Deck 6: Guiding Young Children

Question 1

The three dimensions to self-esteem are

A)control,competition,and pessimism.
B)competence,worth,and control.
C)worth,depression,and competence.
D)determination,competition,and control.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following is based on the theoretical perspectives of behaviorists such as B.F.Skinner?

A)Behavior maladjustment
B)Emotional modification
C)Emotional maladjustment
D)Behavior modification

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Adults can help young children deal with traumatic events by doing everything except:

A)be a good listener.
B)clearly tell the child why they are upset.
C)provide support to families.
D)seek professional advice when needed.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Discipline refers to

A)all the adult does or says to determine academic readiness.
B)part of the guidance process in which the adult is deals with children who misbehave.
C)all the adult does or says to influence the behavior of the child.
D)part of the guidance process in which the adult is dealing with children's behavior.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of an appropriate verbal guidance strategy?

A)Body language
B)Active listening
C)Yelling
D)Using gestures

Question 6

Which of the following identifies the feelings of the adult and helps the child see how his behavior influences others?

A)Time-out
B)Redirection
C)Active listening
D)"I-messages"

Question 7

Principles of indirect guidance do not include

A)forming appropriate expectations.
B)managing the physical environment to support positive behavior.
C)planning the same length of time for all activities and lessons.
D)carefully observing to gain an understanding of each child.

Question 8

Problem solving and behavior modification differ because

A)problem solving involves both adult and child in cooperative efforts,and behavior modification is initiated and directed by the adult.
B)problem solving is initiated and directed by the adult,and behavior modification is initiated and directed by the child.
C)problem solving involves only children working to address issues of concern,and behavior modification involves only families in working to address issues of concern.
D)problem solving is initiated and directed by the adult,and behavior modification involves both adult and child in cooperative efforts.

Question 9

Examples of appropriate physical guidance techniques include

A)placing oneself in physical proximity and gesturing or body language.
B)taking a child by the hand and pulling him or her away from the group.
C)abruptly and forcefully turning a child at the shoulders.
D)quickly lifting the child by the arms and carrying him or her to a time-out chair.

Question 10

All are aspects of guidance except

A)building children's self-esteem.
B)dealing with children's social and emotional issues.
C)helping children become more dependent on adults.
D)helping children grow toward independence and self-control.

Question 11

Establishing strong working relationships with children,families,and colleagues

A)is an effective guidance technique.
B)creates an environment that fosters healthy growth and learning.
C)requires good communication skills.
D)all of the above

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the problem-solving approach?

A)An individualized effort that allows the child to independently work through the issues of concern
B)A cooperative effort that engages both the child and adult together working through the issues of concern
C)An independent effort that allows the teacher the opportunity to work out children's issues without the input of the child or children involved
D)A cooperative effort that engages early learning professionals brainstorming with one another to work through the children's issues of concern

Question 13

Any event or action that follows a behavior and increases the likelihood that it will occur in the future is a description of

A)negative reinforcement.
B)positive reinforcement.
C)negative listening.
D)positive listening.

Question 14

Three basic techniques that are associated with behavior modification include

A)positive reinforcement,punishment,and ignoring.
B)active listening,punishment,and ignoring.
C)positive reinforcement,redirection,and punishment.
D)active listening,positive reinforcement,and punishment.

Question 15

Which of the following refers to directing or distracting the child from an undesirable behavior into a more appropriate activity?

A)Active listening
B)Redirection
C)"I-messages"
D)Time-out

Question 16

Punishment is defined as any event or action that

A)follows a behavior and decreases the likelihood that the behavior will occur again.
B)comes after behavior and increases the likelihood that the behavior will occur again.
C)follows a behavior and increases the likelihood that the behavior will occur again.
D)comes before a behavior and decreases the likelihood that the behavior will occur again.

Question 17

Early care and learning professionals can help young children develop self-regulation by

A)telling children what not to do.
B)correcting them when they do something wrong.
C)modeling.
D)punishing them when they do something wrong.

Question 18

The following are all principles of guidance that must be considered except

A)each child is unique.
B)every situation is unique.
C)early learning styles and techniques are unique.
D)children are similar and should be disciplined in the same exact way.

Question 19

____ is an example of punishment where a teacher insists that the child engages in activities that correct or "make up for" the problem when a child engages in an inappropriate behavior.

A)Restitution
B)Redirection
C)Reinforcement
D)Restriction

Question 20

Guidance refers to

A)all the adult does or says to influence the behavior of the child.
B)all the adult does or says to determine academic readiness.
C)early learning professionals helping children listen to a story.
D)disciplining and punishing children.

Question 21

When the activity level of young children is high,making them sit still and listen for any length of time might be difficult.

Question 22

It is not possible for early learning professionals to teach preschoolers prosocial behaviors.

Question 23

Goals for positive social interactions include all of the following except:

A)demonstrating helping.
B)taking the egocentric perspective.
C)engaging in sharing.
D)exhibiting concern.

Question 24

Adults can help children deal with teasing and bullying by doing all of the following except:

A)promote competitive games.
B)talk about teasing and bullying.
C)involve families in the process.
D)intervene early and regularly.

Question 25

Early childhood professionals can define the limits of acceptable behavior by

A)ignoring attention-getting behavior.
B)dissuading children from understanding the difference between social behaviors that are acceptable and those which are not.
C)setting and consistently applying program rules.
D)making daily decisions about what is acceptable and not acceptable based on personal judgment.

Question 26

Describe two ways in which you could develop a friendly workplace in the early learning environment.

Question 27

Define the term guidance.

Question 28

The physical space used for group times is of little importance in the success of the experience.

Question 29

A you-message identifies for the child his or her appropriate actions.

Question 30

A logical consequence makes a clear link between the child's inappropriate behavior and the consequences for that behavior.

Question 31

Which of the following strategies is recommended to help young children engage in problem solving?

A)"Mind your own business" more often and see what children can do to resolve problems.
B)Pause before you intervene to encourage more independent behavior.
C)Step back a bit and allow children to at least try to work through issues themselves.
D)All of the above.

Question 32

The physical space used for group times is an important element of guidance.

Question 33

Why is it important to establish limits for acceptable behavior?

Question 34

Guidance techniques differ between early learning environments because every professional is unique.

Question 35

Rules are generally statements that start negatively such as "no running" or "don't run".

Question 36

What is active listening?

Question 37

Physical proximity of the adult makes a difference in children's behaviors.

Question 38

Learning to relate socially to other people is a relatively easy task.

Question 39

Early learning professionals can help children become more prosocial by:

A)emphasizing cooperation rather than competition.
B)teaching cooperative and conflict-resolution games and sports.
C)lead discussions that promote prosocial behaviors.
D)all of the above.

Question 40

Define the term I-message and give an effective example.

Question 41

Why are transitions such an important part of a child's day? Considering both children and adults,what are some possible results of not "thinking through" and planning for transitions?

Question 42

Describe guidance strategies you could use for one routine activity in the early childhood environment.

Question 43

What does it mean to be calm when you work with young children? Is it acceptable to show emotions in some situations? Give some examples.

Question 44

Is physical touch really that important to our earliest learners,birth to age eight? Why do you feel the way you do? Justify your answer.

Question 45

Which of the guidance techniques and/or discipline strategies discussed in your text are you most familiar with? Choose one technique or strategy and give a rationale for using this approach with young children.

Question 46

Explain how guidance techniques may change when guiding groups of children.

Question 47

Your text makes a distinction between guidance and discipline.Do you see the differences as significant or not? Give a rationale for your perspective.