Deck 11: Endocrine System Diseases and Disorders

Question 1

A life-threatening complication of severe hypothyroidism is:

A) Thyroid storm.
B) Exophthalmos.
C) Goitrogens.
D) Myxedema coma.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Hypothyroidism appearing as a congenital condition is called:

A) Hypercalcemia.
B) Myxedema.
C) Cushing syndrome.
D) Cretinism.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Paresthesia is described as:

A) General weakness and fatigue.
B) A life-shortening disease of the bones and soft tissues.
C) A sensation of numbness, prickling, or tingling.
D) The inability to speak clearly.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Graves disease:

A) Is undersecretion of the thyroid hormone.
B) Is the most common form of hyperthyroidism.
C) Occurs more frequently in men than women.
D) None of the above

Question 5

Treatment of hypoparathyroidism:

A) Usually consists of lifelong vitamin D and calcium supplementation.
B) Often results in a total cure.
C) May include surgery to remove tumors of the parathyroid.
D) Includes lifelong cortisol replacement.

Question 6

The etiologic factors of simple goiter include:

A) Dietary iodine deficiency.
B) Ingestion of goitrogens.
C) Inadequate secretion of thyroid hormones T₃ and T₄.
D) All of the above

Question 7

The treatment for diabetes mellitus includes a combination of:

A) Hyperglycemic oral agents and analgesics.
B) Diet, exercise, and insulin.
C) Anti-inflammatories and analgesics.
D) Both A and C

Question 8

Risk factors for diabetes mellitus include:

A) Genetic or autoimmune disorder.
B) Obesity and sedentary lifestyle.
C) Delivering one or more underweight babies.
D) Both A and B

Question 9

An endocrine disease caused by insufficient secretion of vasopressin and resulting in excessive thirst and polyuria is known as:

A) Diabetes insipidus.
B) Gigantism.
C) Diabetes mellitus.
D) Hashimoto thyroiditis.

Question 10

Two diseases resulting from hyperfunction of the pituitary gland are:

A) Simple goiter and Hashimoto thyroiditis.
B) Graves disease and Cushing syndrome.
C) Cretinism and myxedema.
D) Gigantism and acromegaly.

Question 11

Hypofunction of all the anterior pituitary hormones is called:

A) Diabetes insipidus.
B) Gigantism.
C) Cushing syndrome.
D) Panhypopituitarism.

Question 12

Symptoms of Cushing syndrome include:

A) Fat and heavy arms and legs.
B) Moon-shaped face with acne.
C) Grossly exaggerated head.
D) All of the above

Question 13

The most common acute complications of diabetes mellitus are:

A) Diabetic coma and insulin shock.
B) Arteriosclerotic disease and possible CVA.
C) Difficulty swallowing and neurogenic bladder.
D) All of the above

Question 14

The classic manifestations of Graves disease are:

A) Goiter, symptoms of thyrotoxicosis, ophthalmopathy, dermopathy, and nervousness.
B) Symptoms of thyrotoxicosis and ophthalmopathy only.
C) Dermopathy and nervousness only.
D) None of the above

Question 15

Excessive thirst is known as:

A) Glycosuria.
B) Ketoacidosis.
C) Polydipsia.
D) Polyphagia.

Question 16

Insufficient secretion of vasopressin causes:

A) Diabetes insipidus.
B) Diabetes mellitus.
C) Hyperthyroidism.
D) Hypothyroidism.

Question 17

Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of:

A) Peptic ulcers.
B) Impotence in men.
C) Blindness.
D) Hypocalcemia.

Question 18

Cushing syndrome is:

A) Hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex.
B) Hyposecretion of the parathyroid.
C) Hyposecretion of the thyroid.
D) Hypersecretion of the pituitary.

