Question 1

Giving young children choices over what they do&#10;A) Provides them with power over their lives&#10;B) Spoils them&#10;C) Puts too much pressure on them&#10;D) Confuses a small child

Accepted Answer

Giving young children choices empowers them and gives them a sense of control over their lives, which is important for their developing sense of independence and self-esteem. It also helps them to learn decision-making skills and encourages them to think critically.

Question 2

What kind of environment supports children in the autonomous stage?&#10;A) A space where they are confined&#10;B) A space with lots of projects to make and take home&#10;C) An environment where they hear the word &#34;no&#34; often&#10;D) A safe space where toddlers are free be physical, explore and manipulate objects

Accepted Answer

Autonomy is all about exploration, experimentation and learning from mistakes. A safe and free environment with ample opportunities to experiment, manipulate objects and explore their surroundings helps children in the autonomous stage. Children also need to have opportunities to take on new challenges and to exert independence, therefore a space where they are not confined is necessary. A space with lots of projects to make and take home may support creativity and imagination but it does not necessarily support autonomy. Hearing the word "no" often can lead to frustration and hinder exploration and experimentation.

Question 3

From the independence perspective, when should toilet training be started?&#10;A) Some time around the first birthday&#10;B) When signs of readiness are present&#10;C) When it is convenient for the caregiver&#10;D) When the child is 2 &#189; years old

Accepted Answer

From an independence perspective, toilet training should be started when signs of readiness are present. This includes the child expressing interest in using the toilet, the ability to communicate their needs, and having the physical ability to control their bladder and bowel movements. Starting too early or based on convenience for the caregiver can lead to frustration and delays in the process. A specific age or time frame is not necessary as every child develops at their own pace.

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of a transition object?&#10;A) Soothing music from the teacher&#10;B) A book from the library&#10;C) A sensory toy from the child care facility&#10;D) A stuffed animal from home

Accepted Answer

A transition object, often used by children, is typically a personal item that provides comfort in unfamiliar or stressful situations. A stuffed animal from home is a classic example of a transition object because it carries the familiarity and comfort of home into new or different environments, such as a daycare or school.

Question 5

It is not developmentally appropriate to force toddlers to share because&#10;A) Toddlers do not need to learn how to be nice yet&#10;B) Toddlers do not have a firm sense of possession&#10;C) Toddlers don't care about material things&#10;D) Toddlers are likely to get mad and bite

Accepted Answer

Toddlers are just starting to develop a sense of possession, but it is not yet firm enough for them to fully understand sharing. Forcing them to share before they are developmentally ready can lead to negative experiences and potentially harm their social-emotional development. It is important to teach sharing gradually as toddlers grow and develop.

Question 6

Separation can be more difficult when&#10;A) The child takes his favorite &#34;blankie&#34; to childcare&#10;B) The child is given no warning or preparation about going to childcare&#10;C) The family introduces the experience in small steps&#10;D) Parents don't sneak out

Accepted Answer

Separation can be more difficult when the child is given no warning or preparation about going to childcare, as it can cause anxiety and distress due to the sudden change in environment and routine.

Question 7

If a caregiver understands the term &#34;toddlers are doers but not producers,&#34; what kinds of activities might she plan for toddlers?&#10;A) Giving toddlers precut shapes to glue on construction paper&#10;B) Giving toddlers paint and a brush and telling them to paint inside a circle&#10;C) Giving toddlers small cars, trays of paint and mural size paper&#10;D) Giving toddlers stickers to make a card for a parent

Accepted Answer

Toddlers are often very active and enjoy exploring their environment through movement and sensory experiences. Providing them with trays of paint and large paper allows them to engage in messy play and use their whole bodies to create. The small cars add an element of exploration and imaginative play to the activity. Option A and D involve fine motor skills that may be challenging for some young toddlers, while option B limits creativity by providing a specific task.

Question 8

How can caregivers help children during good-byes?&#10;A) Distract children&#10;B) Acknowledge and accept feelings&#10;C) Tell children, &#34;you are fine.&#34;&#10;D) Encourage children to stop crying

Accepted Answer

Acknowledging and accepting a child's feelings during good-byes can help them feel heard and validated. This can make it easier for them to process their emotions and move on from the goodbye. Distracting children, telling them they are fine, or pressuring them to stop crying can be dismissive of their feelings and ultimately make saying goodbye more difficult.

