Deck 9: Intelligence and Iq Testing

Question 1

Kenneth is especially skilled when it comes to chart-reading, map-reading, and graph-reading tasks. According to Gardner, Kenneth's skills reflect ________ intelligence.

A)spatial
B)linguistic
C)logic-mathematical
D)naturalistic

Answer 1

spatial

Question 2

Brandon can name all 50 states and their capitals. Which type of intelligence is he relying most on?

A)Semantic
B)Fluid
C)Crystallised
D)Static

Answer 2

Crystallised

Question 3

Who would have supported the notion that intelligence resulted from a single ability and could be represented by a single test score?

A)Gardner
B)Spearman
C)Sternberg
D)Binet

Answer 3

Spearman

Question 4

With all the controversy that surrounds intelligence testing, what is the most likely explanation as to why it is still a good predictor of classroom performance?

A)The original intelligence tests were focused on predicting academic achievement.
B)Many teachers focus their lessons on items contained on those intelligence tests.
C)Most intelligence tests focus on vision and hearing, which are both important in the classroom.
D)The creators of the first intelligence test were focused on special learners, so the test was not as difficult as it should have been.

Question 5

Measuring intelligence by testing is a rather new concept in the history of the world. The idea of such testing came from ________.

A)the United States
B)the United Kingdom
C)the Soviet Union
D)France

Question 6

Whose theory suggests that Tiger Woods's ability to hit a golf ball might be considered a form of intelligence?

A)Spearman
B)Galton
C)Binet
D)Gardner

Question 7

People began measuring intelligence through tests roughly ________ years ago.

A)50
B)100
C)200
D)500

Question 8

The original purpose of the first intelligence test was to

A)identify areas of academic weakness in grade school children.
B)identify which children were likely to do well in school.
C)identify which children were likely to benefit from vocational education.
D)identify which students were in need of accelerated instruction.

Question 9

Because Ken's history lecturer was a university student during the 1970s, he has extraordinary insight and knowledge of facts concerning the Vietnam War era. This knowledge is associated with the term

A)crystallised intelligence.
B)fluid intelligence.
C)general intelligence.
D)multiple intelligence.

Question 10

A theory of intelligence with eight components (and one tentative addition)was postulated by ________.

A)Gardner
B)Spearman
C)Sternberg
D)Terman

Question 11

According to Gardner, there are as many as ________ types of intelligence.

A)three
B)five
C)seven
D)nine

Question 12

Alfred Binet and Sir Francis Galton would have likely disagreed about

A)the extent to which our senses influence intelligence.
B)the extent to which tests can measure intelligence.
C)the extent to which intelligence tests were reliable.
D)the extent to which intelligence tests were objective measures.

Question 13

The distinction between fluid intelligence and crystallised intelligence was first postulated by

A)James McKeen Cattell and Louis Thurstone.
B)Robert Sternberg and Howard Gardner.
C)Raymond Cattell and John Horn.
D)Charles Spearman and William Stern.

Question 14

________ intelligence refers to the accumulated knowledge we acquire as we age.

Question 15

Ms Bouvier is a first-grade teacher. She has just given Chelsea her screening test in the area of reading. Chelsea scored very high in word recognition, so Ms Bouvier assumes she will score high on the rest of the test. It is clear that Ms Bouvier believes in the ________ factor of intelligence.

A)g
B)s
C)a
D)r

Question 16

________ hypothesised that there was one single common factor (g)that accounted for the intellectual differences among people.

Question 17

According to Spearman, it is one's ________ intelligence that produces the positive correlations found between vocabulary, spatial ability, and verbal reasoning tests.

A)general
B)emotional
C)crystallised
D)fluid

Question 18

The type of intelligence that allows you to learn to play your first few notes on a saxophone is called

A)crystallised intelligence.
B)emotional intelligence.
C)abstract intelligence.
D)fluid intelligence.

Question 19

Who is engaged in abstract thinking?

A)Susie, who says that most apples are coloured red
B)Benito, who says the sun might explode one day
C)Gene, who argues that the Red Sox are better than the Yankees this year
D)Marlita, who says her favourite television show is Hannah Montana

Question 20

In addition to general intelligence, Charles Spearman believed that intelligence scores also reflected

A)specific intellectual abilities, or s factors.
B)fluid intelligence, or f factors.
C)crystallised intelligence, or c factors.
D)genetic abilities.