Question 19

Signs and symptoms of hyperparathyroidism include:

A) Weak, brittle bones and joint pain.
B) Presence of kidney stones.
C) Polyuria, muscle weakness, and chronic fatigue.
D) All of the above

Question 20

Tetany is:

A) A barely perceptible pulse.
B) Painful muscle contractions of the extremities.
C) Abnormal narrowing of an opening or passageway.
D) None of the above

Question 21

PCOS is a leading cause of infertility.

Question 22

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism.

Question 23

The endocrine system is made up of the pituitary gland, the thyroid gland, and the pancreas.

Question 24

Addison disease is when the adrenal glands produce insufficient amounts of cortisol and androgen.

Question 25

Hashimoto thyroiditis is also known as immune thyroiditis.

Question 26

The pancreas produces prolactin.

Question 27

A goiter is hyperplasia of the thyroid gland.

Question 28

Addisonian crisis requires immediate IV hydrocortisone, saline, and dextrose.

Question 29

There are six parathyroid glands that surround the thyroid in the neck.

Question 30

Type 2 diabetes requires regular injections of insulin.

Question 31

The anterior pituitary gland produces growth hormone that influences growth and cell production.

Question 32

Hormones work slowly to regulate the body's physiological functions.

Question 33

In Cushing syndrome, a 12-hour urine test will typically exhibit elevated free-cortisol levels.

Question 34

Irregular or lack of ovulation causes irregular menses or amenorrhea.

Question 35

The islets of Langerhans is responsible for the hormone that releases glucose to the brain.

Question 36

Fasting blood glucose is a test taken randomly over 6 hours.

Question 37

There are four main types of thyroid cancer.

Question 38

The American Diabetes Association reports that about 4% of pregnant women develop GDM.

Question 39

The pituitary gland, located at the front of the brain, is often called the master gland.

Question 40

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome usually experience menorrhagia.

Question 41

Match the terms with their definitions.
a.Eating abnormally large amounts of food
b.Unusually high levels of ketones in the blood
c.Abnormally high levels of glucose concentration in the blood
d.Helps to regulate the amount of fluid the kidneys release as urine
e.Caused by medical treatment
f.Substances that suppress thyroid function
g.Incision through the nose to remove tumor
h.Protruding eyeballs
i.Anterior portion of the pituitary gland
j.High blood levels of potassium
k.Glucose in the urine
l.Excessive thirst
m.Excessive hair growth in women where it normally does not grow
n.Slow-growing glandular tumors
o.Disease of the retina of the eye
Polydipsia

Question 42

Match the terms with their definitions.
a.Eating abnormally large amounts of food
b.Unusually high levels of ketones in the blood
c.Abnormally high levels of glucose concentration in the blood
d.Helps to regulate the amount of fluid the kidneys release as urine
e.Caused by medical treatment
f.Substances that suppress thyroid function
g.Incision through the nose to remove tumor
h.Protruding eyeballs
i.Anterior portion of the pituitary gland
j.High blood levels of potassium
k.Glucose in the urine
l.Excessive thirst
m.Excessive hair growth in women where it normally does not grow
n.Slow-growing glandular tumors
o.Disease of the retina of the eye
Adenohypophysis

Question 43

Match the terms with their definitions.
a.Eating abnormally large amounts of food
b.Unusually high levels of ketones in the blood
c.Abnormally high levels of glucose concentration in the blood
d.Helps to regulate the amount of fluid the kidneys release as urine
e.Caused by medical treatment
f.Substances that suppress thyroid function
g.Incision through the nose to remove tumor
h.Protruding eyeballs
i.Anterior portion of the pituitary gland
j.High blood levels of potassium
k.Glucose in the urine
l.Excessive thirst
m.Excessive hair growth in women where it normally does not grow
n.Slow-growing glandular tumors
o.Disease of the retina of the eye
Polyphagia

