Deck 6: Cardiovascular System: Blood

Question 1

The most abundant component of plasma is water.

Answer 1

True
Explanation: Water makes up 91% of plasma.

Question 2

When Jennifer had to receive a gamma globulin shot after being exposed to hepatitis,the gamma globulins were serving what function?

A)blood clotting agents
B)transport molecules for cholesterol and iron
C)antibodies
D)osmoregulatory molecules
E)transport molecules for glucose

Answer 2

C
Explanation: Gamma globulins serve as antibodies and will protect someone exposed to hepatitis.

Question 3

How much carbon dioxide is dissolved in the plasma?

A)0%
B)1%
C)5%
D)7%
E)10%

Answer 3

D
Explanation: About 7% of the carbon dioxide is dissolved in plasma.

Question 4

What makes the blood red?

A)albumin
B)hemoglobin
C)fibrinogen
D)globulins
E)platelets

Question 5

If there is a problem with clotting,what plasma protein may be involved?

A)fibrinogens
B)gamma globulins
C)alpha globulins
D)albumins
E)beta globulins

Question 6

Which of the following substances is not considered part of blood plasma?

A)dissolved O₂
B)glucose
C)urea
D)albumin
E)red blood cells

Question 7

If your skin and the whites of your eyes appear yellow,what is not being excreted?

A)heme
B)globin chains
C)carbonic acid
D)carbon dioxide
E)biocarbonate ion

Question 8

Mature human red blood cells

A)have a nucleus.
B)are biconcave discs without a nucleus.
C)are rare in the bloodstream.
D)carry plasma.
E)fight pathogens.

Question 9

RBCs are better known as ________ and WBCs are better known as ___________.

A)lymphocytes,monocytes
B)erythrocytes,eosinophils
C)leukocytes,erythrocytes
D)erythrocytes,leukocytes
E)macrophages,neutrophils

Question 10

What part of the hemoglobin molecule actually binds the oxygen molecule? What part binds carbon dioxide?

A)globin chain,globin chain
B)heme,heme
C)globin chain,heme
D)heme,globin chain
E)cell membrane,cell wall

Question 11

What are the most abundant plasma proteins that also establish the osmotic pressure of the plasma?

A)fibrinogens
B)gamma globulins
C)astrocytes
D)albumins
E)hemoglobin

Question 12

The two major components of blood are

A)red blood cells and white blood cells.
B)plasma and serum.
C)plasma and red blood cells.
D)formed elements and plasma.
E)platelets and plasma.

Question 13

Which of the following are actually cell fragments and not whole cells?

A)RBCs
B)WBCs
C)platelets
D)albumins
E)globulins

Question 14

What hormone produced in the kidneys stimulates production of red blood cells?

A)carbonic anhydrase
B)prolactin
C)erythropoietin
D)adrenalin
E)lipase

Question 15

Approximately how many oxygen molecules can a single RBC carry?

A)less than 10
B)one hundred
C)one thousand
D)one million
E)one billion

Question 16

How many globin chains are found in hemoglobin?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
E)4

Question 17

Which of the following is not a function of blood?

A)transport
B)defense
C)regulation
D)pumping
E)carry oxygen

Question 18

What gives rise to all the formed elements of the blood?

A)megakaryocytes
B)macrophages
C)reticulocytes
D)stem cells
E)erythroblasts

Question 19

Blood plays an important role in homeostasis.

Question 20

Hemoglobin that carries carbon dioxide is called

A)oxyhemoglobin.
B)betahemoglobin.
C)carbaminohemoglobin.
D)alphahemoglobin.
E)deoxyhemoglobin.

Question 21

Cytotoxic T cells have the ability to

A)produce antibodies.
B)destroy pathogens.
C)increase erythrocyte production.
D)stimulate thrombin.
E)produce platelets.

Question 22

Blood clotting requires 12 clotting factors and calcium ions (Ca²⁺)to ensure that plasma and the formed elements leave the blood vessels.

Question 23

Red blood cells are unable to undergo mitosis.

Question 24

A test for metal toxicity looks at the amount of metal present in the red blood cell membrane.How long ago could this metal poisoning have occurred and still be found in the cell membrane?

A)a few days
B)a week
C)a month
D)3 months
E)6 months

Question 25

Blood clotting requires 6 clotting factors and calcium ions (Ca²⁺)to ensure that plasma and the formed elements remain in the blood vessels.

Question 26

Robby could not produce the enzyme adenosine deaminase.As a result,he suffered from

A)mononucleosis.
B)cystic fibrosis.
C)sickle cell anemia.
D)SCID.
E)Graves diseasE.

Question 27

List the steps involved in the formation of a blood clot.

Question 28

Which of the following are agranular leukocytes?

A)neutrophils and basophils
B)lymphocytes and monocytes
C)eosinophils and monocytes
D)monocytes and neutrophils
E)neutrophils and lymphocytes

Question 29

List the 5 types of white blood cells and their functions.

Question 30

Both red blood cells and white blood cells

A)are derived from the same original stem cell.
B)have a nucleus.
C)have hemoglobin.
D)have mitochondria and other organelles.
E)can carry carbon dioxide in the blood.

