Deck 5: Globalization: the Alternative Orientation

Question 1

Reaction to which American import is largely positive?

A) entertainment media
B) fast food
C) American customs
D) SUVs

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The dominance of English-language websites,the global popularity of films like Pirates of the Caribbean,and the sale of jeans and sneakers worldwide are all examples of

A) economic globalization.
B) cultural globalization.
C) technological globalization.
D) postmodernism.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Globalization is being driven in large part by

A) the failure of the nation state to meet peoples' needs.
B) the rising power of multinational corporations.
C) technological advancements.
D) the United Nations.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Al Jazeera,the world's first Arabic language television news network,began operations in

A) 1990
B) 1993
C) 1996
D) 2006

Question 5

Transnationalism results from all of the following except

A) increased economic interdependence.
B) increased global communication.
C) increased state sovereignty.
D) increased abstract thinking.

Question 6

A great deal of the emerging global culture is Western in its orientations.This is likely because

A) Western culture is more easily marketed.
B) Other cultures have little to offer.
C) There are more Westerners than non-Westerners.
D) The West has tremendous economic and political strength.

Question 7

Economic interchange and interdependence is

A) a decreasing trend in world politics.
B) a phenomena that affect individuals in everyday life.
C) a barrier for cultural amalgamation.
D) is limited to issues of trade.

Question 8

Resistance to the adoption of a common culture is

A) directed only at the United States.
B) widespread.
C) limited to France.
D) limited mainly to the Chinese.

Question 9

In 2006,it cost how much per gallon to transport oil from the Middle East to the United States?

A) 3 cents
B) 30 cents
C) 3 dollars
D) 30 dollars

Question 10

The two main sources of transnationalism are

A) the nation-state and human thought.
B) nationalism and the nation-state.
C) globalization and human thought.
D) global interaction and nation-states.

Question 11

The spread of many Western phenomena such as basketball,e-mail,and CNN is best described as the phenomenon of

A) McWorld.
B) McCulture.
C) McWest.
D) McGlobe.

Question 12

A recent survey found that Japanese people tend to identify with

A) Asian countries.
B) China.
C) Western countries.
D) Russia

Question 13

Globalization could not exist without

A) increased trade.
B) a common religion.
C) global transportation.
D) a common currency.

Question 14

All of the following are results of globalized communication except

A) increased currency exchanges.
B) increased the number of transnational groups.
C) providing individuals with new sources of information and opinions.
D) increased pressure on governments.

Question 15

Internet use in less developed countries has grown to nearly

A) 7%
B) 14%
C) 21%
D) 28%

Question 16

The growth in global communications has

A) been limited to international telephone calls.
B) meant people now rely on the different sources for the news.
C) decreased the need for the Internet.
D) brought information to more people from the same sources.

Question 17

Which of the following thinkers or group of thinkers does not express globalist sentiments?

A) The Stoics.
B) Kant.
C) Machiavelli.
D) Marx.

Question 18

Globalization represents an increasing integration of all of the following except

A) economics.
B) culture.
C) communications.
D) morals.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the relationship between transnationalism and nationalism?

A) They are complimentary concepts that build upon one another.
B) They are antonyms, with transnationalism focusing on the ways that humans are connected across national boundaries and nationalism focusing on the ways humans are connected within national boundaries.
C) They are antonyms, with transnationalism focusing on the ways that humans are connected within national boundaries and nationalism focusing on the ways humans are connected across national boundaries.
D) They mean exactly the same thing.

Question 20

How does transnationalism undermine nationalism?

A) by eliminating nation states
B) by promoting cross-border political activity and loyalties
C) by encouraging people to travel more and learn about the world
D) by stopping nations from gaining political independence

Question 21

Religion has played a role in conflicts in all of the following places except

A) The India-Pakistan conflict over Kashmir.
B) Northern Ireland.
C) the Falkland Islands.
D) Kosovo.

Question 22

Transnational advocacy networks are made up of

A) only IGOs
B) only NGOs
C) NGOs and IGOs working together
D) Networks of states

Question 23

Islamic solidarity efforts include all of the following except

A) the formation of an NGO devoted to the Islamic cause.
B) support of the Palestine Liberation Organization.
C) increased Pan-Arab sentiment.
D) protection of Islamic holy sites.

Question 24

The term "jihad" translates as

A) "pilgrimage."
B) "missionary."
C) "terrorist."
D) "struggle."

