) 132,000

Question 7

The trend of global temperatures from the end of the Pleistocene to the beginning of the Holocene was toward a period of

A) rapid cooling
B) slight cooling
C) slight warming
D) rapid warming
E) great fluctuation of temperatures

Question 8

The name for an expansion of cities outward from the original core land is

A) intrastate.
B) concrete crawl.
C) CBD.
D) trending.
E) urban sprawl.

Question 9

Approximately ________ people lived on Earth immediately after the last Ice Age.

A) 5 thousand
B) 83 billion
C) 524 thousand
D) 6 million
E) 23 million

Question 10

The average life expectancy in the United States in the year 1900 was__________years.

A) 35
B) 50
C) 60
D) 77
E) 92

Question 11

It is estimated that roughly _______ people will live on Earth by 2050

A) 5 billion
B) 83 billion
C) 54 trillion
D) 9 billion
E) 500 million

Question 12

The concentration of population growth in the coming decades is expected to be in

A) North America.
B) Europe.
C) developing countries.
D) first world countries.
E) second world countries.

Question 13

The last ice age ended about ______ years ago.

A) 6000
B) 10,000
C) 30,000
D) 90,000
E) 132,000

Question 14

The extensive amount of trash caused by garbage in the oceans is called the

A) North Pacific garbage patch.
B) Southerly Indian Ocean Gyre.
C) great oceanic trash can.
D) Flotsam Group.
E) Atlantic Ocean garbage patch.

Question 15

The current human population of the Earth is roughly

A) 5-6 million.
B) 83-84 million.
C) 524-525 million.
D) 6-7 billion.
E) 23-24 billion.

Question 16

The Industrial Revolution took place in the

A) 11th century.
B) 15th century.
C) 18th century.
D) 21st century.
E) 26th century.

Question 17

__________ is the term used to describe how people can live in a particular place without degrading the area for future generations.

A) Sustainability
B) Preservationism
C) Eutrophism
D) Environmentalism
E) Generationality

Question 18

____________ have achieved the highest growth rates in population.

A) Industrial nations
B) Developed nations
C) Developing nations
D) They are all growing at the same rate.

Question 19

The seven states that lie within the Colorado River basin all signed an agreement in 1922 called the

A) Use It or Lose It Agreement.
B) Riparian Doctrine.
C) Water Rights Act of 1922.
D) Colorado River Compact.
E) International Water Agreement of 1922.

Question 20

The maximum number of people an area can support without degrading the natural,social,cultural,and economic environment is called

A) environmental assets.
B) sustainable valuing.
C) economic competence.
D) carrying capacity.
E) biosphere control.

Question 21

The main purpose of the San Luis Drain,implemented by the Bureau of Reclamation in the 1960s,was

A) to provide irrigation.
B) to stabilize the depth of the water table.
C) to provide water for Los Angeles.
D) to provide water for Phoenix.
E) to protect the wetlands.

Question 22

About _[Answer1]____ people lived in Clark County Nevada (Las Vegas)in the year 1900,and about _[Answer2]____ people lived there in 2000.
Answer1 Choices
56
1100
35 thousand
100 thousand
34 million
Answer2 Choices
1.4 million
32 million
200 million
500 million

Question 23

The San Luis Drain,implemented by the Bureau of Reclamation in the 1960s,ultimately closed in 1985 because

A) there was no water left.
B) it filled in naturally.
C) the Drain ultimately accomplished its goal of water diversion.
D) it increased the likelihood of hurricanes.
E) selenium was being introduced to surface water.

Question 24

The __________ is the channel that transported water from the Colorado River to southern California in the 1950s.

A) Tucson Canal
B) Colorado River Aqueduct
C) Colorado River Dam System
D) Central Arizona Project
E) Trans American Aqueduct

Question 25

The San Joaquin Valley in California,one of the most important agricultural areas in the United States,receives __________ annually.

A) 15 inches
B) 43 inches
C) 120 inches
D) 280 inches
E) 532 inches

Question 26

The process in arid environments whereby salts can be brought up from depth if the water table is shallow,also known as "wicking," is termed

A) O horizon.
B) saltation.
C) cone of depression.
D) drafting.
E) capillary action.

