Deck 27: Rebuilding Divided Europe

Question 1

Upon what did Joseph Stalin insist before agreeing to the creation of the United Nations?

A)control over the finances of the organization
B)that the UN headquarters would be placed in Moscow
C)statements that communism was an acceptable form of government
D)an agreement to limit capitalism in Eastern Europe
E)a permanent seat on the Security Council,guaranteeing veto power

Answer 1

a permanent seat on the Security Council,guaranteeing veto power

Question 2

At what conference did the Allies decide the division and borders of defeated Germany in July 1945?

A)the Berlin conference
B)the Weimar conference
C)the Yalta conference
D)the Munich conference
E)the Potsdam conference

Answer 2

the Potsdam conference

Question 3

Early in his reign,whose approach to rule did Nikita Khrushchev denounce in a speech to the party congress?

A)Joseph Stalin's
B)Harry Truman's
C)Winston Churchill's
D)Clement Attlee's
E)Konrad Adenauer's

Answer 3

Joseph Stalin's

Question 4

What was a primary reason the United States created the Marshall Plan to support European rebuilding?

A)public consensus that such aid was the right thing to do
B)to help Western Europe resist communism
C)to make Western European nations stronger militarily
D)to fulfill a promise made during the war
E)to convince European nations to remain on the gold standard

Question 5

What was established in 1958 with six member nations with the goal of eliminating trade barriers?

A)the European Economic Community
B)the Maastricht Treaty
C)Euratom
D)Western Union
E)the Schengen Convention

Question 6

The United States joined the members of the Pact of Brussels to form what organization,in which members agreed to defend any signatory that was attacked?

A)the United Nations
B)the League of Nations
C)the European Economic Community
D)the Warsaw Pact
E)NATO

Question 7

Who served as chancellor of the German Federal Republic until 1963?

A)Willy Brandt
B)Walter Ulbricht
C)Helmut Schmidt
D)Ludwig Erhard
E)Konrad Adenauer

Question 8

What nation developed the strongest economy in the Soviet Union's eastern bloc during the post-war period,despite many citizens fleeing for better opportunities?

A)East Germany
B)Romania
C)Poland
D)Yugoslavia
E)Czechoslovakia

Question 9

In 1948,the UN General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of __________,which built on the United States' Bill of Rights and France's Declaration of the Rights of Man and of Citizen.

A)Democracy
B)Human Rights
C)Private Property
D)Capitalism
E)Independence

Question 10

The most dramatic post-war trial for war crimes took place in what German city in 1945?

A)Berlin
B)Bonn
C)Nuremberg
D)Munich
E)Dresden

Question 11

What was the Truman Doctrine in American foreign policy?

A)The United States would "roll back" communism from Central Europe.
B)The United States would again isolate itself from European affairs.
C)The United States would provide financial support to Western Europe through the gold standard.
D)The United States would support people resisting subjugation by armed minorities or outside pressures.
E)The United States would build bases across Western Europe to confront a possible Soviet invasion.

Question 12

What name did communist East Germany take in 1949?

A)the Weimar Republic
B)the German Federal Republic
C)the People's Republic of Germany
D)the Socialist People's Republic of Germany
E)the German Democratic Republic

Question 13

For what reason did the Allies insist on a weak presidency and the power of the Bundesrat to block legislation in the West German constitution?

A)They wanted to prevent the Social Democratic Party from taking power.
B)They modeled the West German constitution on the American constitution.
C)Politicians from Catholic regions insisted on such clauses to prevent Protestant dominance.
D)Decentralization would better block Soviet power grabs in West Germany.
E)They wanted to prevent a recurrence of the centralized power Hitler had accumulated.

Question 14

Who was Lavrenty Beria?

A)a merchant who acted as a communist spy
B)Stalin's successor
C)the prime minister of Great Britain after Winston Churchill
D)the head of the secret police in the Soviet Union
E)a rebel leader in West Germany

Question 15

Why was British economic recovery slower than that of France or West Germany?

A)The cost of maintaining the British Empire weighed on the domestic economy.
B)British welfare costs were higher than those of France.
C)British citizens paid proportionally higher taxes than French or German citizens.
D)The United Kingdom had a large trade surplus with the United States,which kept the value of the pound too high.
E)The United Kingdom spent 25 percent of its national budget on the military.

Question 16

Which school of thought held that life was absurd,which freed the individual to act?

A)absurdism
B)surrealism
C)dadaism
D)existentialism
E)transcendentalism

Question 17

What name was given to the sites that housed the tens of millions of Europeans uprooted from their homes in the wake of war?

A)refugee camps
B)humanitarian settlements
C)DP camps
D)migrant housing
E)immigration reception centers

Question 18

What created the consensus that states should provide services to citizens,the "welfare state"?

A)an acceptance of communism among Western Europe's political leaders
B)accounting showing that such services would be cheaper than privately provided services
C)money from the United States specifically for such services
D)a desire to increase the power of government
E)a general appreciation for the sacrifices ordinary people had made during the war

Question 19

The 1944 conference in Bretton Woods contributed what to post-war stability?

A)The United States and the Soviet Union agreed to divide Germany after the war.
B)Participants agreed to peg their currency to the U.S.dollar and contribute to an International Monetary Fund.
C)Participants agreed on the de-Nazification of Germany before German independence.
D)Participants agreed to the creation of the United Nations.
E)The United States and the United Kingdom agreed to a policy of containment against communism.

Question 20

Which Eastern European nation broke with the Soviet Union in 1948 and built an economy in which the private sector coexisted with state planning?

A)Yugoslavia
B)East Germany
C)Poland
D)Romania
E)Bulgaria

Question 21

What was a reform that Pope John XXIII's Vatican II council introduced into the Catholic Church?

A)allowing the Mass to be said in local languages instead of Latin alone
B)making changes in the Church's dogma about marriage
C)recognizing the Church's failure when confronted with the Holocaust
D)appointing more cardinals from European nations
E)renewing the Counter Reformation

Question 22

Who authored The Second Sex,a book that mobilized women's rights movements in both the United States and Europe?

A)Hélène Cixous
B)Diane Russell
C)Simone de Beauvoir
D)Judith Butler
E)Wendy Brown

Question 23

What groups of people were dissatisfied with the post-war boundaries established by the Potsdam Conference,and why?

Question 24

Which groups experienced forced resettlement at the end of World War II,and why?

Question 25

What brought an end to decades of prosperity in 1973?

A)the Soviet invasion of Hungary,which created fears of a European war
B)the United States' decision to end the Marshall Plan
C)a communist government that took power in the United Kingdom
D)an oil embargo instituted by Middle Eastern nations
E)the savings and loan crisis that caused stock markets to crash

Question 26

Who authored The Plague,a novel that epitomized the new French thinking about personal responsibility and moral choice outside existing systems?

A)Albert Camus
B)Meursault
C)Frantz Fanon
D)Maurice Merleau-Ponty
E)Simone de Beauvoir

Question 27

Which American product or company became the most controversial object of concerns about post-war American influence in Europe?

A)McDonald's
B)Starbucks
C)Ford trucks
D)Coca-Cola
E)Budweiser