Deck 6: Articulatory and Phonological Disorders

Question 1

Research and clinical evidence suggests that therapy would be most efficacious if Emily's speech-language pathologist targets

A)The early acquired sounds first
B)The later acquired sounds first
C)The error sounds restricted to the initial word position first
D)The most stimulable error sounds

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The most frequently occurring communication disorders are disorders of articulation and phonology.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Speech intelligibility refers to

A)How easily the client can detect the error sounds
B)How readily the client can produce the correct version of the error sound
C)The ease with which listeners understand the speaker's speech
D)How closely the client's speech resembles age-referenced norm

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Therapy for articulation and phonological disorders are only offered in individual sessions.

Question 5

Learning to read and write places extreme constraints on phonological development.

Question 6

Speech-language pathologists may describe articulation and phonological disorders using terms such as repetitions,hesitations and prolongations.

Question 7

During the speech assessment,Emily sometimes said 'puck' instead of 'duck' and 'fum' instead of 'thumb'.The speech-language pathologist labeled these errors as

A)Substitution errors
B)Omission errors
C)Addition errors
D)Distortion errors

Question 8

Articulation refers to

A)The motor movements involved in the production of speech
B)Categories of meanings represented by speech sounds
C)Rules of constraints and use of speech sound system
D)All of the above

Question 9

Normative data on speech development reflect lists of ages at which consonants are expected to be produced correctly.

Question 10

When naming her colors,Emily said 'gwee','bwo',and 'bwa' instead of 'green','brown' and 'black'. What two error types did she produce?

A)Substitution and addition errors
B)Omission and addition errors
C)Substitution and omission errors
D)Distortion and omission errors

Question 11

Phonological disorders may be characterized by severe limitations in the range of sounds produced.

Question 12

Children with Down's Syndrome often present with disorders of articulation and phonology.

Question 13

Inconsistent speech sound errors suggest that Emily presents with

A)A physical abnormality of the vocal tract
B)Underlying phonological knowledge that is intact but use of knowledge that is impaired
C)Impaired underlying phonological knowledge and use of knowledge that is impaired
D)None of the above

Question 14

Articulation and phonological disorders may be caused by

A)Cleft palate
B)Hearing loss
C)Cerebral palsy
D)All of the above

Question 15

Phonology refers to

A)The motor movements involved in the production of speech
B)Categories of meanings represented by speech sounds
C)Rules of constraints and use of speech sound system
D)All of the above

Question 16

Children with articulation and phonology disorders often present with reading disabilities.

Question 17

Emily's speech is very unintelligible.Her mother understands less than half of what she says,and her preschool teacher rarely understands her speech.Emily is 3 years old,so most of the errors she produces would be considered age appropriate according to normative data.Of the sounds expected of a child Emily's age,only one sound,/p/,is stimulable.Many of Emily's error productions are inconsistently produced.Emily passed the hearing screening,and the results of an examination of her oral mechanism and oral motor skills revealed normal structure and function.Emily's case history did not suggest the presence of an organic etiology resulting in the unintelligible speech.Emily is doing well in preschool but her mother is concerned about her speech.Which factors most likely prompted the decision to enroll Emily in speech therapy?

A)Social and academic performance in preschool
B)Poor speech intelligibility
C)Lack of stimulability
D)Passing score on the hearing screening
E)B and C

Question 18

Research suggests that developmental apraxia of speech DAS)has a genetic basis.

Question 19

Stimulability refers to

A)How easily the client can detect the error sounds
B)How readily the client can produce the correct version of the error sounds
C)The ease with which listeners understand the speaker's speech
D)How closely the client's speech resembles age-referenced norms