Question 25

The growth in the number of NGOs can be attributed to all of the following except

A) a growing awareness of transnational issues.
B) advances in communications that have made contacts easier and less expensive.
C) an increased desire for stronger nationalism.
D) a growing disenchantment with existing political organizations.

Question 26

Al Qaeda would be an example of what type of transnational organization?

A) NGO
B) IGO
C) TAN
D) NATO

Question 27

Huntington believes that national identity will weaken and violent conflict will ensue among

A) seven or eight cultural blocs.
B) continental divides.
C) thousands of small groups.
D) all people, regardless of political identity.

Question 28

Europeans now see themselves in terms of being European rather than their national identity.This is in large part the result of

A) globalization
B) World War II
C) the European Union
D) the clash of civilizations

Question 29

The traditional Islamic concept ummah

A) is the idea of a Muslim community that is unified spiritually, culturally, and politically.
B) means "struggle."
C) is no longer discussed.
D) means "one who submits."

Question 30

Which country has the largest Muslim community (204 million)that constitutes 88% of its population?

A) Afghanistan
B) Pakistan
C) Indonesia
D) Turkey

Question 31

The authors cite the European Union as an example of

A) a regional organization with advanced economic integration.
B) ways to handle environmental concerns.
C) the increasing importance of states in the world system.
D) the high level of dependence that individuals have on states to formulate policies for them.

Question 32

Political identity refers to how we see ourselves as individuals connected to which of the following?

A) Religion.
B) Ideology.
C) Region.
D) All of the above

Question 33

In 1900,there were 69 NGOs; today there are approximately

A) 2,000.
B) 5,000.
C) 11,000.
D) 400,000.

Question 34

Samuel P.Huntington viewed transnationalism as a path toward

A) greater harmony.
B) state sovereignty.
C) greater conflict.
D) globalism.

Question 35

The September 11,2001,terrorist attacks support Huntington's "clash of civilizations" by pointing to

A) persistent racism.
B) clashes along religious lines.
C) clashes over gender issues.
D) clashes along national lines.

Question 36

A fundamentalist is defined in the text as

A) someone who holds conservative religious values and seeks to incorporate those values into national laws.
B) someone who has a very basic understanding of religious concepts.
C) a devout person who seeks to convert others through acts of charity and kindness.
D) a violent strand of religious thinking that seeks to drive out all possible disagreement.

Question 37

All of the following trends support Huntington's "clash of civilizations" except

A) religious fundamentalism.
B) persistent racism.
C) economic interdependence.
D) cultural clashes.

Question 38

Which of the following concepts is used to describe individuals who adopt a political identification that does not focus on the nation-state?

A) nationalism
B) patriotism
C) transnationalism
D) micronationalism

Question 39

An organization that operates across national boundaries and whose membership is composed of individuals is known as a(n)

A) IGO.
B) NGO.
C) LDC.
D) MNC.

Question 40

The attitudes of Muslims toward the non-Muslim world are shaped by all of the following historical elements except

A) a triumphant past.
B) the Muslim domination of Asia.
C) the domination of Muslims by others.
D) conflict with Christian powers.

Question 41

Global public opinion on cultural imports tends to vary by

A) geography, with developed countries more averse than less developed countries.
B) relative wealth, with wealthy people more averse than poor.
C) age, with younger people more averse than older people.
D) age, with older people more averse than younger people.

Question 42

The UN Charter pledges equal opportunity for men and women.Among the UN's professional staff

A) women hold a vast majority of positions, in order to compensate for perceived wrongs globally.
B) men and women each hold the same number of provisions, in accordance with hiring rules.
C) women remain seriously underrepresented.
D) no records on gender are kept.

Question 43

One of the outcomes of the transnational women's movement is that it has

A) driven men to be more competitive with women.
B) significantly increased the number of women pro­moted to upper- and middle-management positions.
C) increasingly enabled women to participate in poli­tics.
D) decreased opportunities for women to participate in politics.

Question 44

In their discussion of the transnational women's movement,the authors draw on human rights abuses,military force,and social and economic programs to emphasize

A) the difference between men's and women's values.
B) the similarities between men's and women's values.
C) that women are more passive than men.
D) that women are more aggressive than men.

Question 45

Which one of the following is a goal of fundamentalist Muslims?

A) a political structure dominated by religious law
B) preserving majority rule
C) the Islamic domination of all international political units
D) the inclusion of women in politics

Question 46

What best describes the current trend of transnational­ism?

