Deck 26: The Senses Content

Question 1

Which of the following is not one of the general senses?

A)Touch
B)Temperature
C)Pain
D)Vision
E)Position

Answer 1

D

Question 2

In humans,which of the following type of receptor is used to primarily detect airborne or dissolved molecules?

A)Photoreceptor
B)Chemoreceptor
C)Proprioreceptor
D)Electroreceptor
E)Thermoreceptor

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The part of the eye that is a sheet of photoreceptors at the back of the eye is the:

A)Cornea
B)Retina
C)Pupil
D)Iris
E)Lens

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Receptors for the general senses are:

A)Limited to the head
B)Limited to the legs
C)Found only in the brain and spinal cord
D)Found throughout the body
E)Found only on the surface of the body

Question 5

In humans,which of the following type of receptor is used to primarily detect light?

A)Photoreceptor
B)Proprioreceptor
C)Chemoreceptor
D)Mechanoreceptor
E)Electroreceptor

Question 6

In humans,which of the following is used primarily to detect position of limbs and other body parts?

A)Proprioreceptor
B)Mechanoreceptor
C)Pain receptor
D)Chemoreceptor
E)Electroreceptor

Question 7

In humans,which of the following is used primarily to detect sharp blows and excessive heat?

A)Mechanoreceptor
B)Chemoreceptor
C)Proprioreceptor
D)Thermoreceptor
E)Pain receptor

Question 8

Volatile chemical substances that elicit specific responses in other members of the same species are referred to as:

A)Hormones
B)Pheromones
C)Transposons
D)Pectines
E)Spicules

Question 9

The part of the eye that serves as the opening for light to enter into the eye is the:

A)Cornea
B)Retina
C)Pupil
D)Iris
E)Lens

Question 10

In humans,which of the following is used to primarily detect heat?

A)Photoreceptor
B)Proprioreceptor
C)Thermoreceptor
D)Mechanoreceptor
E)Chemoreceptor

Question 11

A phenomenon in which sensations become less noticeable with prolonged exposure is called:

A)Gradient adaptation
B)An action potential
C)A graded potential
D)Radiating adaptation
E)Sensory adaptation

Question 12

In humans,which of the following is used primarily to detect touch and vibration?

A)Proprioreceptors
B)Thermoreceptors
C)Mechanoreceptors
D)Pain receptors
E)Chemoreceptors

Question 13

A common light-sensitive pigment that absorbs light and changes shape thereby altering the charge across the membrane of a photoreceptor is:

A)Carotene
B)Chlorophyll
C)Glutamate
D)Rhodopsin
E)Tyrosine

Question 14

The part of the eye that focuses light onto a sheet of photoreceptors is the:

A)Lens
B)Cone
C)Pupil
D)Retina
E)Iris

Question 15

The part of the eye that regulates the size of the opening for light coming into the eye is the:

A)Cornea
B)Pupil
C)Iris
D)Cone
E)Lens

Question 16

Receptors for the special senses are limited to the:

A)Head
B)Tongue
C)Ears
D)Feet
E)Abdomen

Question 17

Which of the following senses would not utilize mechanoreceptors?

A)Hearing
B)Touch
C)Taste
D)Equilibrium

Question 18

Which of the following senses would utilize chemoreceptors?

A)Vision
B)Taste
C)Pain
D)Touch

Question 19

Olfaction is another name for the:

A)Sense of body position
B)Sense of smell
C)Sense of hearing
D)Sense of pain
E)Sense of equilibrium

Question 20

Which of the following is not one of the special senses?