Question 44

Match the terms with their definitions.
a.Eating abnormally large amounts of food
b.Unusually high levels of ketones in the blood
c.Abnormally high levels of glucose concentration in the blood
d.Helps to regulate the amount of fluid the kidneys release as urine
e.Caused by medical treatment
f.Substances that suppress thyroid function
g.Incision through the nose to remove tumor
h.Protruding eyeballs
i.Anterior portion of the pituitary gland
j.High blood levels of potassium
k.Glucose in the urine
l.Excessive thirst
m.Excessive hair growth in women where it normally does not grow
n.Slow-growing glandular tumors
o.Disease of the retina of the eye
Iatrogenic

Question 45

Match the terms with their definitions.
a.Eating abnormally large amounts of food
b.Unusually high levels of ketones in the blood
c.Abnormally high levels of glucose concentration in the blood
d.Helps to regulate the amount of fluid the kidneys release as urine
e.Caused by medical treatment
f.Substances that suppress thyroid function
g.Incision through the nose to remove tumor
h.Protruding eyeballs
i.Anterior portion of the pituitary gland
j.High blood levels of potassium
k.Glucose in the urine
l.Excessive thirst
m.Excessive hair growth in women where it normally does not grow
n.Slow-growing glandular tumors
o.Disease of the retina of the eye
Goitrogens

Question 46

Match the terms with their definitions.
a.Eating abnormally large amounts of food
b.Unusually high levels of ketones in the blood
c.Abnormally high levels of glucose concentration in the blood
d.Helps to regulate the amount of fluid the kidneys release as urine
e.Caused by medical treatment
f.Substances that suppress thyroid function
g.Incision through the nose to remove tumor
h.Protruding eyeballs
i.Anterior portion of the pituitary gland
j.High blood levels of potassium
k.Glucose in the urine
l.Excessive thirst
m.Excessive hair growth in women where it normally does not grow
n.Slow-growing glandular tumors
o.Disease of the retina of the eye
Vasopressin

Question 47

Match the terms with their definitions.
a.Eating abnormally large amounts of food
b.Unusually high levels of ketones in the blood
c.Abnormally high levels of glucose concentration in the blood
d.Helps to regulate the amount of fluid the kidneys release as urine
e.Caused by medical treatment
f.Substances that suppress thyroid function
g.Incision through the nose to remove tumor
h.Protruding eyeballs
i.Anterior portion of the pituitary gland
j.High blood levels of potassium
k.Glucose in the urine
l.Excessive thirst
m.Excessive hair growth in women where it normally does not grow
n.Slow-growing glandular tumors
o.Disease of the retina of the eye
Hirsutism

Question 48

Match the terms with their definitions.
a.Eating abnormally large amounts of food
b.Unusually high levels of ketones in the blood
c.Abnormally high levels of glucose concentration in the blood
d.Helps to regulate the amount of fluid the kidneys release as urine
e.Caused by medical treatment
f.Substances that suppress thyroid function
g.Incision through the nose to remove tumor
h.Protruding eyeballs
i.Anterior portion of the pituitary gland
j.High blood levels of potassium
k.Glucose in the urine
l.Excessive thirst
m.Excessive hair growth in women where it normally does not grow
n.Slow-growing glandular tumors
o.Disease of the retina of the eye
Retinopathy

Question 49

Match the terms with their definitions.
a.Eating abnormally large amounts of food
b.Unusually high levels of ketones in the blood
c.Abnormally high levels of glucose concentration in the blood
d.Helps to regulate the amount of fluid the kidneys release as urine
e.Caused by medical treatment
f.Substances that suppress thyroid function
g.Incision through the nose to remove tumor
h.Protruding eyeballs
i.Anterior portion of the pituitary gland
j.High blood levels of potassium
k.Glucose in the urine
l.Excessive thirst
m.Excessive hair growth in women where it normally does not grow
n.Slow-growing glandular tumors
o.Disease of the retina of the eye
Ketoacidosis

