Question 1

Which of the following factors stimulates the secretion of insulin?&#10;A) Decreased glucose levels&#10;B) Increased somatostatin levels&#10;C) Decreased amino acid levels&#10;D) Increased vagal stimulation

Accepted Answer

Increased vagal stimulation can stimulate the secretion of insulin. This is because the parasympathetic nervous system (which includes the vagus nerve) can promote insulin release in response to food intake, even before blood glucose levels rise.

Question 2

During a patient assessment,which of the following is a question the nurse can ask that addresses thyroid function?&#10;A) &#34;Do you have to get up at night to urinate?&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Have you experienced any blurring or double vision?&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Do you experience fatigue even if you have slept a long time?&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Can you describe the amount of stress you have at home and work?&#34;

Accepted Answer

Fatigue is a common symptom of thyroid dysfunction, specifically hypothyroidism. Asking about fatigue can help the nurse assess for potential thyroid problems. Options A, B, and D do not directly relate to thyroid function.

Question 3

When evaluating the laboratory findings of a patient with increased secretion of the anterior pituitary hormones,what would the nurse expect to find? A) Increased urinary free cortisol B) Decreased serum thyroxine (T₄)levels C) Low urinary excretion of catecholamines D) Increased serum aldosterone levels

Accepted Answer

Increased secretion of anterior pituitary hormones leads to increased production of cortisol by the adrenal glands, resulting in increased urinary free cortisol.

Question 4

When the nurse is describing the effects of insulin on the body to a patient newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus,which of the following is the best explanation?&#10;A) &#34;Insulin promotes the breakdown of fatty tissue into triglycerides,which can be used for energy.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;When proteins are taken into the body,insulin promotes their breakdown and conversion to fats.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Insulin stimulates the conversion of stored sugars into blood glucose and the conversion of proteins into glucose.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;When carbohydrates,fats,and proteins are eaten,insulin promotes cellular transport and storage of all these nutrients.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Insulin is a hormone that promotes cellular transport and storage of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins after they are eaten. It does not promote the breakdown of fatty tissue or proteins or stimulate the conversion of stored sugars or proteins into glucose.

Question 5

Use of nursing interventions to decrease the patient's physical and emotional stress is most important when the patient is undergoing which of the following tests? A) A water deprivation test B) Testing for serum T₃ and T₄ levels C) A 24-hour urine test for free cortisol D) A radioactive iodine uptake test

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use of nursing interventions to decrease the...

Question 6

When caring for a patient having a water deprivation test,which assessment obtained by the nurse will be of greatest concern?&#10;A) The patient complains of intense thirst.&#10;B) The patient has experienced a 2.5-kg weight loss.&#10;C) The patient feels dizzy when sitting up on the edge of the bed.&#10;D) The patient's urine osmolality does not change after antidiuretic hormone is given.

Accepted Answer

A 2.5-kg weight loss during a water deprivation test indicates significant fluid loss, which can lead to severe dehydration and is a critical concern.

Question 7

To confirm the diagnosis of reactive hypoglycemia in a patient experiencing symptoms of the disorder,the nurse would expect the patient to be scheduled for which of the following tests?&#10;A) Fasting blood glucose test&#10;B) 2-hour glucose tolerance test&#10;C) 5-hour glucose tolerance test&#10;D) 24-hour urine test for glucose and ketones

Accepted Answer

The 5-hour glucose tolerance test is specifically used to diagnose reactive hypoglycemia. It measures the body's ability to handle glucose over a longer period, which is crucial for identifying how the body responds after ingesting glucose, potentially leading to hypoglycemia in cases of reactive hypoglycemia.

Question 8

What is the most common type of feedback system in the regulation of hormones?&#10;A) Negative&#10;B) Positive&#10;C) Complex&#10;D) Chemical

Accepted Answer

The most common type of feedback system in the regulation of hormones is negative feedback. This means that when hormone levels rise above a certain threshold, it signals the body to reduce or stop the production and release of that hormone. Conversely, when hormone levels fall below a certain threshold, it signals the body to increase production and release of that hormone. This helps to maintain hormone levels within a narrow range, minimizing fluctuations that could cause harmful effects.

