Deck 19: Feeding the World

Question 1

Which of the following is a persistent pesticide?

A) DDT
B) malathion
C) carbaryl
D) Pirimicarb

Answer 1

DDT

Question 2

Which of the following is not characteristic of a loam?

A) It is a friable mixture.
B) Its clay content excludes organic matter.
C) It contains sand.
D) It has a relatively high content of air.

Answer 2

Its clay content excludes organic matter.

Question 3

Which of the following is not a major natural method for the removal of moisture from soil?

A) plant transpiration
B) chemical reactions
C) percolation
D) surface evaporation

Answer 3

chemical reactions

Question 4

Which of the following is one of the mineral nutrients?

A) nitrogen
B) carbon
C) hydrogen
D) oxygen

Question 5

Leaching is most effective in removing which of the following from soil?

A) Group 13 salts
B) transition metals
C) Group 1 and Group 2 salts
D) aluminum and iron

Question 6

A quick-release fertilizer depends on what factor in getting soil nutrients immediately into the soil?

A) catalysis
B) temperature
C) pressure
D) solubility

Question 7

A "sweet" soil is one that

A) is slightly acidic.
B) has a pH = 7.
C) contains sufficient oxygen.
D) is slightly basic.

Question 8

The most widely used herbicide is

A) primicarb.
B) carbaryl.
C) 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid.
D) dioxin.

Question 9

What agrichemical is produced by the Haber process?

A) DDT
B) ammonia
C) urea
D) ammonium nitrate

Question 10

Which is a property of DDT?

A) chlorine free
B) fat-soluble
C) high toxicity to mammals
D) chemically unstable

Question 11

Which of the following is a herbicide used to control weeds before the crop sprouts?

A) Thiram
B) Paraquat
C) Oust
D) Round-up

Question 12

A plant micronutrient is

A) phosphorus.
B) calcium.
C) iron.
D) sulfur.

Question 13

A complete fertilizer is one that contains a mixture of the

A) organic nutrients.
B) primary nutrients.
C) secondary nutrients.
D) all nutrients.

Question 14

Which of the following ions is least likely to be leached from soil by natural water movement?

A) Fe³⁺
B) Ca²⁺
C) Na⁺
D) Mg²⁺

Question 15

Ammonium nitrate, NH₄NO₃,

A) is produced from the reaction of a nitrate with sodium carbonate.
B) is a straight fertilizer.
C) must be washed into the soil with rain or irrigation.
D) is produced by the Haber process.
E) All of these characterize ammonium nitrate.

Question 16

Which layer of soil contains the inorganic materials from parent rocks?

A) substratum
B) topsoil
C) humus
D) subsoil

Question 17

If only very small amounts of a nutrient are required by a plant, it is referred to as a

A) primary nutrient.
B) micronutrient.
C) subnutrient.
D) secondary nutrient.

Question 18

"Liquid nitrogen" fertilizer is a slurry of water and

A) urea and ammonium nitrate.
B) ammonia.
C) urea.
D) nitrogen.

Question 19

A fertilizer is labeled 6-10-12. The "12" represents the percentage of

A) nitrogen.
B) potassium.
C) phosphorus.
D) oxygen.

Question 20

Which soil type has the smallest soil particles?

A) silts
B) sandy soils
C) loams
D) clays

Question 21

A fertilizer is labeled 0-0-12. The "12" represents the percentage of

A) potassium
B) nitrogen
C) phosphorus
D) oxygen
E) none of these

Question 22

A bag of fertilizer is labeled 22-6-8, this indicates that the composition is:

A) 22% N, 6% P, 8% K.
B) 22% N, 6% P₂O₅, 8% K₂O.
C) 22% P, 6% N, 8% K.
D) 22% N₂O₅, 6% P, 8% K₂O.
E) 22% NH₃, 6% P₂O₅, 8% K.

Question 23

Soil is divided into horizons. Which set shows the correct order starting at the surface and working deeper?

A) substratum, subsoil, topsoil
B) rock, clay, sandy loam
C) clay, rock, sandy loam
D) topsoil, subsoil, substratum

Question 24

Identify the fumigant that can destroy ozone from the list below.

A) dithiocarbamate
B) methyl bromide
C) DTT
D) malathion

Question 25

Which genetically modified food crop is one of the most widely planted?

A) tomato
B) strawberry
C) soybean
D) avocado

Question 26

Plants extract nonmineral nutrients from

A) the ground.
B) the air.
C) water.
D) organic matter.

