Deck 26: The Rights of Man: Revolution and the Neoclassical Style

Question 1

France,Spain,and the Netherlands provided financial and naval support to the colonies in their war for independence to

A) secure trade rights with the colonies.
B) dilute British power.
C) prevent international war.
D) ensure continuance of religious freedom.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

In 1789,French peasant and working-class women marched on Versailles to

A) kill Marie Antoinette.
B) demand bread.
C) protest taxes.
D) loot the palace.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Jacques-Louis David's overarching theme in both The Oath of the Horatii and The Lictors Returning to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons is

A) the weakness of females.
B) memento mori.
C) sacrifice for the state.
D) love of family.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

All of the following were among the three traditional French estates EXCEPT the

A) military.
B) clergy.
C) nobility.
D) bourgeoisie and commoners.

Question 5

The Stamp Act that Britain imposed on the American colonies taxed

A) marriage licenses.
B) tea.
C) academic degrees.
D) postage stamps.

Question 6

In France,the events leading to revolution were triggered by

A) loss of the Seven Years' War.
B) grain and flour shortages.
C) the murder of Jean Paul-Marat.
D) the national debt.

Question 7

Jacques-Louis David's paintings have a frozen quality to them to

A) draw attention to their high drama.
B) emphasize rationality.
C) create a clear focus.
D) preserve formal balance.

Question 8

In 1793,Olympe de Gouges was executed for

A) arguing that popular vote should select government.
B) killing Jean-Paul Marat in his bathtub.
C) calling for more liberal divorce laws.
D) proposing that marriage be based on equality.

Question 9

In his 1788 sculpture,Jean-Antoine Houdon positioned a plowshare beaten by a sword behind George Washington to

A) signify his role as a warrior who brought peace to his people.
B) show the two aspects-farming and military-of the United States.
C) show that Washington was a farmer before becoming a general.
D) reference the Roman farmer-poet Virgil and Augustus Caesar.

Question 10

In the Declaration of Independence,Thomas Jefferson's argument for freedom was inspired by

A) Thomas Hobbes.
B) Thomas Paine.
C) John Locke.
D) Voltaire.

Question 11

In her Social Contract,Olympe de Gouges called for

A) proper revolutionary costume for all women.
B) execution of all members of the royal family.
C) election of a woman to head France's government.
D) marriage based on male and female equality.

Question 12

Josiah Wedgwood's Neoclassical-ornamented jasperware was popular in the United States,because it was

A) colored.
B) mass produced.
C) rare.
D) expensive.

Question 13

Mary Wollstonecraft criticized Jean-Jacques Rousseau for his

A) not allowing women equal inheritance rights.
B) not granting women equal rights to sue for divorce.
C) support of keeping women as men's domestic slaves.
D) proposition that women are flaws in nature.

Question 14

All of the following were reforms instituted by the French Constitutional Congress EXCEPT the

A) elimination of the king and queen from card decks.
B) change of the calendar so that year one was 1792.
C) provision of two loaves of bread per week to each citizen.
D) abolition of slavery in all French colonies.

Question 15

Thomas Jefferson modeled the design of Monticello upon the architecture of

A) Andrea Palladio.
B) Giovanni Bon.
C) Charles Le Brun.
D) Christopher Wren.

Question 16

Neoclassicism became the preferred style in the late-eighteenth-century United States to

A) honor John Adams's admiration of Classical architecture.
B) reflect the new government, which was formed on Classical ideas.
C) demonstrate the United States's reverence for all things French.
D) emphasize the enduring potential of the new country.

Question 17

The French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen was influenced by the writings of

A) Voltaire.
B) Thomas Hobbes.
C) Thomas Paine.
D) Thomas Jefferson.

Question 18

Why did Thomas Jefferson locate Monticello on a hilltop?

A) Hilltops were deemed most secure in the event of war.
B) A hilltop would be safe from the floods common to that area.
C) Hilltops were traditional sites of Greek or Roman temples.
D) A hilltop provided the best view of the Virginia countryside.

Question 19

In the new America,the Neoclassical style of architecture was called the

A) Venetian style.
B) Adam style.
C) Federal style.
D) Roman style.

Question 20

The British felt entitled to tax the colonists following the Seven Years' War,having

A) opened up the Western frontier.
B) provided governors for the colonies.
C) come control all of North America.
D) saved the colonists from the French.

Question 21

Why was Napoleon Bonaparte's coup d'état of the French Directory in 1799 successful?

A) French women were threatening an uprising.
B) The Directory was not providing stability for France.
C) The Directory was proposing a new monarchy.
D) France had just entered another war with England.

Question 22

Compare Abigail Adams's views on gender equality to those of Olympe de Gouges and Mary Wollstonecraft.

Question 23

Discuss the role of women in the French Revolution.

Question 24

Describe the conditions Africans endured during the African diaspora.

Question 25

Explain the meaning and importance of Jefferson's alteration of John Locke's argument for "life,liberty,and property" in Two Treatises on Government to "life,liberty,and the pursuit of happiness."

Question 26

Describe the significance of Phyllis Wheatley's contribution to literature.

Question 27

Napoleon launched a massive rebuilding program in Paris to

A) restore it to its Baroque grandeur.
B) impress his empire with his new palace.
C) make it the new Rome.
D) expand the churches to glorify God.

Question 28

How is Jacques-Louis David's Napoleon Crossing the Saint-Bernard historically inaccurate?

A) Napoleon was much shorter than David painted him.
B) Napoleon did not cross the Alps with his army.
C) Napoleon wears a crown even though he was not emperor.
D) Napoleon crossed the Alps on a mule, not a white horse.

Question 29

In The Wealth of Nations,Adam Smith takes a laissez-faire position on slavery,because

A) he owned several slaves.
B) slave labor reduced the cost of goods.
C) he noted that slavery was just another commodity.
D) he believed blacks to be inferior to the British.

Question 30

North American slaveholders aimed to gather Africans of differing backgrounds and languages to

A) expand the slaves' gene pools.
B) prevent them from practicing Vodou.
C) determine which country had the strongest slaves
D) reduce the chances of an uprising.

Question 31

List and explain at least two reasons for the post-revolution adoption of Classical government and style in France and the United States.

Question 32

Why do scholars today doubt parts of Olaudah Equiano's autobiography of his slave years?

A) His description of the slave ship does not match historical records.
B) He likely was born in the United States, not Africa as he claimed.
C) The English did not buy slaves from Benin, where he said he was born.
D) He describes treatment that would not have been given.

Question 33

Identify,describe,and cite specific examples of two ways Jean Louis-David's paintings define French Neoclassicism.

Question 34

Phyllis Wheatley holds the distinction of being the first black

A) American to publish a book.
B) woman to become a minister.
C) woman to earn her living as a writer.
D) woman to receive a portrait commission.

Question 35

What musical form did most of the African cultures share?

A) chanting
B) drums
C) flutes
D) horns

Question 36

Compare the British Neoclassical architecture of Robert Adam to that of the American Thomas Jefferson.

Question 37

Napoleon rejected Antoino Canova's statue of him as Mars,because he

A) needed to remove himself from a military image.
B) had ordered himself portrayed as Augustus, not Mars.
C) desired to be portrayed as taller, not his actual height.
D) thought displaying himself as a nude was inappropriate.

Question 38

List and explain two ways Napoleon used art as propaganda,citing two works as examples.

Question 39

Explain the meaning and importance of Jefferson's alteration of John Locke's supporting of a government for the people to a government of and by the people.

Question 40

Compare the Americans' reasons for revolting against the British to the French's reasons for rising against the monarchy.