Deck 11: Blood

Question 1

The hematocrit is the volume of a blood sample made up of

A)plasmA.
B)white blood cells.
C)platelets.
D)red blood cells.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Platelets are found in the buffy coat that is the top layer in a tube of centrifuged blood.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a nitrogenous waste found in the plasma?

A)Ammonia
B)Amino acids
C)Uric acid
D)Urea

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The process of blood cell formation is called

A)hemostasis.
B)hematopoiesis.
C)coagulation.
D)blood typing

Question 5

The plasma proteins that have the greatest effect on osmotic pressure are

A)albumins.
B)fibrinogens.
C)globulins.
D)hormones.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a regulatory function of blood?

A)Regulating body temperature
B)Regulating pH
C)Regulating capillary exchanges
D)Regulating osmotic pressure

Question 7

Where does the process of hematopoiesis occur in the adult?

A)Red bone marrow
B)Yellow bone marrow
C)Liver
D)Spleen

Question 8

Red blood cells are also known as

A)leukocytes.
B)thrombocytes.
C)erythrocytes.
D)multipotent stem cells.

Question 9

Which components of blood do NOT perform the defensive functions of blood?

A)Red blood cells
B)White blood cells
C)Antibodies
D)Platelets

Question 10

The formed elements of blood consist of

A)red blood cells.
B)white blood cells.
C)platelets.
D)All apply.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma proteins?

A)Gamma globulins form lipoproteins.
B)Albumins contribute to osmotic pressure.
C)Fibrinogen is needed for blood clotting.
D)Beta globulins bind to metal ions for transport.

Question 12

What percentage of plasma is water?

A)55%
B)92%
C)45%
D)8%

Question 13

Which of the following is a regulatory function of blood?

A)Secreting antibodies
B)Forming a blood clot
C)Maintain water-salt balance
D)Removal of wastes from cells

Question 14

Fifty-five percent of blood is

A)organic molecules.
B)plasma.
C)formed elements.
D)blood cells.

Question 15

White blood cells defend the body against pathogens.

Question 16

The cells that give rise to red blood cells,platelets,and most white blood cells are called

A)erythroblasts.
B)megakaryoblasts.
C)lymphatic stem cells.
D)myeloid stem cells.

Question 17

What is the function of dissolved salts in the plasma?

A)Maintain osmotic pressure and food for cells
B)Maintain pH and transport substances
C)Maintain osmotic pressure and pH
D)Transport and fight infection

Question 18

What type of red bone marrow cells can become any type of formed element?

A)Myeloid stem cells
B)Multipotent stem cells
C)Totipotent stem cells
D)Lymphatic stem cells

Question 19

Blood transports

A)oxygen.
B)glucose.
C)carbon dioxide.
D)All apply.

Question 20

Which of the following is a defensive function of blood?

A)Engulfing and destroying pathogens
B)Delivery of nutrients to cells
C)Distributing heat around the body
D)Regulating pH

Question 21

Which type of white blood cell has the largest percentage in a blood sample?

A)Eosinophils
B)Neutrophils
C)Basophils
D)Lymphocytes

Question 22

When the oxygen content of the blood is low,_____ is released by the kidneys to increase red blood cell production in the red bone marrow.

A)erythropoietin
B)renin
C)aldosterone
D)prothrombin

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a difference between erythrocytes and leukocytes?

A)Leukocytes have a nucleus.
B)Leukocytes are smaller.
C)Leukocytes have no hemoglobin.
D)Leukocytes are translucent unless staineD.

Question 24

Which of the following leukocytes IS correctly matched with its function?

A)Monocyte - fights against parasitic worms
B)Basophil - engulfs pathogens by phagocytosis
C)Neutrophil - becomes macrophages
D)Lymphocyte - responsible for specific immunity

Question 25

When erythrocytes are broken down,the heme group is excreted as

A)amino acids.
B)bile pigments.
C)iron.
D)erythropoietin.