Question 9

Which action taken by a nursing student when caring for a patient with thyroiditis and a goitre requires that the supervising nurse intervene immediately?&#10;A) The student nurse checks the blood pressure on both arms.&#10;B) The student nurse lowers the thermostat to decrease the temperature in the room.&#10;C) The student nurse palpates the neck to check thyroid size.&#10;D) The student nurse orders nonmedicated eyedrops to lubricate the patient's eyes.

Accepted Answer

Palpating the neck to check thyroid size in a patient with thyroiditis and a goitre can potentially exacerbate symptoms or cause discomfort due to the sensitivity of the area. It's important to approach such examinations with caution and often under the guidance of an experienced healthcare provider.

Question 10

A patient is scheduled for a growth hormone (GH)stimulation test.In preparation for the test,which of the following will the nurse obtain?&#10;A) Vial of 50% dextrose solution&#10;B) Vial of glargine insulin&#10;C) Cardiac monitor&#10;D) Basin of ice

Accepted Answer

A growth hormone stimulation test typically involves administering insulin or other substances to stimulate the production of GH. A vial of 50% dextrose solution may be used as a test agent for this purpose. Options B and D are unrelated to the test, while a cardiac monitor may not be necessary unless the patient has underlying cardiac conditions.

Question 11

During a physical examination,the nurse finds that a patient's thyroid gland cannot be palpated.What does the nurse interpret this finding as? A) A normal finding B) Evidence of an atrophied thyroid gland C) Insignificant in a patient with elevated triiodothyronine (T₃)and T₄ levels D) Abnormal,and confirmation of the finding by another experienced health care provider is necessary

Accepted Answer

The answer of During a physical examination,the nurse finds that...

Question 12

A patient is scheduled for a 24-hour urine collection for 17-ketosteroids.The nurse will plan to do which of the following?&#10;A) Insert a retention catheter.&#10;B) Keep the specimen on ice.&#10;C) Have the patient void and save that specimen to start the collection.&#10;D) Encourage the patient to drink 2 to 3 L of fluid during the 24 hours.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient is scheduled for a 24-hour...

Question 13

A patient has a total serum calcium level of 3.3 mmol/L (13.3 mg/dL;6.7 mEq/L).The nurse understands that this level of calcium normally does which of the following?&#10;A) Indicates hypothyroidism&#10;B) Stimulates the secretion of calcitonin&#10;C) Occurs when the parathyroid gland is surgically removed&#10;D) Can be caused by oversecretion of calcitonin from the thyroid gland

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient has a total serum calcium...

Question 14

When obtaining the health history,which of the following statements by a patient indicates that the nurse should assess further for a possible problem with the thyroid gland?&#10;A) &#34;I have noticed difficulty in swallowing.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I get up several times at night to urinate.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I have noticed my breasts are tender lately.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;I drink about 6 L of water a day.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of When obtaining the health history,which of the...

Question 15

Which hormone is an example of positive feedback in the regulation of hormonal secretion?&#10;A) Insulin&#10;B) Oxytocin&#10;C) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)&#10;D) Thyroid-releasing hormone

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which hormone is an example of positive...

Question 16

Which of the following is an age-related change affecting the endocrine system?&#10;A) Increase in TSH secretion&#10;B) Decreased parathyroid secretion&#10;C) Increased glucose intolerance&#10;D) Decreased secretion of norepinephrine

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an age-related...

Question 17

Which of the following is a common characteristic of most hormones?&#10;A) Secretion at unpredictable rates&#10;B) Circulation through the blood&#10;C) Binding to receptors only on the cell membrane&#10;D) Binding only to receptors within the cell

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a common...

Question 18

When working with a patient who has diabetes mellitus,the nurse uses the results of testing for glycosylated hemoglobin to evaluate which of the following?&#10;A) Glucose levels 2 hours after a meal&#10;B) Glucose control over the past 3 months&#10;C) Circulating,nonfasting glucose levels&#10;D) Episodes of hypoglycemia in the past 2 months

Accepted Answer

The answer of When working with a patient who has...

Question 19

The physician has ordered a serum cortisol level to rule out adrenal dysfunction in a patient who is a night security guard who works from 2300 hours to 0700 hours and normally sleeps from 0800 hours to 1600 hours.To ensure the most reliable test results,when does the nurse arrange the blood specimen to be drawn?

A) At 0300 hours
B) At 2300 hours
C) In the early morning
D) In the late afternoon

Accepted Answer

The answer of The physician has ordered a serum cortisol...

Deck 50: Nursing Assessment: Endocrine System