Question 50

Match the terms with their definitions.
a.Eating abnormally large amounts of food
b.Unusually high levels of ketones in the blood
c.Abnormally high levels of glucose concentration in the blood
d.Helps to regulate the amount of fluid the kidneys release as urine
e.Caused by medical treatment
f.Substances that suppress thyroid function
g.Incision through the nose to remove tumor
h.Protruding eyeballs
i.Anterior portion of the pituitary gland
j.High blood levels of potassium
k.Glucose in the urine
l.Excessive thirst
m.Excessive hair growth in women where it normally does not grow
n.Slow-growing glandular tumors
o.Disease of the retina of the eye
Hyperglycemia

Question 51

Match the terms with their definitions.
a.Eating abnormally large amounts of food
b.Unusually high levels of ketones in the blood
c.Abnormally high levels of glucose concentration in the blood
d.Helps to regulate the amount of fluid the kidneys release as urine
e.Caused by medical treatment
f.Substances that suppress thyroid function
g.Incision through the nose to remove tumor
h.Protruding eyeballs
i.Anterior portion of the pituitary gland
j.High blood levels of potassium
k.Glucose in the urine
l.Excessive thirst
m.Excessive hair growth in women where it normally does not grow
n.Slow-growing glandular tumors
o.Disease of the retina of the eye
Hyperkalemia

Question 52

Match the terms with their definitions.
a.Eating abnormally large amounts of food
b.Unusually high levels of ketones in the blood
c.Abnormally high levels of glucose concentration in the blood
d.Helps to regulate the amount of fluid the kidneys release as urine
e.Caused by medical treatment
f.Substances that suppress thyroid function
g.Incision through the nose to remove tumor
h.Protruding eyeballs
i.Anterior portion of the pituitary gland
j.High blood levels of potassium
k.Glucose in the urine
l.Excessive thirst
m.Excessive hair growth in women where it normally does not grow
n.Slow-growing glandular tumors
o.Disease of the retina of the eye
Exophthalmos

Question 53

Match the terms with their definitions.
a.Eating abnormally large amounts of food
b.Unusually high levels of ketones in the blood
c.Abnormally high levels of glucose concentration in the blood
d.Helps to regulate the amount of fluid the kidneys release as urine
e.Caused by medical treatment
f.Substances that suppress thyroid function
g.Incision through the nose to remove tumor
h.Protruding eyeballs
i.Anterior portion of the pituitary gland
j.High blood levels of potassium
k.Glucose in the urine
l.Excessive thirst
m.Excessive hair growth in women where it normally does not grow
n.Slow-growing glandular tumors
o.Disease of the retina of the eye
Glycosuria

Question 54

Match the terms with their definitions.
a.Eating abnormally large amounts of food
b.Unusually high levels of ketones in the blood
c.Abnormally high levels of glucose concentration in the blood
d.Helps to regulate the amount of fluid the kidneys release as urine
e.Caused by medical treatment
f.Substances that suppress thyroid function
g.Incision through the nose to remove tumor
h.Protruding eyeballs
i.Anterior portion of the pituitary gland
j.High blood levels of potassium
k.Glucose in the urine
l.Excessive thirst
m.Excessive hair growth in women where it normally does not grow
n.Slow-growing glandular tumors
o.Disease of the retina of the eye
Transsphenoidal

Question 55

Match the terms with their definitions.
a.Eating abnormally large amounts of food
b.Unusually high levels of ketones in the blood
c.Abnormally high levels of glucose concentration in the blood
d.Helps to regulate the amount of fluid the kidneys release as urine
e.Caused by medical treatment
f.Substances that suppress thyroid function
g.Incision through the nose to remove tumor
h.Protruding eyeballs
i.Anterior portion of the pituitary gland
j.High blood levels of potassium
k.Glucose in the urine
l.Excessive thirst
m.Excessive hair growth in women where it normally does not grow
n.Slow-growing glandular tumors
o.Disease of the retina of the eye
Adenoma