Question 26

__________ is a genetic blood disease.

A)Sickle-cell disease
B)Hemolytic anemia
C)Pernicious anemia
D)Aplastic anemia

Question 27

An increase in the numbers of red blood cells that makes the blood too viscous is

A)hemorrhagic anemiA.
B)hemolytic anemia.
C)pernicious anemia.
D)polycythemia.

Question 28

The hormone that is released by the kidney that promotes the production of red blood cells is

A)insulin.
B)thyroxin.
C)erythropoietin.
D)estrogen.

Question 29

__________ is a blood disorder caused by the lack of vitamin B-12.

A)Sickle-cell disease
B)Hemolytic anemia
C)Pernicious anemia
D)Polycythemia

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT a granular leukocyte?

A)Monocyte
B)Basophil
C)Eosinophil
D)Neutrophil

Question 31

Which type of white blood cell is the first to respond to an infection?

A)Monocyte
B)Eosinophil
C)Basophil
D)Neutrophil

Question 32

__________ is an increased rate of red blood cell destruction.

A)Sickle-cell disease
B)Hemolytic anemia
C)Pernicious anemia
D)Aplastic anemia

Question 33

Which type of leukocyte is polymorphonuclear?

A)Neutrophils
B)Lymphocytes
C)Eosinophils
D)Basophils

Question 34

Which type of white blood cell stains red and helps to lessen an allergic reaction?

A)Lymphocyte
B)Eosinophil
C)Basophil
D)Monocyte

Question 35

Leukemia involves

A)uncontrolled production of abnormal white blood cells.
B)a decrease in leukocyte production.
C)a viral infection.
D)a bacterial infection.

Question 36

Which type of leukocyte will enlarge in the tissues and become macrophages?

A)Lymphocytes
B)Monocytes
C)Eosinophils
D)Neutrophils

Question 37

Hemoglobin

A)contains iron.
B)carries O₂.
C)is a respiratory pigment.
D)All apply.

Question 38

The main component of a red blood cell is

A)globulin.
B)fibrinogen.
C)albumin.
D)hemoglobin.

Question 39

Which type of leukocyte has granules that release histamine and heparin?

A)Neutrophil
B)Monocyte
C)Basophil
D)Lymphocyte

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT a function of leukocytes?

A)They fight infection.
B)They destroy dead or dying body cells.
C)They take oxygen to cells.
D)They recognize and kill cancer cells.

Question 41

What substance is released by the damaged blood vessel to aid in the vascular spasm?

A)Heparin
B)Serotonin
C)Histamine
D)Thrombin

Question 42

The average adult has between 3 to 4 million RBCs per mm³ of blood.

Question 43

List the three types of formed elements in blood and give their general functions.

Question 44

The globin portion of hemoglobin is converted to bilirubin and biliverdin which contribute to the color of the feces.

Question 45

The __________ mechanism for activation of clotting comes from the blood.

A)intrinsic
B)extrinsic

Question 46

Platelets generally have a very short life because they have no nucleus.

Question 47

Natural killer (NK)cells are a type of granular lymphocyte.

Question 48

Thrombocytes

A)have a nucleus.
B)are cell fragments.
C)are produced in the thymus.
D)All apply.

Question 49

Oxyhemoglobin gives blood a dark maroon color.

Question 50

Which type of leukocyte will produce antibodies?

A)Basophils
B)T lymphocytes
C)B lymphocytes
D)Monocytes

Question 51

White blood cells have the ability to squeeze through pores in capillary walls into the tissues.

Question 52

What type of cells do platelets come from?

A)Megakaryocytes
B)Reticulocytes
C)NK cells
D)Myeloblasts

Question 53

Mature red blood cells are capable of mitosis.

Question 54

Which of the following is NOT an event of hemostasis?