Question 27

________ is (are)the dominant human process that allows the productivity of San Joaquin Valley in California to be as high as it currently is.

A) Irrigation
B) Plowing
C) Crop rotation
D) Fallow systems
E) Mixed agriculture

Question 28

Approximately _________ of the United States' crop yields have been lowered by salinization.

A) 1.3%
B) 5-6 %
C) 25-30%
D) 50-60%
E) 80-90%

Question 29

If California were its own country,it would it rank ___________ among other countries economically.

A) 144th
B) 37th
C) 25th
D) 10th
E) 3rd

Question 30

Which of the following are direct consequences of irrigation on the Central Valley of California?

A) local subsidence
B) millions of dollars in damage to structures
C) desalinization of groundwater
D) excessive recharge of the local aquifers
E) increased agricultural output

Question 31

The __________ is the channel that transported water from the Colorado River to southern Arizona in the 1950s.

A) Tucson Canal
B) Colorado River Aqueduct
C) Colorado River Dam System
D) Central Arizona Project
E) Trans American Aqueduct

Question 32

Australia has some of the oldest rocks on Earth; they are approximately

A) 3.7 thousand years old.
B) 254.5 million years old.
C) 1.2 billion years old.
D) 3.5 billion years old.
E) 5.7 billion years old

Question 33

Similar to the Great Plains known as the "breadbasket," the San Joaquin Valley in California is known as

A) California cropolis.
B) the nation's salad bowl.
C) orange grove.
D) fruitland.
E) valley vineyard.

Question 34

Clearing native vegetation in arid and semi-arid areas typically raises the water table because of

A) lower interception and lower transpiration.
B) greater rainfall.
C) evapotranspiration increases drawing water up to the surface.
D) capillary action decreases, holding water at higher elevations.
E) nonnative plants releasing more water to the soil.

Question 35

Salinization in arid and semi-arid areas can occur by ___________.

A) removal of native vegetation
B) mineral buildup in low areas
C) buildup of salts in topographic depressions
D) excessive rainfall over a period of years
E) irrigation

Question 36

Concerning Salinization,which one of the following issues are direct impacts of salt and clays in soils?

A) Soil structure breaks down because clays no longer bind together.
B) Soils become more impermeable.
C) Clay particles clog soil pores.
D) Clays swell with water and become colloids.
E) Soils become more porous

Question 37

Why did the Ancient Sumerians switch from growing wheat to barley around 2500 B.C.?

A) Wheat seed was consumed during a drought.
B) Wheat is salt tolerant.
C) Barley grows in different climates.
D) Barley has a greater salt tolerance than wheat.
E) Barley began growing without sowing.

Question 38

A 2-meter rise in the water table in arid and semi-arid areas can result in increased _________ at the surface.

A) irrigation
B) desalinization
C) porosity
D) erosion
E) salinity

Question 39

Named after the site on which it currently is built,"Las Vegas" translates as _______ in Spanish.

A) the stars
B) onion fields
C) an opening
D) the meadows
E) the oasis

Question 40

The ________ River was greatly impacted in Southern California's need for water that also greatly lowered Mono Lake.

A) Owens
B) Arkansas
C) Snake
D) Bedford
E) White

Question 41

The first evidence of human agriculture (horticulture)began about __________ years ago.

Question 42

Given the poor-quality nutritional content of bamboo shoots and the Giant Panda's inability to digest cellulose efficiently,on average a Giant Panda must feed ______ hour a day.

A) 2-4
B) 4-6
C) 6-8
D) 8-10
E) 10-12

Question 43

The average life expectancy in the United States in the year 1900 was __________ years.

Question 44

Most of the 21.5 million Australians live in the

A) eastern side of Australia.
B) western side of Australia.
C) northern side of Australia.
D) southern side of Australia.
E) central portions of Australia.

Question 45

Only __________ % of the surface of the Earth is currently suitable for potentially productive agriculture.

Question 46

Giant Pandas prefer the ______ Köppen climate.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 47

The name of the process where soluble salts such as calcium and potassium accumulate in the soil is called __________.

Question 48

Currently,_______% of Australia's agricultural area is at risk for salinization.