Question 27

A bag of fertilizer is labeled 16-4-8. How many pounds of P are in a 100 lb bag?

A) 16 lb
B) 4.0 lb
C) 1.8 lb
D) 7.0 lb
E) 2.2 lb

Question 28

The principal compound in potash is

A) KCl.
B) K₂CO₃.
C) K₂O.
D) K₂SO₄.

Question 29

Which of the following is not a natural insecticide or a source of a natural insecticide?

A) neem tree
B) pyrethrins
C) Bt corn
D) pheromones

Question 30

DNA segments from the tobacco mosaic virus have been introduced into the genetic code of which type of plant?

A) potato
B) lettuce
C) corn
D) tomato

Question 31

What compound is known as the universal solvent?

A) liquid nitrogen
B) ammonia
C) water
D) chloroform

Question 32

Which horizon contains the living matter and humus dead organisms?

A) loam
B) subsoil
C) topsoil
D) substratum

Question 33

Which pesticide is known as an organophosphate?

A) pirimicarb
B) carbaryl
C) DTT
D) malathion

Question 34

Agent Orange is a(n)

A) defoliant.
B) herbicide.
C) mixture of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T.
D) all of the above

Question 35

A straight fertilizer

A) contains only potassium.
B) contains all three; nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
C) contains only phosphorus.
D) contains only one nutrient.

Question 36

Which of the following resulted in the largest recorded increases in the growth of human population?

A) agricultural revolution
B) technological revolution
C) industrial revolution
D) socialist revolution

Question 37

Which of the following birth rates would result in exponential population growth?

A) about 2.1
B) less than 2.1
C) greater than 2.1
D) either a or b

Question 38

Superphosphate is a fertilizer resulting from the treatment of phosphate rock with

A) phosphoric acid.
B) sulfuric acid.
C) nitric acid.
D) hydrochloric acid.

Question 39

Which is not used as a nitrogen fertilizer?

A) urea
B) ammonium nitrate
C) ammonia
D) nitrous oxide

Question 40

Which plant would be useful in increasing the nitrogen content of the soil?

A) alfalfa
B) corn
C) cotton
D) strawberry

Question 41

Nitrogenase catalyzes the reactions that produce ammonia from atmospheric nitrogen.

Question 42

Use the following terms to complete the given statements.
transgenic
IPM
sustainable agriculture
organic farming
genetic engineering
agrichemical
pesticide resistant
shallow-rooted
__________ has decreased energy costs but increased labor costs.

Question 43

Use the following terms to complete the given statements.
transgenic
IPM
sustainable agriculture
organic farming
genetic engineering
agrichemical
pesticide resistant
shallow-rooted
The Flavr Savr tomato is an early example of ______crop.

Question 44

Reactions involving nitrogenase and the Haber process share which of the following?

A) the same catalyst
B) the same product
C) the same conditions of temperature and pressure
D) the same reactants

Question 45

Nitrogenase is found in the leaves and stems of alfalfa, soybeans, and legumes.

Question 46

Carbon is classified as a mineral nutrient while nitrogen is classified as a nonmineral secondary nutrient.

Question 47

Use the following terms to complete the given statements.
transgenic
IPM
sustainable agriculture
organic farming
genetic engineering
agrichemical
pesticide resistant
shallow-rooted
Crop rotation would be an example of ___________________.

Question 48

Use the following terms to complete the given statements.
transgenic
IPM
sustainable agriculture
organic farming
genetic engineering
agrichemical
pesticide resistant
shallow-rooted
_____________can produce new breeds of plants ten times faster than natural breeding methods.

Question 49

The following substance is a pesticide and based on its structure would be classified as a organophosphate derivative.

Question 50

The following substance is a pesticide and based on its structure would be classified as a persistent pesticide.

Question 51

Use the following terms to complete the given statements.
transgenic
IPM
sustainable agriculture
organic farming
genetic engineering
agrichemical
pesticide resistant
shallow-rooted
______is a broad approach to limiting the use of pesticides.

Question 52

DDT has an LD₅₀ of 100 mg/kg and malathion has an LD₅₀ of 1000 mg/kg. This means that malathion has a higher toxicity.

Question 53

The air in soil tends to have more carbon dioxide and less oxygen that the air we breathe.

Question 54

Chlorosis (evidenced by green plants turning yellow) results from too much iron in the soil.