Question 31

If a person does not have enough iron in their diet,they may suffer from

A)acidosis.
B)blood doping.
C)hemolysis.
D)anemia.
E)jaundicE.

Question 32

B lymphocytes are associated with

A)antibody production.
B)megakaryocyte breakdown.
C)macrophage production.
D)antigen production.
E)allergic reactions.

Question 33

In someone with terrible allergies,what leukocyte levels would be elevated?

A)neutrophil,eosinophil
B)monocyte,megakaryocyte
C)eosinophil,basophil
D)lymphocyte,monocyte
E)megakaryocyte,basophil

Question 34

Monocytes are large blood cells that differentiate into

A)megakaryocytes.
B)neutrophils.
C)globulins.
D)macrophages.
E)fibrinogens.

Question 35

After blood clots,the yellowish fluid that escapes from the clot is called

A)thrombin.
B)fibrinogen.
C)serum.
D)lymph.
E)plasma.

Question 36

Which term refers to uncontrolled growth of white blood cells?

A)leukemia
B)infectious mononucleosis
C)thrombocytopenia
D)hemophilia
E)thromboembolism

Question 37

White blood cells are like red blood cells in that they only live for a matter of days.

Question 38

The production of leukocytes is regulated by

A)rennin.
B)erythropoietin.
C)colony-stimulating factor.
D)folic aciD.
E)prolactin.

Question 39

Mark suffers from nosebleeds and gastrointestinal bleeding due to increased breakdown of platelets outside the marrow.This is called

A)thrombocytopeniA.
B)thromboembolism.
C)hemophilia.
D)prothrombin disease.
E)sickle-cell anemia.

Question 40

Which of the following is not a characteristic of infectious mononucleosis?

A)It is caused by an Epstein-Barr virus.
B)Symptoms include fever,sore throat,and swollen lymph glands.
C)There is uncontrolled white blood cell proliferation.
D)Active EBV can be passed in saliva.
E)The virus remains within a person's body for the rest of his/her lifE.

Question 41

Agglutination refers to the

A)production of antibodies.
B)destruction of red blood cells.
C)development of platelets.
D)production of lymphocytes.
E)clumping of red blood cells.

Question 42

Which of the following is not a role the skeletal system plays in helping the cardiovascular system?

A)protects the heart
B)produces blood cells
C)regulates the contraction of the heart
D)stores calcium for blood clotting
E)assists muscles in movement of blood in veins

Question 43

Excess tissue fluid becomes lymphatic fluid that eventually enters the blood stream.

Question 44

Hormones produced by the endocrine system regulate blood volume and blood cell formation.

Question 45

Which body system does not dump some product into the blood?

A)the urinary system
B)the muscular system
C)the digestive system
D)the respiratory system
E)All body systems dump wastes into the blood

Question 46

The ABO antigens and Rh antigens are the only blood groups considered before a transfusion.

Question 47

List and describe the functions of blood in the human body.

Question 48

The final reaction in blood clotting is

A)fibrinogen $\rarr$ fibrin.
B)platelets $\rarr$ prothrombin activator.
C)prothrombin $\rarr$ thrombin.
D)plasmin $\rarr$ fibrin.
E)fibrin $\rarr$ thrombin.

Question 49

The fragmentation of very large megakaryocytes results in the production of

A)leukocytes.
B)erythrocytes.
C)albumins.
D)platelets.
E)globulins.

Question 50

What do type O negative and type AB positive blood have in common?

A)A and B antigens,no antibodies
B)A antigens,anti-B antibodies
C)B antigens,no antibodies
D)no antibodies
E)nothing

Question 51

Hemophilia is a genetic clotting disorder.

Question 52

If mom has already developed anti-Rh antibodies during her first pregnancy,a RhoGAM shot will not help her second pregnancy.

Question 53

How does the muscular system benefit the blood?

A)protects the vessels
B)keeps blood moving through the heart and vessels
C)regulates the acid-base balance of the blood
D)maintains blood volume
E)produces the blood cells

Question 54

What do type A positive and AB negative blood have in common?

A)A and B antigens
B)A antigens and Rh antigens,anti-B antibodies
C)anti-B antibodies and Rh antigens
D)A antigens,anti-B antibodies
E)A antigens

Question 55

A person will have antibodies against any blood antigens different from their own,regardless of whether they have had a transfusion or not.

Question 56

A person with O negative blood has what antigens on their red blood cells?

A)A only
B)B only
C)A and Rh
D)B and Rh
E)none

Question 57

If blood clotting doesn't occur correctly what could happen?

A)Formed elements and plasma would not remain in the blood.
B)Red blood cells would increase in concentration.
C)The Ca²⁺ concentration in the blood would increase.
D)The blood pressure of the individuals would increase.
E)Fluid would accumulate in the body.

Question 58

Jeremy has type O negative blood.What type blood could he receive in a transfusion?

A)O negative only
B)A positive,A negative,B positive,and B negative
C)A positive and B positive
D)AB positive only
E)AB negative only

Question 59

Coagulation contributes to homeostasis by

A)keeping the blood within the vessels.
B)regulating body temperature.
C)destroying pathogens.
D)removing debris from the blooD.
E)maintaining the pH of the blood.