Deck 30: Global Confrontation and Modern Life: the Quest for Cultural Identity

Question 1

According to Émile Zola,people's lives are determined by two factors over which they have no control,namely

A) the economy and social status.
B) heredity and environment.
C) class and heredity.
D) the economy and environment.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

According to Charles Baudelaire,the greatest job of a flâneur like himself and Édouard Manet was to

A) seduce women.
B) create poetry and art.
C) challenge authority.
D) shock the bourgeoisie.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Why did Charles Baudelaire speak so disparagingly of George Sand?

A) She disguised her sexuality.
B) He despised her lack of morals.
C) She supported Louis-Napoleon.
D) He considered her to be bourgeois.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Charles Baudelaire was forced to remove six poems from his book Les Fleurs du mal because they

A) criticized the French government.
B) had themes of lesbianism and vampirism.
C) presented a romanticized view of death.
D) celebrated the lives of French prostitutes.

Question 5

In his Haussmannization of Paris,Baron Georges-Eugène Haussmann widened Paris's streets to

A) enable more shops to be built along them.
B) prevent mobs from barricading them.
C) allow for more factories to be built in the city.
D) prevent snipers from shooting.

Question 6

Baron Georges-Eugène Haussmann's plan increased land dedicated to public parks in Paris by

A) 10 times.
B) 25 times.
C) 50 times.
D) 100 times.

Question 7

Primarily contributing to the abysmal conditions in Paris in 1848 was

A) excessive taxation.
B) the potato famine.
C) poor sanitation.
D) an outbreak of the bubonic plague.

Question 8

When viewers saw Édouard Manet's Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe at the Salon des Refusés,they reacted with

A) elation.
B) bemused surprise.
C) outrage.
D) indifference.

Question 9

Naturalism differs from literary realism in that it is more

A) objective.
B) erotic.
C) optimistic.
D) subjective.

Question 10

In Rigoletto,Giuseppe Verdi shows his characters' contrasting emotions by

A) using lighting to underscore feelings.
B) replacing songs with spoken words.
C) introducing discordant musical elements.
D) presenting two scenes simultaneously.

Question 11

Why did the Parisian workers revolt in June 1848?

A) Charles-Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte declared himself emperor.
B) Bread shortages led to massive inflation.
C) The government shut down the National Workshops.
D) The military seized control of the factories.

Question 12

Why did Baron Georges-Eugène Haussmann's redesign cause the working class to move outside the city?

A) Their neighborhoods were destroyed.
B) Schools were located outside the city.
C) Factories replaced their tenement housing.
D) The government built new houses for them there.

Question 13

In his Communist Manifesto,Karl Marx essentially called for

A) revolution by the workers.
B) stronger government control.
C) a welfare system.
D) the closing of the factories.

Question 14

Friedrich Engels and Karl Marx wanted to eliminate capitalism,believing it to

A) depend too heavily on governmental support.
B) generate inadequate profits.
C) be inefficient in producing products for export.
D) be inherently unfair.

Question 15

Viewers of Édouard Manet's Olympia were disturbed primarily by her

A) age.
B) class.
C) pose.
D) race.

Question 16

Charles Garnier designed the façade of the Paris Opera House to combine the Neoclassical and the Baroque to

A) satisfy liberals and nationalists.
B) highlight the best of both styles.
C) reflect a new imperial style.
D) cut expenses by using existing parts.

Question 17

Nationalism was based upon the values of

A) equality and freedom.
B) regional autonomy.
C) monarchial control.
D) working-class reform.

Question 18

George Sand challenged sexual stereotypes by

A) writing novels about female sexual desire.
B) using a man's name and dressing as a man.
C) marrying more than once.
D) having herself appointed to the French cabinet.

Question 19

Due to the 1848 revolutions across Europe,which group gained more rights?

A) Serbs
B) Croats
C) Jews
D) Russians

Question 20

Liberalism was based upon the values of

A) equality and freedom.
B) regional autonomy.
C) monarchial control.
D) working-class reform.

Question 21

Many people emigrated from China in the late nineteenth century to

A) escape despotic rulers.
B) attain religious freedom.
C) earn a living.
D) avoid imprisonment.