A) Transnationalism has failed to affect international relations.
B) Transnationalism has already reached its peak but is waning.
C) Transnationalism continues to progress, but it is difficult to determine how long it will continue to grow.
D) Transnationalism has already brought countries under a common government through the UN and continues to be a strong force.

Question 47

What is civil society?

A) The view that the world is more than its parts.
B) The process that denotes the increasing integration of economics, communications, and culture across national boundaries.
C) Cross-national associations of individuals.
D) All of the cultural, social, economic, and other activities of individuals and groups that are beyond direct government control.

Question 48

According to the authors,one of the most resilient barriers to globalization and to transnational movements is

A) separatism.
B) feminism.
C) Islam.
D) nationalism.

Question 49

How has globalization affected the status of women worldwide?

A) The status of women has generally improved, although women remain a political minority.
B) The male backlash against women has caused the women's movement to regress in recent years.
C) Today, women can hold positions of power, but generally prefer to stay out of government.
D) Globalization has had no impact on the status of women.

Question 50

Which of the following does not stand in the way of Muslim political unification?

A) solidifying national identities
B) ethnic differences
C) the Arab League
D) patriotism

Question 51

The goal behind women's political activism is to

A) change policy.
B) discriminate against men.
C) take control of governments.
D) eliminate nuclear weapons.

Question 52

For some time,a major source of tension between Islam and the West has been

A) U.S. support for Israel.
B) the presence of oil in several prominent Arab countries.
C) The Iran-Iraq war.
D) European reluctance to let Turkey into the EU.

Question 53

A 2006 survey of mostly Christian and mostly Muslim countries assessed the importance of nationalism,asking participants if they considered themselves a first a citizen or member of their religion.How important is nationalism as a form of self-identification?

A) Nationalism is more important than religion for Christians and less important for Muslims.
B) Nationalism is less important than religion for Christians and more important for Muslims.
C) Nationalism is less important than religion for both Christians and Muslims.
D) Nationalism is more important than religion for both Christians and Muslims.

Question 54

Globally,men are more likely than women to be

A) refugees.
B) literate.
C) trapped in poverty.
D) targets of sexual assault.

Question 55

The Communist Manifesto was written by

A) Immanuel Kant.
B) Thomas Paine.
C) Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.
D) Friedrich Nietzsche.

Question 56

For most Muslims,current policies pursued by the West today are

A) a new effort to undue past injustices.
B) an extension of the history of conflict between Christianity and Islam.
C) surprising given the relatively peaceful coexistence between Christianity and Islam.
D) policy-related, and have little to do with religion.

Question 57

Women are politically active through which of the following channels?

A) the Internet
B) global conferences
C) transnational organizations
D) all of the above

Question 58

Along with France,what country views cultural imports at a 90% favorability rate?

A) China.
B) Russia.
C) Cuba.
D) Saudi Arabia.

Question 59

Women are held back from political leadership largely due to

A) a lack of education.
B) their role as mothers.
C) persistent stereotypes.
D) their lower level of aggression.

Question 60

A poll conducted in January 2002 found that the majority of Muslims viewed the United States

A) sympathetically.
B) favorably.
C) unfavorably.
D) as an important ally in the struggle for Muslim independence.

Question 61

What are the two primary sources of increased globalization?

Question 62

Transnational thought is one of the driving forces behind transnationalism.

Question 63

Has trade contributed to the spread of common culture? Explain.

Question 64

Transnational cultures tend to remain mostly static over time.

Question 65

Two-thirds of the world's illiterate persons are women.

Question 66

The number of NGO's has not increased substantially over time.

Question 67

The term "McWorld" is used to describe a resurgence of nationalism in recent years.

Question 68

Transnationalism is a new phenomenon.

Question 69

Huntington uses evidence of religious clashes to suggest that transnationalism promotes greater conflict.

Question 70

Transnational interaction is decreasing.

Question 71

List two ways in which transnational transportation has increased global interdependence.

Question 72

In general,both Muslims and Americans have negative opinions of the each other.

Question 73

Briefly describe the impact of transnational communi­cation.

Question 74

There is a long history of antagonistic between the West and the Islamic world.

Question 75

NGOs have little effect on governmental policies.

Question 76

The media has had an insignificant role in promoting a common culture.

Question 77

In the process of cultural amalgamation the West has not adopted any "foreign imports."

Question 78

Religion is a source of both peace and conflict.

Question 79

The level of global interconnectiveness is in large part due to advancements in communications and transportation.

Question 80

What is the generation gap in attitudes toward cultural imports and how does it affect policy?