Question 9

What is the difference between the terrific two's and the terrible two's?&#10;A) The age of the child, in months&#10;B) Perspective&#10;C) Children who are terrible two's are naughty&#10;D) Children who are terrific two's are good

Accepted Answer

The difference between the "terrific two's" and the "terrible two's" is largely a matter of perspective. "Terrific two's" refers to the age at which children are curious, eager to learn, and full of energy, while "terrible two's" refers to common behavioral challenges that children may exhibit during this age range, such as asserting their independence, tantrums, and mood swings. Both terms are used to describe the same developmental stage in a child's life.

Question 10

Why do toddlers say &#34;no?&#34;&#10;A) Because it gives them power&#10;B) Because they are naughty&#10;C) Because they are picky&#10;D) Because it is an easy word to pronounce

Accepted Answer

Toddlers say "no" because it gives them a sense of power and control in a world where they have very little. This is a normal and healthy way for them to assert their independence and autonomy, even if it can be frustrating for parents and caregivers. It is important to provide boundaries and guidance for toddlers while also respecting their need to express themselves.

Question 11

Why do adults need to consider perspective when working with toddlers?&#10;A) To justify being frustrated with toddler activity&#10;B) To help set reasonable expectations&#10;C) To help toddlers learn to share&#10;D) To help parents teach toddlers to be respectful

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why do adults need to consider perspective...

Question 12

Which of the following is not an indicator that a child has moved into the stage of autonomy?&#10;A) Negativity&#10;B) A developing sense of possession&#10;C) Attachment&#10;D) A push for self-help skills

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is not an...

Question 13

To promote self-help skills, what should adults do?&#10;A) Restrict children to what they can do well&#10;B) Encourage trials and exploration&#10;C) Do everything they can for the child&#10;D) Manage the risks children explore

Accepted Answer

The answer of To promote self-help skills, what should adults...

Question 14

Which of the following adult statements supports a child in Erikson's stage of autonomy?&#10;A) &#34;You don't say no to me.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;You need to share and be nice.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;How would you feel if she bit you back?&#34;&#10;D) &#34;You really don't want to do what I asked you to.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following adult statements supports...

Question 15

Punishing an active child during the autonomous stage may result in the child&#10;A) Developing a healthy respect for adults&#10;B) Developing a sense of shame for exploring&#10;C) Knowing right from wrong&#10;D) Being ready for the next stage of development

Accepted Answer

The answer of Punishing an active child during the autonomous...

Question 16

According to Tobin's research, if children are fighting in a culture that values interdependence, what are the adults likely to do?&#10;A) Make the children apologize to each other&#10;B) Step back and let the group solve the problem&#10;C) Step in and solve the problem for the children&#10;D) Ignore the children

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Tobin's research, if children are...

Question 17

According to Dr. Emmi Pikler, what are the effects of babies who are free of restrictive devices such as infant seats, swings and chairs?&#10;A) Babies crave firmer limits&#10;B) Babies feel insecure with too much freedom&#10;C) Babies do not develop good muscle tone&#10;D) Babies learn to trust their own skills and show a sense of physical security

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Dr. Emmi Pikler, what are...

Question 18

How can adults support the autonomous child's need for power and control?&#10;A) Set limits, appreciate play, provide control&#10;B) Encourage self-help skills, provide structured activities&#10;C) Give children choices, do everything for them&#10;D) Provide a developmentally appropriate environment with toys that entertain

Accepted Answer

The answer of How can adults support the autonomous child's...

Question 19

Nikko is a child who is firmly attached to his family. In terms of exploration, Nikko is likely to&#10;A) Explore only at home&#10;B) Not explore much&#10;C) Explore when he is instructed to&#10;D) Explore and discover often

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nikko is a child who is firmly...

Question 20

When children bite, what should adults do?&#10;A) Take it seriously, but model gentleness&#10;B) Punish severely because it is a serious offense&#10;C) Ignore the incident so the behavior will disappear&#10;D) Bite the child back so they can understand that it hurts others

Accepted Answer

The answer of When children bite, what should adults do?&#10;A)...

Question 21

How does setting limits empower children?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How does setting limits empower children?...

Question 22

Partnering with parents in early care and education programs is&#10;A) Another name for parent education&#10;B) A way to require parents to be involved in helping out&#10;C) About sharing, collaboration and participation&#10;D) A way of having some control over the child's education

Accepted Answer

The answer of Partnering with parents in early care and...

Question 23

Which of the following is not a way to create partnerships with families?&#10;A) Work hard to create and maintain a relationship with each family&#10;B) Recognize that you can also learn from observing&#10;C) Find ways to share power with the families&#10;D) Recognize that independent practice is a strong teacher

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is not a...

Question 24

What are some strategies for creating partnerships with families?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are some strategies for creating partnerships...

Deck 3: Supporting Families With Autonomy-Seeking Youngsters