A)Coagulation
B)Platelet plug formation
C)Clot retraction
D)Vascular spasm

Question 55

The extrinsic mechanism for activation of clotting comes from the

A)blood.
B)damaged tissue.
C)external environment.
D)central nervous system.

Question 56

What is needed for hemostasis?

A)Platelets
B)Proteins
C)Vitamin K
D)All apply.

Question 57

Which of the following is the correct order of events of coagulation?
(1)thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin
(2)fibrin strands form the clot
(3)prothrombin activator is formed
(4)prothrombin converted to thrombin

A)4,1,2,3
B)1,2,3,4
C)3,4,1,2
D)2,1,4,3

Question 58

Higher oxygen concentration and a more basic pH will cause hemoglobin to take up oxygen.

Question 59

Thrombocytes are complete cells.

Question 60

What is the first event of hemostasis after the injury?

A)Vascular spasm
B)Coagulation
C)Cclot retraction
D)Platelet plug formation

Question 61

A person with type O blood has ___________antibodies.

A)anti-A
B)anti-B
C)both anti-A and anti-B
D)no

Question 62

Serum is plasma minus

A)platelets.
B)fibrinogen.
C)prothrombin.
D)Both fibrinogen and prothrombin are correct.

Question 63

Blood type is determined by

A)antigens in the plasmA.
B)antigens on red blood cells.
C)antibodies in the plasma.
D)antibodies on red blood cells.

Question 64

Why is Type AB blood considered the universal recipient?

A)It has both antibodies in the plasmA.
B)It has no antibodies in the plasma.
C)It has no antigens on the red blood cells.

Question 65

A blood condition due to the lack of one or more clotting factors is

A)hemophiliA.
B)thrombus.
C)thrombocytopenia.
D)embolus.

Question 66

What chemical will dissolve fibrin to remove a blood clot?

A)Prothrombin
B)Thrombin
C)Plasmin
D)Serum

Question 67

Mrs.Smith needs a blood transfusion.She has Type O blood.What type(s)could she safely be given?

A)Type AB only
B)Type AB and Type O
C)Type O only
D)Type A,Type B,Type AB,or Type O

Question 68

Mr.Jones has Type A blood and needs a transfusion.What type(s)could he safely be given?

A)Type A only
B)Type A or Type AB
C)Type A or Type O
D)Type O only

Question 69

A clot that forms in an unbroken blood vessel is a(n)

A)embolus.
B)stem cell.
C)plasmin.
D)thrombus.

Question 70

A person with blood type A has which antigen?

A)A
B)B
C)A and B
D)Neither A nor B

Question 71

Compare plasma,tissue fluid,and serum with regard to composition.

Question 72

A circulating clot that then blocks a blood vessel is a(n)

A)embolus.
B)thromboembolism.
C)thrombus.
D)platelet plug.

Question 73

What vitamin is needed for the formation of prothrombin by the liver?

A)Vitamin B-12
B)Vitamin C
C)Vitamin K
D)Vitamin A

Question 74

A low platelet count is called

A)hemophiliA.
B)thrombus.
C)thrombocytopenia.
D)thromboembolism.

Question 75

Platelets in a damaged blood vessel can adhere to each other and exposed collagen fibers.

Question 76

A person with blood type B has which antibodies?

A)Anti-A
B)Anti-B
C)Anti-A and anti-B
D)No antibodies

Question 77

Which blood type is considered the universal donor type?

A)Type A
B)Type B
C)Type AB
D)Type O

Question 78

A person with type AB blood has ________ antigens.

A)A
B)B
C)both A and B
D)no

Question 79

What ion is necessary for coagulation?

A)Na⁺
B)K⁺
C)Mg²⁺
D)Ca²⁺

Question 80

What can help prevent clots from forming in undamaged blood vessels?

A)Heparin from basophils and mast cells
B)Smooth endothelium of blood vessel walls
C)Prothrombin activator
D)Both heparin and a smooth endothelium are correct.