Deck 25: Fungi That Affect Human Health

Question 1

The following pairs are matched correctly except one.Choose the exception.

A)tetracycline - bactericidal and fungicidal
B)penicillin - bactericidal
C)griseofulvum - fungicidal
D)cephalosporin - fungicidal
E)echinocandin - fungicidal

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The following compounds are matched correctly with their effect except one.Choose the exception.

A)cyclosporin - immunosuppression
B)lovastatin - lowers LDL
C)amatoxin - gangrene;hallucinations
D)ergometrine - vasoconstriction;smooth muscle cramping
E)muscimol - epilepsy-like seizures;hallucinations

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Penicillin was first used to treat war wounds in

A)the American Civil War.
B)the Spanish-American War
C)World War I
D)World War II
E)the American - Korean War

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What has been the downside to the widespread use of penicillin?

A)the evolution of resistance by many bacteria
B)the development of allergies by many humans
C)it is very easy to overdose on small amounts of penicillin
D)penicillin is highly addictive
E)the cost of penicillin is prohibitive for much of the world

Question 5

The fungus most closely related to the hallucinogenic drug,LSD is

A)Claviceps purpurea
B)Conocybe cyanopus
C)Amanita muscaria
D)Panaeolus cyanescens
E)Psilocybe cubensis

Question 6

By far most fatalities from mushroom poisonings are caused by mushroom in the genus

A)GalerinA.
B)Amanita.
C)Psilocybe.
D)Agaricus.
E)Conocybe

Question 7

Which of the following compounds has its effect by blocking the synthesis of mRNA?

A)aflatoxins
B)lovastatin
C)amatoxins
D)ergometrine
E)muscimol

Question 8

What organ is most affected by amatoxins?

A)heart
B)lungs
C)kidney
D)liver
E)pancreas

Question 9

Mycotoxins most commonly develop in

A)growing fields.
B)storage.
C)processing.
D)cooking.
E)the digestion process.

Question 10

Called by the Aztecs Teonanacatl,this sacred mushroom is of the genus

A)GalerinA.
B)Amanita.
C)Psilocybe.
D)Agaricus.
E)Conocybe

Question 11

How does penicillin affect bacteria?

A)it binds to and immobilizes bacterial tRNA
B)it blocks the formation of bacterial cell walls
C)it interferes with the storage of glucose
D)it pokes holes in the bacterial plasma membrane

Question 12

Aflatoxins have been implicated in _______ cancer.

A)breast
B)bone
C)liver
D)pancreatic
E)colon

Question 13

Among the following the best treatment for ringworm is

A)streptomycin.
B)griseofulvin.
C)cyclosporin.
D)simvastatin.
E)cephalosporin.

Question 14

All of the following fungal species are matched with the active chemical compound they produce except one.Choose the exception.

A)Claviceps purpurea - ergometrine
B)Conocybe cyanopus - amatoxins
C)Amanita muscaria - ibotenic acid
D)Panaeolus cyanescens - psilocybin
E)Amanita virosa - aflatoxins

Question 15

You find a beautiful tall,white mushroom with an annulus,veil,and volva.You most likely have found

A)Amanita muscariA.
B)Psilocybe cubensis.
C)Agaricus bisporus.
D)Amanita virosa.
E)Lentinus edodes.

Question 16

Ergot are fungal

A)basidiocarps.
B)asci.
C)arbuscles.
D)sclerotia.
E)conidia.

Question 17

The fungus,_______,is the most common source of mycotoxins affecting human health.

A)Claviceps purpurea
B)Penicillium chrysogenum
C)Aspergillus flavus
D)Amanita verosa
E)Candida albicans

Question 18

In which of the following plants could you find ergot?

A)potato
B)wheat
C)apple
D)squash
E)in all of these plants you could find ergot

Question 19

Which of the following is not a semisynthetic penicillin?

A)amoxicillin
B)ampicillin
C)methicillin
D)cephalosporin

Question 20

Several hours after eating a peanut butter sandwich on rye bread,Bart the bartender starting scratching his itchy skin.He then began having severe muscle cramps and spasms.A short while later,he began having visions of demons dancing on tables.What fungal poison did Bart the bartender ingest?

A)ergometrine
B)amatoxins
C)ibotenic acid
D)psilocybin
E)aflatoxins

Question 21

The following fungi are correctly matched with their type of mycoses except one.Choose the exception.

