Question 1

An iatrogenic pneumothorax may be caused by all of the following EXCEPT:&#10;A) positive-pressure mechanical ventilation.&#10;B)pleural biopsy.&#10;C)subclavian vein cannulation.&#10;D)endotracheal intubation.

Accepted Answer

All of the options listed can potentially lead to an iatrogenic pneumothorax, except for endotracheal intubation. This is because the endotracheal tube is inserted through the mouth or nose and into the trachea, not the pleural cavity where the lungs are located.

Question 2

A pneumothorax manifests itself clinically as a/an:&#10;A) restrictive pulmonary disorder.&#10;B)obstructive pulmonary disorder.&#10;C)equally restrictive and obstructive disorder.&#10;D)restrictive cardiac disorder.

Accepted Answer

A pneumothorax is a condition where air has entered the pleural cavity, causing collapse of the lung. This can lead to a decrease in lung volume, making it harder for the person to breathe in air. As a result, pneumothorax is considered a restrictive pulmonary disorder, which limits the ability of the lungs to inflate and breathe properly.

Question 3

Which of the following hemodynamic indices will be found in a patient with a large hemothorax?&#10;A) Decreased Qs/Qt&#10;B)Decreased CO&#10;C)Increased CI&#10;D)Increased SV

Accepted Answer

A large hemothorax can cause decreased cardiac output by restricting lung expansion and impairing gas exchange, leading to hypoxemia and respiratory distress. The other choices are not typically associated with a large hemothorax.

Question 4

Which of the following chest assessment findings would be expected in a patient with a tension pneumothorax?&#10;A) Tracheal shift toward the pneumothorax&#10;B)Dull percussion note&#10;C)Tracheal shift away from the pneumothorax&#10;D)Hyperresonant breath sounds

Accepted Answer

In a tension pneumothorax, air accumulates in the pleural space, causing the trachea to shift away from the affected side due to increased pressure.

Question 5

A 17-year-old male has been brought to the hospital because he felt short of breath after being tackled in a football game. A chest radiograph shows a broken rib and a 10% pneumothorax. The type of pneumothorax that he has is called:

A) closed.
B)sports related.
C)spontaneous.
D)iatrogenic.

Accepted Answer

A closed pneumothorax occurs when air enters the pleural space without an external wound, often due to trauma like a broken rib puncturing the lung, as in this case.

Question 6

Your patient has a pneumothorax with a sucking chest wound resulting in the movement of air from one lung to another. This is called:&#10;A) panting.&#10;B)shunting.&#10;C)bidirectional flow.&#10;D)pendelluft.

Accepted Answer

Pendelluft refers to the movement of air from one lung to the other in a patient with a pneumothorax and a sucking chest wound. This occurs due to changes in pressure within the thorax, which causes air to move from the lung with lower pressure to the lung with higher pressure. Panting refers to rapid, shallow breathing and is not related to a pneumothorax. Shunting refers to the flow of blood from one part of the lung to another without participating in gas exchange. Bidirectional flow is not a specific term related to pneumothorax or respiratory physiology.

Question 7

Your 40-year-old patient is having a chest tube placed to remove the air from her pleural space. All of the following are necessary aspects of this process EXCEPT: A) apply about -5 cm H₂O pressure to the chest tube. B)a No. 28 to 36 French gauge tube will be used. C)place the tube at the apex of the lung. D)place the tube at the base of the lung.

Accepted Answer

A chest tube should be placed at the apex of the lung to remove air, not at the base of the lung. Choice A is correct and typically involves applying negative pressure to help drain air or fluid from the pleural space. Choice B refers to the gauge of the chest tube, which will vary based on the patient's size and the reason for placing the tube.

Question 8

Treatment of a 30% pneumothorax may include:
1) endotracheal intubation.
2) giving the patient supplemental oxygen.
3) placing a chest tube into the pleural space.
4) placing a chest tube into the pericardial space.

A)1, 3
B)2, 3
C)2, 4
D)1, 2, 3, 4

Accepted Answer

Giving the patient supplemental oxygen and placing a chest tube into the pleural space are common treatments for a pneumothorax. Endotracheal intubation and placing a chest tube into the pericardial space are not typically indicated for a pneumothorax.

Question 9

What are the anatomic alterations that occur when a person has a pneumothorax?
1. The lung on the affected side collapses.
2. The visceral and parietal pleura separate.
3. The visceral pleura adheres to the parietal pleura.
4. The chest wall moves outward.

A) 1, 3
B) 3, 4
C) 2, 4
D) 1, 2, 4

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Accepted Answer

In a pneumothorax, the lung collapses due to air in the pleural space, separating the visceral and parietal pleura, and the chest wall may move outward due to loss of negative pressure.

Question 10

The lung on the affected side collapses.
2) The visceral and parietal pleura separate.
3) The visceral pleura adheres to the parietal pleura.
4) The chest wall moves outward.

A)1, 3
B)3, 4
C)2, 4
D)1, 2, 4

Accepted Answer

When the lung collapses, the visceral and parietal pleura separate, and the chest wall may move outward due to loss of negative pressure in the pleural space.

Question 11

If the a patient has a pneumothorax, all of the following chest radiograph findings would be expected EXCEPT:&#10;A) elevated hemidiaphragm.&#10;B)lung collapse.&#10;C)depressed hemidiaphragm.&#10;D)atelectasis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If the a patient has a pneumothorax,...

Question 12

Your patient with a large pneumothorax has tachycardia and a low blood pressure. What could cause this?&#10;A) Shock&#10;B)Decreased venous return to the heart&#10;C)Tracheal compression&#10;D)Compression of the abdominal aorta

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your patient with a large pneumothorax has...

Question 13

Your patient has had a puncture wound through her chest wall. This has resulted in a check valve so that room air is drawn into the chest during each inspiration and cannot get out. This will result in what type of pneumothorax?

A) Spontaneous
B)Tension
C)Open
D)Closed

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your patient has had a puncture wound...

Question 14

A 6-foot-tall, 130-pound, 22-year-old female patient has come to the emergency department with a complaint of a sudden sharp pain in the right upper chest followed by shortness of breath. She was participating in deep breathing exercises in her yoga class when this happened. The physician has determined that she has a 15% pneumothorax. How should it be classified?

A) Open
B)Exercise related
C)Spontaneous
D)Traumatic

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 6-foot-tall, 130-pound, 22-year-old female patient has...

Question 15

According to the way gas enters the pleural space, a pneumothorax will be classified as:
1) one-sided.
2) bilateral.
3) open.
4) closed.

A)1, 3
B)2, 4
C)3, 4
D)1, 2, 3, 4

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the way gas enters the...

Question 16

After the patient has had repeated pneumothoraces of her right lung, the physician has recommended that the patient have the problem permanently eliminated. What should be done?&#10;A) Pleurodesis&#10;B)Right pneumonectomy&#10;C)Permanent right sided chest tube&#10;D)Right upper lobectomy

Accepted Answer

The answer of After the patient has had repeated pneumothoraces...

Deck 22: Pneumothorax