Deck 28: The Nervous System

Question 1

Which part of the brain regulates balance and coordination?

A) Medulla oblongata
B) Hypothalamus
C) Amygdala
D) Occipital lobe
E) Cerebellum

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Drug addiction occurs when the central nervous system:

A) adjusts to the increased firing of neurons by reducing the number of membrane receptors in postsynaptic membranes
B) initiates new cell growth that depends on continual input of the drug
C) uses the drug as its sole neurotransmitter
D) stores the drug between neurons in the cerebral cortex for later use

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The ____________ is responsible for deep-seated emotions,including sex,hunger,thirst,pain,anger,and pleasure.

A) hypothalamus
B) limbic system
C) pituitary gland
D) cerebellum

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Cells that insulate and speed impulse conduction down neurons in the PNS are:

A) nodes of Ranvier
B) astrocytes
C) Schwann cells
D) oligodendrocytes

Question 5

Which nervous system conserves energy by slowing the heartbeat and breathing rate and promoting digestion and elimination?

A) Parasympathetic
B) Sympathetic
C) Autonomic
D) Voluntary
E) Somatic

Question 6

The ____________ nervous system cannot be controlled by conscious thought.

A) motor
B) voluntary
C) autonomic
D) central

Question 7

The _________________ is a network of nerves running through several areas of the brain,and is responsible for sleep and wakefulness.

A) limbic system
B) brain stem
C) medulla oblongata
D) reticular formation

Question 8

As terrestrial vertebrates evolved,the ______ became increasingly more prominent.

A) medulla oblongata
B) amygdala
C) cerebrum
D) occipital lobe
E) cerebellum

Question 9

Which part of the brain regulates body temperature,blood pressure,respiration and heartbeat?

A) Medulla oblongata
B) Hypothalamus
C) Amygdala
D) Occipital lobe
E) Cerebellum

Question 10

The left and right hemispheres of the brain are linked by tracts that cross in the area called the:

A) thalamus
B) corpus striatum
C) medulla oblongata
D) corpus callosum

Question 11

A number of trends have been identified that have become progressively more pronounced as nervous systems evolved greater complexity.From the list below,choose the item that is not one of these trends.

A) More sophisticated sensory systems
B) Differentiation of sensory and motor nerves
C) Elaboration of the brain
D) All of these are among the major evolutionary trends.

Question 12

Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter which forms an excitatory synapse in ____ muscle and an inhibitory synapse in _____ muscle.

A) smooth;skeletal
B) skeletal;cardiac
C) cardiac;skeletal
D) skeletal;smooth

Question 13

The human brain's center for thought and association is the:

A) cerebellum
B) hypothalamus
C) thalamus
D) cerebrum

Question 14

______________ nerves carry impulses away from the central nervous system.

A) Sensory
B) Motor
C) Afferent
D) Involuntary

Question 15

The interaction of excitatory and inhibitory effects at the cell body of a neuron is known as:

A) autonomic control
B) integration
C) sensory control
D) interpretation

Question 16

A nerve impulse is initiated when:

A) a reversal in the polarized state of the cell causes it to reach action potential
B) physical disruption of the cell membrane causes some of its contents,including ions,to leak out
C) the Schwann cells move into their new position
D) voltage-gated channels close

Question 17

When the body wants to prolong or inhibit the transmission of an impulse from one neuron to the next,it often employs:

A) the electron transport chain
B) voltage end-gates
C) neuromodulators
D) electrical connections

Question 18

_________ produce myelin in the peripheral nervous system,while _______ produce myelin in the central nervous system.

A) Dendrites;axons
B) Nodes of Ranvier;dendrites
C) Axons;oligodendrocytes
D) Schwann cells;oligodendrocytes

Question 19

The part of the brain that integrates internal activities is the:

A) thalamus
B) hypothalamus
C) cerebellum
D) pituitary gland

Question 20

The major site of sensory processing in the brain is the:

A) thalamus
B) brain stem
C) hypothalamus
D) cerebellum

Question 21

Instead of having synapses between two nerves cells,why not just "wire" the two cells together somehow?

Question 22

One hypothesis as to the cause of Alzheimer Disease maintains that an abnormal form of an internal protein forms _______________ which interfere with the normal function of the neuron.

Question 23

A __________ produces a rapid,automatic motor response to a stimulus.

Question 24

One division of the autonomic nervous system,called the ____________ nervous system,is active in times of stress.

Question 25

Much of the thought that occurs in the thinking portion of the brain occurs in the gray outer layer called the ______________.

Question 26

Compare the sympathetic nervous system with the parasympathetic nervous system.

Question 27

The ___________ is a cable of neurons arising from the base of the brain stem,extending downward through the vertebral column.

Question 28

The drug PCP (angel dust)elicits its actions by blocking the elimination of biogenic amines from the synapse.

Question 29

The simplest nervous system occurs among:

A) cnidarians
B) nematodes
C) platyhelminthes
D) mollusks
E) sponges

Question 30

Prozac,and drugs like it,promote the reabsorption of serotonin by the presynaptic cell.

Question 31

Which is the only major phylum of animals that lack nerves?

A) Cnidarians
B) Nematodes
C) Platyhelminthes
D) Mollusks
E) Sponges

Question 32

Describe the condition of a neuron when it is not transmitting a nervous impulse,that is,when it is at rest.