Question 21

Justin was an average student in school. He ultimately earned his college degree, barely maintaining a "C" average. He has since been named manager of a local retail store and is responsible for the store's unprecedented success. According to Sternberg, at what type of intelligence does Justin excel?

A)Social
B)Practical
C)Analytical
D)Creative

Question 22

Which subdivision of the cortex is most active on tasks involving planning, impulse control, and short-term memory?

A)Parietal cortex
B)Temporal lobes
C)Prefrontal cortex
D)Occipital cortex

Question 23

________ suggested that intelligence could be comprised of musical ability, athletic ability, interpersonal skills, and public-speaking ability, in addition to several other skills.

Question 24

________ proposed that intelligence was comprised of analytical, practical, and creative-thinking skills.

Question 25

According to Robert Sternberg, ________ is best described as "street smarts", or the ability to use information to get along in life.

A)analytical intelligence
B)creative intelligence
C)practical intelligence
D)general intelligence

Question 26

According to Sternberg's theory, which of the following statements is the most accurate?

A)Creative intelligence is similar to crystallised intelligence.
B)Practical intelligence involves our ability to use original thinking to solve problems.
C)Analytical intelligence is similar to Spearman's g factor of intelligence.
D)Practical intelligence is similar to Gardner's naturalistic intelligence.

Question 27

According to Sternberg, ________ intelligence is akin to the ability to reason logically.

A)analytical
B)creative
C)practical
D)fluid

Question 28

Which of the following statements is true concerning the relationship between brain size and intelligence?

A)The higher the brain volume is, the higher the intelligence test scores.
B)Higher brain volume causes higher intelligence test scores.
C)The higher the brain volume is, the lower the intelligence test scores.
D)Higher brain volume is unrelated to intelligence test scores.

Question 29

According to Robert Sternberg, ________ is the ability to deal with new and different concepts and to come up with new ways of solving problems.

A)analytical intelligence
B)creative intelligence
C)practical intelligence
D)general intelligence

Question 30

Marcos, a zoology professor, has always been fascinated by the study of alligators, crocodiles, and lizards. According to Gardner, Marcos is strong in the area of ________ intelligence.

A)kinesthetic
B)naturalistic
C)spatial
D)logical

Question 31

The phrase "know thyself" most accurately reflects ________ intelligence.

A)naturalistic
B)interpersonal
C)linguistic
D)intrapersonal

Question 32

Which of the following methods would be best for investigating the correlates of differences between high and low IQ scorers?

A)Using brain-imaging techniques to investigate which parts of the brain are more active on certain tasks
B)Using learning styles questionnaires to assess learning preferences
C)Using personality measures to assess behaviours and attitudes
D)Using vocational interest inventories to assess future career ambitions

Question 33

What three types of intelligence constitute Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence?

A)Global, intuitive, and special
B)General, global, and specific
C)Mathematical, reasoning, and verbal
D)Analytical, creative, and practical

Question 34

Stephanie's friends describe her as someone who has the uncanny ability to say the right thing at the right time whenever someone is in need. According to Gardner, Stephanie's skills may reflect a type of ________ intelligence.

A)naturalistic
B)emotional
C)interpersonal
D)intrapersonal

Question 35

According to the triarchic theory of intelligence, "street smarts" is to ________ intelligence as "book smarts" is to ________ intelligence.

A)creative; analytical
B)creative; practical
C)practical; analytical
D)fluid; crystallised

Question 36

Which of the following principles of critical thinking represents one of the difficulties with Gardner's theory of intelligence?

A)Replicability
B)Diversity
C)Accuracy
D)Falsifiability

Question 37

Shalissa is described as being tactful and able to analyse situations to her advantage. She is probably high in ________.

A)analytical intelligence
B)creative intelligence
C)practical intelligence
D)general intelligence

Question 38

Gardner's intelligence type that is associated with the ability to excel in the arena of sports is ________ intelligence.

Question 39

Corrie is well-liked by all her classmates. She has lots of friends and is always one of the first people chosen whenever there are group projects. According to Gardner, at which type of intelligence does Corrie likely excel?