A)Olfaction
B)Vision
C)Taste
D)Touch
E)Hearing

Question 21

The senses of equilibrium and balance derive from the:

A)Cochlea and vestibule
B)Cochlea
C)Vestibule and semicircular canals
D)Vestibule
E)Semicircular canals

Question 22

The nerve that conducts impulses to the area of the brain that determines sound is the:

A)Olfactory nerve
B)Auditory nerve
C)Optic nerve
D)Retinal nerve
E)Pons

Question 23

The layer of the wall of the eye that is modified into the cornea at the front of the eye is the:

A)Choroid
B)Retina
C)Vitreous humor
D)Sclera
E)Aqueous humor

Question 24

In nearsightedness rays of light focus _____________ the retina.This may be corrected by using eyeglasses with ________________ lenses.

A)Behind, convex
B)In front of, convex
C)Behind, uneven
D)Behind, concave
E)In front of, concave

Question 25

If a person has been prescribed eyeglasses with convex lenses it is most likely to correct for that person:

A)Being farsighted
B)Being nearsighted
C)Having astigmatism
D)Being cross-eyed
E)None are correct

Question 26

In conductive deafness,the middle ear fails to move sound to the inner ear.By amplifying sounds in the auditory canal,the hearing aid moves the _______ more than normal,helping the person hear more clearly.

A)Cochlea
B)Eardrum
C)Oval window
D)Auditory canal
E)Auditory nerve

Question 27

If a person has been prescribed eyeglasses with concave lenses it is most likely to correct for that person:

A)Having astigmatism
B)Being farsighted
C)Being cross-eyed
D)None of the above are correct
E)Being nearsighted

Question 28

The nerve that conducts impulses to the area of the brain that determines sight is the:

A)Auditory nerve
B)Olfactory nerve
C)Cochlear nerve
D)Optic nerve
E)Pons

Question 29

At the snail-shaped _______________,sound is transduced into nerve impulses.

A)Vestibule
B)Malleus
C)Utricle
D)Cochlea
E)Incus

Question 30

If a person has been prescribed eyeglasses with uneven lenses it is most likely to correct for that person:

A)Being nearsighted
B)Being farsighted
C)Being cross-eyed
D)Having astigmatism
E)None of the above are correct

Question 31

Bone-conduction aids transmit sound waves directly to the oval window.This would bypass which of the following?

A)The inner ear
B)The outer ear
C)The auditory canal
D)The middle ear
E)The cochlea

Question 32

A platypus senses its prey not only through touch,but also by sensing electricity.How can the signal be transmitted from the bill to the brain of a platypus?

A)The electricity would be transmitted directly to the brain through nerves
B)The electricity would be transmitted directly to the brain through the blood
C)By activating receptors in the brain
D)By stimulating muscle contractions
E)By activating receptors on neurons

Question 33

A platypus senses its prey not only through touch,but also by sensing electricity.Why would the prey of a platypus generate an electrical field?

A)Muscle contractions generate an electrical current
B)The prey use the electrical fields to attract mates
C)Electrical currents are produced during metabolism
D)Electrical currents are used by the prey to repel predators
E)Some prey like fireflies emit electrical fields

Question 34

A cochlear implant uses a microphone to pick up sound,then a sound processor decomposes it into separate frequency components.Electrodes placed directly in the cochlea stimulate the parts of the auditory nerve corresponding to each frequency.A cochlear implant would bypass which of the following?

A)The cochlea
B)The eardrum
C)The auditory nerve
D)The auditory canal
E)The outer ear

Question 35

The point where the optic nerve exits the retina is called the:

A)Fovea centralis
B)Blind spot
C)Sclera
D)Choroid
E)Pacinian corpuscle

Question 36

The part of the eye that detects color is the:

A)Cone cells
B)Rod cells
C)Cornea
D)Iris
E)Optic nerve

Question 37

The layer of the wall of the eye that contains blood vessels that supply nutrients to the sheet of photoreceptors at the back of the eye and becomes the iris at the front of the eye is the:

A)Sclera
B)Retina
C)Vitreous humor
D)Aqueous humor
E)Choroid

Question 38

The fluid that cleanses and nourishes the cornea and lens of the eye is:

A)The vitreous humor
B)Tear fluid
C)The aqueous humor
D)Rhodopsin
E)Both A and C are correct

Question 39

When a snake flicks its tongue the tips of the forked tongue pass through openings in the palate and contact sensory cells in the snout.How would this help a snake detect its prey?

