Deck 14: Periodontal Disease

Question 1

Which of the following is the primary factor causing periodontal disease?

A)Type of bacteria present
B)Length of time bacteria is left undisturbed
C)Patient's response to bacteria
D)Plaque

Answer 1

Plaque

Question 2

The presence of which of the following conditions indicates periodontitis rather than gingivitis?

A)Inflammation
B)Loss of attachment
C)Tight adaptation of tissue to teeth
D)Increased pocket depth without loss of attachment

Answer 2

Loss of attachment

Question 3

Perioscopy uses:

A)a miniature a miniature dental endoscope, along with video, lighting, and magnification.
B)time-release antibiotic spheres delivered in a mouth tray.
C)a surgical microscope with use of gingival retraction cord.
D)reflection of tissue and treatment of root surfaces with fibronectin.

Answer 3

a miniature a miniature dental endoscope, along with video, lighting, and magnification.

Question 4

Which of the following are the two basic forms of periodontal disease?

A)Gingivitis and calculus
B)Calculus and plaque.
C)Plaque and periodontitis
D)Gingivitis and periodontitis

Question 5

Subgingival calculus:

A)is found above the margin of the gingiva.
B)is visible as a yellowish-white deposit.
C)occurs frequently near the openings of Wharton's ducts and Stensen's ducts.
D)is not site specific and is found throughout the mouth.

Question 6

Gingivitis is:

A)difficult to treat and control.
B)loss of connective tissue.
C)loss of bone.
D)inflammation of gingival tissue.

Question 7

Which form of periodontal disease is reversible?

A)Gingivitis
B)Periodontitis
C)Both gingivitis and periodontitis
D)Neither gingivitis nor periodontitis

Question 8

Which of the following must be removed by the dentist or the dental hygienist with scaling instruments?

A)Food debris
B)Plaque
C)Calculus
D)Erythrosine stain

Question 9

________ is inflammation of the supporting tissues of the teeth,progressing from the gingiva into the connective tissue and alveolar bone that support the teeth.

A)Gingivitis
B)Supragingival calculus
C)Periodontitis
D)Inflamed gingiva

Question 10

Almost ___% of American adults have some sort of periodontal disease.

A)35
B)49
C)60
D)75

Question 11

Periodontal disease is considered to be localized if fewer than ___% of sites in the mouth are affected.

A)10
B)30
C)50
D)90

Question 12

Bacteria in dental _____ cause inflammation by producing enzymes and toxins that destroy periodontal tissues and lower host defenses.

A)calculus
B)plaque
C)scum
D)subgingival calculus

Question 13

An individual with chronic periodontal disease is at increased risk for respiratory infection.

Question 14

The reason why women with severe periodontal disease have a greater risk for preterm low-birth-weight (PLBW)babies is thought to be due to:

A)increased placental bacteremia causing the infant to reject the mother.
B)certain biochemicals produced with periodontal disease, which can create hormones that cause early uterine contractions and labor.
C)increased metabolic requirement due to bacterial load.
D)the rise in basal metabolic rate due to the constant, chronic inflammatory response.

Question 15

Which is not true of perioscopy?

A)It is a new procedure that uses a miniature dental endoscope with video, lighting, and magnification technology to look into a deep subgingival pocket.
B)It is able to determine the precise location of root deposits, granulation tissue, caries, and root fractures.
C)It assists the operator in identifying and removing calculus that might have been missed.
D)It is unable to identify initial decay or cracks.

Question 16

Periodontal science has proven a relationship with:

A)liver failure.
B)renal disease.
C)several types of cancer.
D)several systemic diseases.

Question 17

Periodontal disease may be triggered by all but which of the following factors?

A)Unattached gingiva
B)Malocclusion
C)Nutritional deficiencies
D)Some blood pressure medications

Question 18

Which of the following is the part of the periodontium that is attached to the root surface?

A)Cementum
B)Alveolar bone
C)Periodontal ligament
D)Periodontium

Question 19

Which of the following is the leading cause of tooth loss in adults?

A)Caries
B)Old age
C)Periodontal diseases
D)Lack of home care

Question 20

Which of the following is not a relationship between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease?

A)Oral bacteria can spread easily into the bloodstream.
B)Oral bacteria can attach to fatty plaques in the coronary arteries, contributing to clot formation and heart attacks.
C)A person with periodontal disease is more than three times more susceptible to coronary heart disease and stroke.
D)Ventricular septal defect

Question 21

It is important to document home care and that the patient has been informed about the potential for future periodontal disease if home care does not improve.

Question 22

Loss of connective tissue attachment is associated with periodontitis and not gingivitis.

Question 23

Which characteristic is unique to diabetes mellitus-associated gingivitis?

A)Inflammation present at the gingival margin
B)Bleeding
C)Severity is related to blood glucose levels
D)Changes in contour

Question 24

_____ is not a risk factor for periodontal disease.

A)Smoking
B)Osteoporosis
C)Carbohydrate consumption
D)Stress

Question 25

Which of the following is a type of gingival infection is characterized by necrosis of gingival papillae?

A)Juvenile periodontitis
B)Prepubertal periodontitis
C)Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
D)Necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis

Question 26

There is a great deal of variability in the susceptibility of an individual patient to periodontal disease and in successful outcomes of treatment.

Question 27

Which of the following is not a characteristic of aggressive periodontitis?

A)It is characterized by necrosis of gingival tissues, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone.
B)Aggressive periodontitis occurs before 35 years of age.
C)Aggressive periodontitis is a rapidly progressive form of periodontitis.
D)Aggressive periodontitis is not generally associated with other systemic diseases.

Question 28

Which of the following systemic conditions is not associated with sex hormone gingival disease?

A)Puberty
B)Pregnancy
C)Menstrual cycle
D)Leukemia

Question 29

A patient complaining of discomfort is one of the first signs of gingivitis.

Question 30

Which of the following characteristics is associated with diseased rather than healthy gingival tissue?

A)Uniformly pale pink
B)Attached and stippled
C)Bleeding upon probing
D)Firm and resilient

Question 31

A probing depth of more than ___ mm is associated with gingival disease.

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)6

Question 32

A woman with severe periodontal disease has a greater risk for a preterm infant with low birth weight.
a.

Question 33

Which of the following is the primary cause of periodontal disease?

A)Bacterial plaque
B)Poorly fitting restorations
C)Stress
D)Diabetes

Question 34

Which is not true of subgingival calculus?

A)It forms below the root surface.
B)It can be dark due to staining.
C)It is associated with the ducts of the major salivary glands.
D)It increases the damage caused by oral bacteria.

Question 35

Which of the following is not a characteristic of chronic periodontitis?

A)It is most prevalent in adults, and severity increases with age.
B)It is characterized by inflammation of the supporting structures of the teeth.
C)It leads to destruction of the periodontal ligament and loss of adjacent bone.
D)It is strongly associated with Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans species of bacteria.

Question 36

Which of the following classifications of chronic periodontitis is indicated by clinical attachment loss of up to 4 mm?

A)Gingivitis
B)Slight periodontitis
C)Moderate periodontitis
D)Severe periodontitis