A)Interpersonal
B)Intrapersonal
C)Naturalistic
D)Spatial

Question 40

General findings are that there is a moderate positive correlation-about .3 to .4-between brain size and measured intelligence. We must remember, however, that this relationship does not mean that having a bigger brain is directly responsible for higher intelligence. Some third variable, such as better nutrition, might explain this relationship. This reminds us of the critical-thinking concept of

A)correlation versus causation.
B)replicability.
C)Occam's Razor.
D)extraordinary claims.

Question 41

Stern's formula for calculating IQ is ________.

Question 42

________, a professor of psychology at Stanford University, revised the Binet-Simon scale and released it in a form that is still used today (in its fifth edition).

A)William Stern
B)Lewis Terman
C)Henri Simon
D)David Wechsler

Question 43

Binet and Simon's intelligence test included ________ items as one subtest area.

A)drawing pictures from memory
B)reciting poems
C)object assembly
D)tests of athletic ability

Question 44

The brain region found to be most active in tasks that involve planning, reasoning, and short-term memory is the ________.

Question 45

If you want to preserve your level of intelligence, which of the following should you be most concerned with?

A)A hard blow to the side of your head
B)A hard blow to the back of your head
C)A hard blow to the front of your head
D)A hard blow to any part of the head will have the same impact on intelligence.

Question 46

The cousin of Charles Darwin who believed that intelligence is a byproduct of sensory capacity was ________.

A)Alfred Binet
B)James Cattell
C)Henri Simon
D)Sir Francis Galton

Question 47

A question asking why people need birth certificates would fall under which subscale area of the WAIS?

A)Comprehension
B)Information
C)Vocabulary
D)Evaluation

Question 48

William Stern's formula for the intelligence quotient was mental age/chronological age × 100. What is the IQ of a 12-year-old with a mental age of 9?

A)75
B)85
C)125
D)135

Question 49

Despite Sir Francis Galton's belief that intelligence was strongly related to one's sensory capacity, later research found that possessing one exceptional sense, like heightened hearing, highly correlated with overall intelligence. This is important because it reminds us of the critical-thinking concept of

A)falsifiability.
B)correlation versus causation.
C)Occam's Razor.
D)ruling out rival hypotheses.

Question 50

What famous quote from the movie Forrest Gump best exemplifies Edwin Boring's definition of intelligence?

A)"Life is like a box of chocolates."
B)"Run, Forrest, run!"
C)"Stupid is as stupid does."
D)"My name is Forrest ... Forrest Gump."

Question 51

Frank doesn't necessarily have a high IQ as measured on standardised intelligence tests, but he is well aware of his strengths and weaknesses. He chooses jobs that suit his strengths and is particularly skilled at adapting to any changes in his environment. Frank likely has high ________ intelligence as defined in the triarchic theory.

A)creative
B)analytical
C)experiential
D)practical

Question 52

Concerning intelligence and memory, which statement is true?

A)Intelligence test scores tend to be positively correlated with scores on short-term memory tests.
B)Intelligence test scores tend to be negatively correlated with scores on short-term memory tests.
C)Intelligence test scores tend to be unrelated to scores on short-term memory tests.
D)Intelligence test scores tend to be inversely correlated with scores on short-term memory tests.

Question 53

Which of the following areas of the brain, by virtue of its dense neural connections to other brain structures, might actually be the "command and control centre" of human intelligence?

A)The lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus
B)The corpus callosum
C)The prefrontal cortex
D)The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST)

Question 54

The correlations between different assessed aspects of intelligence as measured by the Binet-Simon intelligence test formed the basis of Spearman's concept of one general intelligence. These correlations have been supported by the use of modern intelligence tests. The repeated findings of similar outcomes is the key to which critical-thinking concept?

A)Correlation versus causation
B)Replicability
C)Extraordinary claims
D)Falsifiability

Question 55

Who has the highest IQ?

A)Clarissa, with a mental age of 9 and a chronological age of 9
B)Matt, with a mental age of 9 and a chronological age of 10
C)Cecilee, with a mental age of 9 and a chronological age of 7
D)They would all be close in IQ; the difference would not be significant.

Question 56

This person devised a simple formula for calculating an index of intelligence, or intelligence quotient (IQ).

A)Theo Simon
B)Wilhelm Stern
C)Franz Gall
D)Louis Thurstone

Question 57

Which of the following is an intelligence test that is commonly used to assess the cognitive functioning of children?

A)MMPI-2
B)Ravens Progressive Matrices
C)WAIS
D)WPPSI

Question 58

Which researcher studied the effects of sensory abilities on intelligence?