A)The snout touches the prey, stimulating mechanoreceptors that let the snake identify the prey
B)The snake can taste its prey when it bites it to tell if it is edible
C)The motion of the tongue moves air over the snake's snout, helping it to smell
D)The tongue touches the prey, stimulating mechanoreceptors that let the snake identify the prey
E)Odor molecules from the prey are brought to the snake's receptors

Question 40

In farsightedness rays of light focus ____________ the retina.This may be corrected by using eyeglasses with __________________ lenses.

A)In front of, concave
B)In front of, convex
C)Behind, uneven
D)Behind, concave
E)Behind, convex

Question 41

You have 20 million olfactory cells and 10 thousand taste buds.Which of the following is true about your sense of smell and taste?

A)You can distinguish 20 million smells and 10 thousand tastes
B)You can distinguish hundreds of smells and only five tastes
C)You can distinguish more tastes than smells
D)You can distinguish the same number of tastes and smells
E)You can distinguish 20 million smells and only five tastes

Question 42

Colorblindness would be caused by which of the following?

A)Loss of rods
B)Damage to the optic nerve
C)Loss of cones
D)Damage to the retina
E)Damage to the lens

Question 43

figure 26.17
Based on figure 26.17,you conclude:

A)c-opsin arose independently in vertebrates
B)r-opsin arose independently in invertebrates
C)an organism can only have one type of opsin
D)c-opsin and r-opsin arose from a common ancestral protein
E)c-opsins are in photoreceptor cells in vertebrates and invertebrates

Question 44

When you hear the waves,which of the following is being activated?

A)Mechanoreceptor
B)Thermoreceptor
C)Photoreceptor
D)Proprioreceptor
E)Chemoreceptor

Question 45

When you feel the sun on your skin,which of the following is being activated?

A)Mechanoreceptor
B)Photoreceptor
C)Proprioreceptor
D)Thermoreceptor
E)Chemoreceptor

Question 46

Human rods and cones are homologous to the ragworm's ciliary photoreceptor cells.What is the difference between a human cone cell and a ragworm ciliary cell?

A)Location in the head
B)Location within a cell membrane
C)Presence of a pax6 gene
D)Contribution to vision
E)Presence of cilia

Question 47

Where would you expect to find c-opsin in a human eye?

A)The lens
B)The optic nerve
C)The pupil
D)The cornea
E)The retina

Question 48

All organisms with eyes have the pax6 gene that regulates eye formation and light absorbing pigments called opsins.What does this suggest about the evolution of vision?

A)Organisms with eyes evolved from an early common ancestor
B)Organisms with eyes evolved independently multiple times in the past
C)Eyes are too complex to have been produced by evolution
D)Simpler eyes were replaced by more complex eyes and are no longer seen in modern animals
E)Eyes in modern animals are all the same

Question 49

When you sit up and feel dizzy,which of the following is being activated?

A)Thermoreceptor
B)Photoreceptor
C)Mechanoreceptor
D)Proprioreceptor
E)Chemoreceptor

Question 50

You may have noticed that when you have a cold that leads to sinus congestion nothing tastes good.Which of the following is the best explanation for your observation?

A)Olfactory sensation is blocked
B)Taste sensation is blocked
C)Equilibrium is blocked
D)Mechanoreceptors are blocked
E)Thermoreceptors are blocked

Question 51

When you enter a darkened room,the rod cells in your eyes boost their production of rhodopsin,increasing their sensitivity to light over a period of 10 to 30 minutes.How do you think your eyes adjust when you emerge from a movie theater on a sunny day?

A)By increasing the production of rhodopsin
B)By shutting off the optic nerve
C)By closing the retina
D)By closing the lens
E)By decreasing the production of rhodopsin

Question 52

When you smell the cookies,which of the following is being activated?