A)Microsporum - systemic
B)Canidia - superficial
C)Histoplama - systemic
D)Trichophyton - superficial
E)Aspergillus - systemic

Question 22

An unusual toxin which is excreted by the kidneys unaltered and therefore is associated with ritual urine drinking is:

A)muscimol
B)mescaline
C)psilocybin
D)atropine

Question 23

Fungal toxins produced by the hyphae of common molds are called _______.

Question 24

The amatoxins are:

A)protoplasmic toxins
B)neurotoxins
C)gastrointestinal irritants
D)mycotoxins
E)non-toxic

Question 25

The fungus which infects rye plants and is a source of lysergic acid is _______.

Question 26

Griseofulvin is an antibiotic that is used to treat _______ diseases.

Question 27

Which of the following is a sacred mushroom among the native tribes of Mexico and Central America?

A)Amanita
B)Psilocybe
C)Penicillium
D)Claviceps
E)Aspergillus

Question 28

Living in water-damaged indoor areas and producing potent mycotoxins is the fungus

A)Coccidioides
B)Aspergillus
C)Stachybotrys
D)Alternaria
E)Trichophyton

Question 29

Which of the following contains a hallucinogen that can pass through the kidneys unaltered?

A)Atropa belladonna
B)Lophophora williamsii
C)Cannabis sativa
D)Amanita muscaria
E)Papaver somniferum

Question 30

A ring-like membrane on the stalk of a mushroom is called a(n):

A)gill
B)scale
C)volva
D)annulus
E)mycelium

Question 31

Tinea pedis is better known as ________.

Question 32

St.Anthony's fire or the dancing mania was caused by ingesting:

A)psilocybin mushrooms
B)fly agaric
C)ergoted grain
D)Amanita virosa.
E)Aspergillus spores.

Question 33

Preparations made from ergot can be used to effect all of the following except one.Choose the exception.

A)prevent transplant rejection
B)induce abortions
C)aid in childbirth
D)treat migraine headaches
E)induce hallucinations

Question 34

Which of the following is one of the most common allergenic fungi?

A)Coccidioides
B)Aspergillus
C)Candida
D)Alternaria
E)Trichophyton

Question 35

_______ are fungi that parasitize outer layers of the body-skin,hair,and nails.

Question 36

Chintu the chicken farmer complained to her doctor about shortness of breath.The doctor diagnosed her with tuberculosis.But soon after the diagnosis,the infection became systemic,spreading to other organs.She later died from the infection.Chintu did not have tuberculosis,she had

A)tinea pedis.
B)coccidioidomycosis.
C)histoplasmosis.
D)ergotism.
E)candidiasis.

Question 37

Candida albicans is the causal agent for all of the following except one.Choose the exception.

A)vaginal yeast infection
B)diaper rash
C)thrush
D)ringworm

Question 38

Coccidioides immitis is the cause of:

A)histoplasmosis
B)candidiasis
C)athlete's foot
D)valley fever
E)ringworm

Question 39

The most common of the opportunistic fungi is

A)Coccidioides
B)Aspergillus
C)Candida
D)Cladosporium
E)Trichophyton

Question 40

Seth the secretary works in one of the oldest buildings in the city.Lately,Seth has been suffering from burning eyes,dizziness,tightness of breath,and headaches.Most likely Seth the secretary has

A)tinea pedis.
B)sick building syndrome.
C)histoplasmosis.
D)ergotism.
E)candidiasis.

Question 41

Inhalation of ______ from the spores of Stachybotrys was implicated in the death of infants from pulmonary hemorrhage.

Question 42

A ringworm infection occurring on the scalp is called ______.

Question 43

The partial veil is a membrane that covers the ______ during mushroom development.

Question 44

Antidotes are available for amatoxins.

Question 45

Penicillin production today comes from Penicillium chrysogenum originally isolated from a moldy ______.

Question 46

It has been suggested that the consumption of ________ grain may have caused the hysteria that led to the Salem witch trials in 1692.

Question 47

Statin drugs were originally developed to reduce _______ levels and are now being hailed as new wonder drugs.

Question 48

Common saprobes that can cause systemic infections in immune-compromised patients are called _________ pathogens.

Question 49

Poisonous mushrooms always have an annulus and volva.

Question 50

______ was first isolated from contaminated animal feed that caused Turkey X Disease.

Question 51

Antibiotics have ended the threat of bacterial diseases.

Question 52

Cladosporium and Alternaria are common allergenic fungi.

Question 53

LSD is associated with ergot of rye.

Question 54

During the Middle Ages,ergotism was called _______.