A)Alfred Binet
B)Henri Simon
C)Sir Francis Galton
D)Charles Spearman

Question 59

Twelve-year-old Arnold received an IQ test score of 75. What is his mental age?

A)9
B)10
C)5
D)7

Question 60

"Tacit" intelligence is most related to which aspect of Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence?

A)Practical intelligence
B)Analytical intelligence
C)Fluid intelligence
D)Creative intelligence

Question 61

The WAIS-IV, the most recent edition of this test, contains ________ different subtests that assess five different areas of intelligence.

Question 62

Because of the need to measure the IQ of people of varying ages, newer IQ tests base their evaluation of IQ on ________.

A)mental age alone
B)deviation scores from the mean of the normal distribution
C)giving extra points for older people to compensate for their slower processing times
D)physical tests rather than pen-and-paper tests

Question 63

The expressed purpose of the eugenics movement was to

A)improve a population's genetic stock by way of delivering increased educational training for those with high IQs.
B)improve a population's genetic stock by implementing sterilisation plans for those of low IQ to prevent them from breeding.
C)improve a population's genetic stock by way of delivering increased educational training for those with low IQs.
D)improve a population's genetic stock by way of providing those with low IQ increased access to higher education.

Question 64

One's verbal comprehension IQ score on the WAIS primarily relates to which type of intelligence?

A)Fluid
B)Crystallised
C)Emotional
D)Multiple

Question 65

One of the first psychologists to misuse intelligence tests by administering them as a qualification for immigration into the United States was

A)Gardner.
B)Sternberg.
C)Goddard.
D)Spearman.

Question 66

Based on IQ score information as described by Stern, a student with an IQ score of 120 is likely to answer IQ test questions like someone who is age ________, even though the student is only ________.

A)10; 12
B)12; 11
C)10; 8
D)12; 10

Question 67

The deviation IQ score

A)compares mental age to chronological age.
B)is an IQ score expressed as a standard deviation.
C)is a culture-free IQ score.
D)is an IQ score relative to one's same-aged peers.

Question 68

Describe at least three ways in which IQ tests have been misused historically.

Question 69

Which movement was Hitler's rise to power and his quest to produce the master race analogous to?

A)Ebonics
B)Darwinism
C)Genocide
D)Eugenics

Question 70

The IQ of a 10-year-old with a mental age of 12 would be ________.

Question 71

Concerning the historical misuses of IQ testing, which is true?

A)Immigrants scoring low on IQ tests usually did so because of a lack of familiarity with the English language.
B)A majority of immigrants who were given IQ tests tended to score in the average to above average range.
C)IQ tests given to immigrants in the early 1900s were valid measures of intelligence.
D)Women tended to outscore men on IQ tests during the early 1900s.

Question 72

Which views would the eugenics movement have been most likely to support?

A)Using IQ testing as a way to measure the quality of teaching and learning occurring in the schools
B)Using IQ testing as a way to pinpoint areas of weakness in the curriculum
C)Using selective breeding as a way to create an intellectually superior race of people
D)Creating IQ tests that are less culturally and racially biased

Question 73

In your estimation, which subtests of the WAIS do you believe are most significantly environmentally influenced?

Question 74

The ________ is the most widely used intelligence test for adults.

Question 75

Items asking you to arrange blocks into a particular design are found on the ________ subscale section of the WAIS.

Question 76

What is the IQ of a 12-year-old with a mental age of 16?

A)147
B)70
C)133
D)145

Question 77

Which of the following describes the main reason for using the deviation IQ formula instead of Stern's MA/CA × 100 formula to represent IQ scores?

A)Stern's formula underpredicts IQ scores for those under 20 years old.
B)Stern's formula is more difficult to calculate.
C)A 90-year-old would not likely be able to achieve an IQ of 100 using Stern's formula.
D)The older you are, the higher your IQ score will be according to Stern's formula.

Question 78

An item asking you about the temperature at which water boils would be found on the ________ subscale section of the WAIS.

Question 79

After being referred for testing, Angela scored 102 on an IQ test. Angela is now likely to be

A)placed in a special education class.
B)given accommodations due to her low test scores.
C)left with no special placement.
D)placed in a gifted and talented programme.

Question 80

The WAIS assesses performance across ________ different levels of intelligence.

A)3
B)5
C)7
D)9