Deck 43: Reproduction-Related Disorders

Question 1

The peptide hormone responsible for the discharge of the gonadotropins from the anterior pituitary gland,which causes Kallmann syndrome when deficient,is:

A) FSH.
B) gonadotropin-releasing hormone.
C) testosterone.
D) DHEA-S.

Answer 1

gonadotropin-releasing hormone.

Question 2

In nonpregnant women,progesterone is synthesized and secreted by the:

A) corpus luteum.
B) placenta.
C) pituitary gland.
D) Both a and b are correct.

Answer 2

corpus luteum.

Question 3

The benign growth of glandular breast tissue in men is referred to as:

A) galactorrhea.
B) glanduloma.
C) andropause.
D) gynecomastia.

Answer 3

gynecomastia.

Question 4

A 14-year-old male comes to his physician with infantile genitalia and the lack of development of any secondary sex characteristics.The patient is short in stature.Upon discussion of family history,it was discovered that several male relatives had similar defects in testicular development.Based on this information,laboratory results would indicate:

A) decreased testosterone and decreased follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)/luteinizing hormone (LH).
B) decreased testosterone and elevated FSH/LH.
C) elevated testosterone and elevated FSH/LH.
D) elevated testosterone and decreased FSH/LH.

Question 5

Laboratory assessment of which of the following hormones is used to evaluate ovulation?

A) FSH
B) Estradiol
C) Progesterone
D) All of the above

Question 6

A 30-year-old female visits her physician with a complaint of excess facial and body hair,weight gain,and oligomenorrhea.She has read online that her symptoms indicate possible Cushing syndrome.Laboratory values indicate plasma cortisol levels within the reference intervals,elevated estrogen and LH,and decreased FSH.What other disorder might this patient have?

A) Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)
B) Conn syndrome
C) Ovarian tumor
D) Adult onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Question 7

Regarding the phases of the menstrual cycle,the suppression of luteinizing hormone synthesis by progesterone occurs during which one of the following phases?

A) Follicular phase
B) Luteal phase
C) Ovulation
D) Both a and b

Question 8

Which one of the following hormones shuts off synthesis and release of LH from the male pituitary gland?

A) FSH
B) Testosterone
C) Prolactin
D) Inhibin

Question 9

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S):

A) concentrations exhibit a circadian rhythm that reflects the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
B) is an important screening test used to evaluate women with hirsutism and virilization.
C) concentration is increased in 17 $\alpha$ -hydroxylase deficiency-caused amenorrhea.
D) analysis is performed using heparinized plasma.

Question 10

In measurement of testosterone in blood:

A) assessment of serum 17-ketosteroids is included.
B) specimens must be collected in EDTA anticoagulant.
C) morning specimens are preferred because of the diurnal release of testosterone.
D) 5-androstenediol derivatives are actually measured.

Question 11

Inhibin:

A) augments release of LH from the male pituitary gland.
B) promotes synthesis of testosterone by the Sertoli cells.
C) inhibits release of FSH from the male pituitary gland.
D) increases in males with elevated GnRH.

Question 12

Which one of the following statements regarding FSH/LH is incorrect?

A) LH acts to stimulate Leydig cells in the testes to synthesize testosterone.
B) FSH,secreted by the anterior pituitary,induces follicular maturation.
C) FSH acts on the cells of the follicle to increase responsiveness of LH receptors.
D) Progesterone produced by the corpus luteum causes LH levels to increase.

Question 13

Which one of the following hormones causes the hypothalamus to trigger the surge of luteinizing hormone (LH)from the anterior pituitary just before ovulation?

A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Question 14

Early activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in a young child will lead to:

A) GnRH-dependent precocious puberty.
B) GnRH-independent precocious puberty.
C) pseudoprecocious puberty.
D) pseudohermaphroditism.

Question 15

Which of the following statements concerning amenorrhea is (are)correct?

A) One cause of primary amenorrhea is Turner syndrome,in which there is no estrogen production by the ovaries.
B) Hirsutism is a typical side effect of amenorrhea caused by androgen excess.
C) Primary amenorrhea is defined as the absence of menstrual bleeding in women who have never menstruated.
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 16

Typical findings in a woman in menopause include:

A) increased progesterone.
B) decreased serum LH/FSH.
C) hirsutism.
D) decreased estrogen and inhibin.

Question 17

A typical characteristic in a woman with polycystic ovary disease (PCOS)includes:

A) markedly increased serum FSH concentration.
B) decreased serum androstenedione concentration.
C) increased serum LH concentration.
D) persistent ovulation.

Question 18

MATCHING
Match the specific hormone with its clinical usefulness.
Estriol (E₃)

A)Occurrence of ovulation
B)Assesses ovarian function
C)Screens for fetal Down syndrome
D)Assesses amenorrhea

Question 19

During the luteal phase,which hormone,when decreased in the absence of conception,releases its inhibition on pituitary gland synthesis and release of FSH?

A) Chorionic gonadotropin
B) Progesterone
C) Estrone
D) Estradiol

Question 20

What would the laboratory results be in a male patient exhibiting characteristic symptoms of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism?

A) Elevated testosterone,decreased FSH
B) Decreased testosterone,decreased FSH
C) Elevated testosterone,elevated FSH
D) Decreased testosterone,elevated FSH

Question 21

Match the hormone with the disease or condition produced by that hormone's hypersecretion or hyposecretion.
Prolactin

A)Precocious puberty
B)Polycystic ovary syndrome
C)Galactorrhea
D)Inability to maintain endometrium

Question 22

Match the hormone with the disease or condition produced by that hormone's hypersecretion or hyposecretion.
LH

A)Precocious puberty
B)Polycystic ovary syndrome
C)Galactorrhea
D)Inability to maintain endometrium

Question 23

Match the hormone with the disease or condition produced by that hormone's hypersecretion or hyposecretion.
Progesterone

A)Precocious puberty
B)Polycystic ovary syndrome
C)Galactorrhea
D)Inability to maintain endometrium

Question 24

MATCHING
Match the specific hormone with its clinical usefulness.
Prolactin

A)Occurrence of ovulation
B)Assesses ovarian function
C)Screens for fetal Down syndrome
D)Assesses amenorrhea

Question 25

To evaluate ovulation,basal body temperature can be recorded.If ovulation has occurred,a rapid decrease in body temperature is noted throughout the luteal phase and is caused by progesterone.

Question 26

MATCHING
Match the specific hormone with its clinical usefulness.
Estradiol (E₂)

A)Occurrence of ovulation
B)Assesses ovarian function
C)Screens for fetal Down syndrome
D)Assesses amenorrhea

Question 27

Match the hormone with the disease or condition produced by that hormone's hypersecretion or hyposecretion.
Testosterone

A)Precocious puberty
B)Polycystic ovary syndrome
C)Galactorrhea
D)Inability to maintain endometrium

Question 28

MATCHING
Match the specific hormone with its clinical usefulness.
LH

A)Occurrence of ovulation
B)Assesses ovarian function
C)Screens for fetal Down syndrome
D)Assesses amenorrhea