Question 22

In Katsushika Hokusai's The Great Wave,the distant Mount Fuji represents

A) a haven for the boats beneath the wave.
B) the immortality of the natural world.
C) the residence of the ancestors.
D) the harmonious opposite of the water.

Question 23

The East India Company recouped the money it spent buying Chinese products for import by

A) indenturing the Chinese for cheap labor.
B) opening gold and silver mines in India.
C) taxing the goods destined for America.
D) selling opium to the Chinese.

Question 24

Why did French audiences react so negatively to Richard Wagner's Tannhäuser?

A) The plot hopelessly Romantic.
B) It was performed in the German language.
C) It was a second-act dance, not a ballet.
D) The German plot inflamed French hostility.

Question 25

List three ways Baron Georges-Eugène Haussmann redesigned Paris,describing the rationale for these changes.

Question 26

Identify and explain two ways Giuseppe Verdi achieved dramatic realism in his operas.

Question 27

Identify and explain two ways Édouard Manet's Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe (Luncheon on the Grass)was designed not to please but to shock the French Salon-in other words,to fulfill Manet's role as a flâneur.

Question 28

Identify and explain three elements in Olympia that support the view that Manet designed the painting as a statement against slavery.

Question 29

Identify and describe the arguments Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels made against a capitalistic system.

Question 30

Compare the two views of nineteenth-century women that George Sand presents in her novel Lélia.

Question 31

Explain the differences between liberalism and nationalism,and show how these two ideologies figured into two of the conflicts that defined the latter half of the nineteenth century.

Question 32

Mehmet Ali presented France with an obelisk from Luxor Temple

A) for the help of the French in industrializing Egypt.
B) in gratitude for helping him become Egypt's viceroy.
C) for France's military support in his invasion of Turkey.
D) as payment for money borrowed from France.

Question 33

In both Two Courtesans,Inside and Outside the Display Window and Visiting (Kayoi),Suzuki Harunobu portrays one woman sitting and the other standing to

A) show one as virtuous and one as immoral.
B) symbolically represent an allegory of piety and worldliness.
C) reflect the Taoist principle of harmonious opposites.
D) balance the figures within his grid structure.

Question 34

To have his operas produced in Paris,Giuseppe Verdi had to

A) include a dance scene.
B) eliminate female leads.
C) reduce the orchestra's size.
D) add nationalist references.

Question 35

Japonisme is

A) the imitation of Japanese art.
B) the artform of ink painting.
C) the artform of woodblock printing.
D) Japanese art that imitates Western art.

Question 36

Which nineteenth-century artist was most enthusiastic about Japanese prints?

A) Thomas Couture
B) Gustave Caillebotte
C) Alfred Stevens
D) Vincent van Gogh

Question 37

How did Richard Wagner accomplished his new "music drama" with

A) song cycles.
B) rondo form.
C) multiple arias.
D) leitmotifs.

Question 38

Define "literary naturalism," and provide two examples in Émile Zola's works.

Question 39

In 1882,the United States outlawed Chinese immigration with the Chinese Exclusion Act for fear of Chinese immigrants

A) forming violent gangs.
B) taking jobs from Americans.
C) trafficking in opium.
D) creating slums.

Question 40

The aristocratic Jockey Club demanded that French opera have a second-act ballet to

A) celebrate French dance.
B) greet their late arrivals.
C) employ more actors.
D) pay homage to Louis XIV.

Question 41

Compare Japan's approach to Western contact to China's and Egypt's.

Question 42

Describe the role cotton played in Europe's subjugation of at least three non-European countries.

Question 43

Discuss the irony opium produced in British-Chinese relations.

Question 44

Compare a Wagner opera to an Offenbach operetta,focusing on why one was popular with the French and one was not.

Question 45

Compare the compositional elements of Suzuki Harunobu's Two Courtesans,Inside and Outside the Display Window and Katsushika Hokusai's The Great Wave,showing how each artist uses the Taoist principle of unity within diversity.

Question 46

Define "leitmotif," and explain Wagner's use of it to unify his musical drama.