A) 4
B) 16
C) 32
D) 54
E) 69

Question 49

The maximum number of people an area can support without degrading the natural,social,cultural,and economic environment is called its __________.

Question 50

The Giant Panda conservation area founded in the 1980s in China is the

A) Wolong Nature Reserve.
B) Qionglai Preserve.
C) Beijing Panda Preservation Zone.
D) Guangzhou Natural Panda Preservation.
E) Lhasa Panda Center.

Question 51

The Industrial Revolution began in the __________ ⁽ᵗʰ/ˢᵗ⁾ century.

Question 52

Roughly ___[Answer1]__[AnswerUnits]_____ people lived on Earth 2000 years ago.

Question 53

__________ is the term used to describe how people can live in a particular place without degrading the area for future generations.

Question 54

The last ice age ended about __________ years ago.

A) 10-13,000
B) 3-5,000
C) 5-7,000
D) 15-17,000

Question 55

As of 2010,approximately _____ Giant Pandas lived in the wild.

A) 100
B) 1600
C) 80,000
D) 120,000
E) 1.4 million

Question 56

The average life expectancy in the United States in the year 2000 was __________ years.

Question 57

There are currently __________ people living on the Earth.

Question 58

The seven states that lie within the Colorado River basin all signed the ____________________ in 1922 to help regulate water use from the river.

Question 59

The original name of Hoover Dam was __________ Dam.

Question 60

What percentage of Australia's flora and fauna are exotic (compared to the rest of the world)?

A) 25%
B) 50%
C) 60%
D) 80%
E) 99%

Question 61

____________________ was the name of the group formed in 1991 to address concerns about Las Vegas running out of water and to manage local water resources.

Question 62

The San Luis Drain,implemented by the Bureau of Reclamation in the 1960s,ultimately closed because of the introduction of __________ to surface water.

Question 63

The water table needs to rise to about __________ meters in arid and semi-arid areas in order to begin to increase salinization at the surface.

Question 64

Australia has some of the oldest rocks on Earth at approximately __[Answer1]____[AnswerUnits]______________ years old.

Question 65

It is estimated that about ___[Answer1]__[AnswerUnits]_____ people will live on Earth by 2050.

Question 66

Approximately __________ % of the United States'crop yields have been lowered by salinization.

A) 25-30
B) 20-25
C) 30-35
D) 15-20

Question 67

As of 2010,approximately __________ Giant Pandas lived in the wild.

Question 68

__________ is the name of the aqueduct that transported water from the Colorado River to southern Arizona in the 1950s.

Question 69

__________ is the name of the aqueduct that transported water from the Colorado River to Southern California in the 1950s.

Question 70

The term used to describe an expansion of cities outward from the original core land is __________.

Question 71

__________is the process in arid environments whereby salts can be brought up from depth if the water table is shallow; the process is also known as "wicking."

Question 72

_[Answer1]_________ and __[Answer2]________ are the two names used to describe countries based on their levels of technology and income.

Question 73

"Las Vegas" translates as __________ in Spanish.

Question 74

About ___[Answer1]_[AnswerUnits1]______ people lived in Clark County Nevada (Las Vegas)in the year 1900 and about ___[Answer2]_[AnswerUnits2]________ people lived there in 2000.

Question 75

The San Joaquin Valley in California is known as the nation's ____________________.

Question 76

Given the poor-quality nutritional content of bamboo shoots and the Giant Panda's inability to digest cellulose efficiently,on average,Giant Pandas feed for __________ hours a day.

A) 10-12
B) 8-10
C) 7-9
D) 12-14

Question 77

Clearing native vegetation in arid and semi-arid areas typically raises the water table due to ___[Answer1]_______ and __[Answer2]________?
Answer 1 Choices
higher interception
lower interception
Answer 2 Choices
higher transpiration
lower transpiration

Question 78

The Earth has approximately __________ hectares of irrigated land.

A) 20-30 million
B) 10-20,000
C) 3-5 million
D) 25,000

Question 79

The ____________________ was implemented by the Bureau of Reclamation in the 1960s to remove shallow groundwater and stabilize the water table.

Question 80

__________ percent of Australia's flora and fauna are exotic (compared to the rest of the world).