Question 1

The nurse-theorist Sr. Callista Roy is associated with what grand theory?&#10;A) Patient-Centered Approach to Nursing&#10;B) Theory of Human Becoming&#10;C) Health as Expanding Consciousness&#10;D) Adaptation Model

Accepted Answer

Sr. Callista Roy is associated with the Adaptation Model, which focuses on the individuals' ability to adapt to their environment through physiological, psychological, and social processes. This theory emphasizes the importance of assessment and intervention in promoting patients' adaptation and well-being.

Question 2

The Theory of Chronic Sorrow is an example of what type of theory?&#10;A) grand&#10;B) borrowed&#10;C) middle-range&#10;D) practice

Accepted Answer

The Theory of Chronic Sorrow is a middle-range theory, which means it focuses on a specific phenomenon or concept within a certain scope, rather than trying to explain all aspects of a broad topic. It provides a framework for understanding the ongoing grief and sadness that can arise from living with a chronic condition or experiencing a significant loss.

Question 3

____is the idea that knowledge comes from experience.&#10;A) Rationalism&#10;B) Logic&#10;C) Replication&#10;D) Empiricism

Accepted Answer

Empiricism is the philosophical approach that emphasizes the role of experience in the formation of knowledge, as opposed to rationalism, which emphasizes the role of reason and innate ideas. Empiricists believe that knowledge is derived through sensory experiences and observations of the physical world.

Question 4

What form of reasoning is the process of drawing a specific conclusion from a set of premises?&#10;A) rationalism&#10;B) deductive&#10;C) inductive&#10;D) probabilistic

Accepted Answer

Deductive reasoning is the process of drawing a specific conclusion from a set of premises. It involves moving from general principles or premises to specific conclusions, and is often described as "top-down" reasoning.

Question 5

One of the primary functions of theory is to:&#10;A) summarize existing knowledge.&#10;B) summarize existing hypotheses.&#10;C) suggest new relationships and make new predictions.&#10;D) suggest new theories.

Accepted Answer

One of the primary functions of theory is to suggest new relationships and make new predictions. While summarizing existing knowledge and hypotheses are also important functions of theory, they are not the primary functions. Additionally, while theory can lead to new theories, this is not its primary function.

Question 6

Which scientific method follows these steps: observation/data, patterns, theory?&#10;A) inductive&#10;B) deductive&#10;C) scientific inquiry&#10;D) empirical model

Accepted Answer

The inductive method starts with observation/data, looks for patterns, and then develops a theory.

Question 7

Which scientific method focuses on testing hypotheses developed from theory?&#10;A) inductive&#10;B) deductive&#10;C) scientific inquiry&#10;D) empirical model

Accepted Answer

The deductive scientific method involves testing hypotheses developed from theory. It starts with a general theory or idea, and then develops a specific hypothesis that can be tested through experimentation or observation. If the results support the hypothesis, then the theory is supported; if the results do not support the hypothesis, then the theory may need to be revised or discarded. This method is commonly used in scientific research, particularly in the natural and social sciences.

Question 8

Which of the following is not a central concept in conceptual models of nursing?&#10;A) person&#10;B) social support&#10;C) health&#10;D) environment

Accepted Answer

Social support may be important in nursing practice, but it is not a central concept in the main conceptual models of nursing, such as the nursing process or the Roy Adaptation Model. The central concepts in these models are typically person, health, and environment.

Question 9

Theories that are more specific than middle-range theories and identify specific guidelines for practice are called:&#10;A) grand theories.&#10;B) nursing theories.&#10;C) practice theories.&#10;D) borrowed theories.

Accepted Answer

Practice theories are more specific than middle-range theories and provide guidelines for practice. Grand theories are broad and abstract, while nursing theories focus specifically on nursing practice. Borrowed theories are theories from other disciplines that are applied to nursing practice.

Question 10

Which of the following is characteristic of good theory or explanation?&#10;A) It is parsimonious.&#10;B) It is testable.&#10;C) It is general enough to apply to more than one person, place, or situation.&#10;D) all of the above

Accepted Answer

Good theory or explanation is characterized by being parsimonious, meaning it is concise and not unnecessarily complex. It should also be testable so that it can be scientifically evaluated and potentially refined. Additionally, it should be general enough to apply to more than just one specific person, place, or situation in order to have wider applicability and relevance. Therefore, all of the above options are characteristic of a good theory or explanation.

Deck 5: Applying Appropriate Theories and Conceptual Models