A)Mechanoreceptor
B)Thermoreceptor
C)Photoreceptor
D)Chemoreceptor
E)Proprioreceptor

Question 53

Night blindness would be caused by which of the following?

A)Loss of cones
B)Damage to the optic nerve
C)Damage to the retina
D)Loss of rods
E)Damage to the lens

Question 54

Which of the following is true of olfactory cells and taste buds?

A)Olfactory cells contain all of the possible olfactory receptors while taste buds can sense all of the primary tastes
B)Olfactory cells express a single olfactory receptor while taste buds can sense only one of the primary tastes
C)Olfactory cells express a single olfactory receptor while taste buds can sense all of the primary tastes
D)Olfactory cells contain all of the possible olfactory receptors while taste buds can sense only one of the primary tastes

Question 55

Which of the following contribute to vision in a ragworm?

A)c-opsin
B)r-opsin
C)both r-opsin and c-opsin
D)neither r-opsin or c-opsin

Question 56

figure 26.17
Based on figure 26.17,changes occurred in ____ to transform invertebrate ____ cells into photoreceptors.

A)r-opsin, ciliary
B)c-opsin, rhabdomeric
C)c-opsin, ciliary
D)r-opsin, rhabdomeric

Question 57

In the cochlea,how is sound transmitted into nerve signals that reach the brain?

A)Through proprioreceptors
B)Through thermoreceptors
C)Through pain receptors
D)Through mechanoreceptors
E)Through chemoreceptors

Question 58

What advantage would a flatworm with a simple cup eye have over an organism with no photoreceptor cells?

A)They could see structures
B)They could see color
C)They would have depth perception
D)They could orient themselves by detecting light and shadows
E)There would be no advantage to having such a simple eye

Question 59

When you look at the water,which of the following is being activated?

A)Thermoreceptor
B)Proprioreceptor
C)Photoreceptor
D)Mechanoreceptor
E)Chemoreceptor

Question 60

In a disorder called macular degeneration,photoreceptors in the retina die.How would macular degeneration impair vision?

A)A patient could not see things clearly that are directly in front of them
B)A patient could not see things with peripheral vision
C)A patient would become blind
D)A patient would not be able to see in color
E)A patient would not be able to see at night

Question 61

Odorous molecules are first detected in the nose,are transduced and travel to the olfactory bulb and then to the cerebral cortex.

Question 62

To correct for nearsightedness concave lenses should be used in eyeglasses.

Question 63

Opsins are membrane bound G-protein coupled receptors.Which of the following would you expect to happen when light strikes a rod or cone in the human eye?

A)Opsin moves into the nucleus, turning on gene expression
B)Ion channels open generating an action potential
C)The light moves through the rod or cone into a neuron generating an action potential
D)Light causes a hormone to bind to the receptor
E)The light is passed on to a melanopsin molecule in the membrane

Question 64

The image on the retina is upside down and backwards in comparison to the actual object being viewed.

Question 65

The retina transduces light energy into action potentials.

Question 66

Meissner's corpuscles detect light touch and Pacinian corpuscles detect vibration.

Question 67

The brain determines loudness of a sound by the number of neurons that are firing and the rate at which they fire.

Question 68

Where is r-opsin found in vertebrates?

A)Rods
B)Cones
C)The optic nerve
D)Ganglion cells
E)Vertebrates no longer have r-opsin

Question 69

A phenomenon in which sensations become more noticeable with prolonged exposure to the stimulus is termed sensory adaptation.

Question 70

In humans taste buds are most highly concentrated on the inside surface of the lips of the mouth.

Question 71

To correct for nearsightedness convex lenses should be used in eyeglasses.

Question 72

Rod cells provide color vision and allow us to see at night.

Question 73

A receptor potential is a graded potential that occurs in a sensory receptor.

Question 74

A pheromone is a volatile chemical substance that elicits a specific response in members of a different species.