Deck 28: Radiographic Techniques for Patients With Special Needs

Question 1

Which of the following statements regarding film duplication is FALSE?

A) The film duplicator machine uses an ultraviolet light source.
B) It is possible to duplicate a single film or a full mouth series at a single printing.
C) Duplication must be performed in the darkroom under safelight conditions.
D) Standard radiographic film is used in the duplication process.

Answer 1

Standard radiographic film is used in the duplication process.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a reason to expose radiographs on an edentulous patient?

A) To establish the position of anatomical structures prior to implants
B) To assess the density of tori
C) To determine the quality and condition of alveolar bone
D) To detect retained root tips or impactions

Answer 2

To assess the density of tori

Question 3

Looking at a full mouth series of radiographs you note that an impacted retained primary root tip can be observed between the right mandibular second premolar and the first molar in the premolar periapical radiograph. You note that the root tip appears to have "moved" mesially in the molar periapical radiograph. Which of the following is true regarding the impacted retained primary root tip?

A) It is located on the buccal.
B) It is located on the lingual.
C) An additional radiograph would be required to determine the buccal or lingual location of the impacted retained primary root tip.

Answer 3

It is located on the buccal.

Question 4

Positioning the image receptor slightly diagonally, with the front edge a greater distance from the lingual surfaces of molars than the back edge, will aid in:

A) using the bisecting technique.
B) avoiding overlap of the contacts between adjacent teeth.
C) aligning the image receptor perpendicular to the embrasures.
D) eliminating patient discomfort.

Question 5

Which of the following statements regarding localization methods is FALSE?

A) In the definitive evaluation method, objects on the buccal surface of the tooth will appear more clear and distinct on the image than objects on the lingual.
B) To apply the tube-shift method, two radiographs are needed.
C) The occlusal radiograph can identify whether an impacted tooth is located on the buccal or lingual.
D) The definitive method of localization is the least reliable.

Question 6

Which of these is NOT a method of localization?

A) The tube-shift method
B) The working radiograph method
C) The definitive evaluation method
D) The right-angle method

Question 7

To clearly image the proximal surfaces of malaligned or crowded teeth, which of the following may be necessary?

A) A smaller image receptor positioned lower in the oral cavity
B) A smaller image receptor positioned higher in the oral cavity
C) Additional radiographs varying the horizontal angulation
D) Additional radiographs varying the vertical angulation

Question 8

Which of the following is correct when encountering a shallow palatal vault?

A) Absolute parallelism between the image receptor and long axes of the teeth is easier to achieve.
B) The cusp tips are most likely to be cut off of the image.
C) The vertical angulation can be increased up to 15 degrees and still produce a reasonably acceptable image.
D) The horizontal angulation will be more difficult to visualize.

Question 9

Each of the following requires a decrease in exposure settings EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) Children
B) Older adults
C) Edentulous regions
D) The mandibular incisor region

Question 10

Each of the following statements regarding the use of radiographs during endodontic therapy is true EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) Special endodontic image receptor holders are available.
B) The bisecting technique is the technique of choice.
C) The presence of endodontic instrumentation makes it impossible for a patient to bite down on the bite block of conventional image receptor holders.
D) The avoidance of magnification and distortion is essential.

Question 11

Due to anatomy a premolar bitewing radiograph will almost always exhibit overlap between the:

A) distal of the lateral incisor and the mesial of the canine.
B) distal of the canine and the mesial of the first premolar.
C) distal of the first premolar and mesial of the second premolar.
D) distal of the second premolar and mesial of the first molar.

Question 12

Which localization technique requires the exposure of an occlusal radiograph?

A) The definitive evaluation method
B) The right-angle method
C) The tube-shift method

Question 13

Which of the following results in a fuzzy duplicate radiographic image?

A) Setting the exposure timer too short
B) Setting the exposure timer too long
C) Leaving the viewbox light on when opening the box of duplicating film
D) Leaving the original radiographs in the film mount when duplicating

Question 14

Anatomical limitations may require that the radiographer knowledgably alter which of the following to obtain a diagnostic image?

A) Horizontal angulation
B) Vertical angulation
C) Positioning of the image receptor
D) All of the above

Question 15

Disto-oblique periapical radiographs are indicated for each of the following EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) Suspected pathology located in the tuberosity area
B) Imaging impacted third molars
C) A patient who cannot tolerate posterior placement of the image receptor
D) Detection of interproximal caries

Question 16

For a maxillary molar disto-oblique periapical radiograph, the vertical angulation is that used for the standard paralleling technique.

A) increased by 5 degrees over
B) increased by 10 degrees over
C) decreased by 5 degrees from
D) decreased by 10 degrees from

Question 17

Which localization technique requires the exposure of only one radiograph?

A) The definitive evaluation method
B) The right-angle method
C) The tube-shift method

Question 18

Which of these statements regarding acceptable alterations of radiographic technique is FALSE?

A) Position the image receptor with the posterior edge a greater distance from the lingual surfaces of the teeth.
B) Position the image receptor perpendicular to the embrasures of the teeth of interest.
C) Expose two radiographs utilizing two different horizontal angles in the same region.
D) Redirect the horizontal angle to intersect the image receptor from the distal to avoid canine-premolar overlap.

Question 19

For a mandibular molar disto-oblique radiograph, the horizontal angulation is shifted so that the x-ray beam intersects the image receptor obliquely:

A) 5 degrees from the mesial.
B) 10 degrees from the mesial.
C) 5 degrees from the distal.
D) 10 degrees from the distal.

Question 20

Which of the following statements regarding tori is correct?

A) A torus palatinus is located along the lingual surface of the mandible.
B) Tori are common bony protuberances in the oral cavity.
C) The oral mucosa overlying tori is thick and calloused.
D) The correct image receptor position should be on top of the torus.

Question 21

The right-angle method of localization is based on the shadow-casting principle.

Question 22

A torus mandibularis is a benign outgrowth of bone along the midline of the hard palate.

Question 23

Localization methods provide a way for the radiographer to read a third dimension into two-dimensional radiographs.

Question 24

Duplicating film, like radiographic film, has double-sided emulsion.

Question 25

To avoid overlap of contact areas on a molar bitewing radiograph, the image receptor should be positioned perpendicularly to the midpoint of the maxillary first molar.

Question 26

Bony outgrowths on the palate and lingual surfaces of the mandible are called "nodules."

Question 27

If the vertical angulation is not increased when exposing periapical radiographs of a patient with a low palatal vault, the cusps of the crowns may be cut off of the image.

Question 28

Disto-oblique periapical radiographs are valuable in detecting impacted third molars.

Question 29

Radiographs are a two-dimensional representation of three-dimensional objects.

Question 30

A series of radiographs on the same tooth is needed to evaluate various stages of endodontic treatment.

Question 31

Periapical radiographs of an edentulous ridge should be exposed with the bisecting technique.

Question 32

In patients with a low palatal vault, the vertical angulation can be increased up to 15 degrees to compensate for the lack of parallelism without noticeable distortion.

Question 33

The exposure settings for the maxillary molar region should be higher than those used in the mandibular anterior region.

Question 34

It is often difficult to use standard image receptor holders for radiographs during endodontic procedures.

Question 35

The definitive method of localization relies on the SLOB rule.

Question 36

The external aiming device on an image receptor holder is the dictator of where the x-ray beam must be aimed.

Question 37

The mucosa over tori is thick and calloused, so an image receptor can usually be comfortably placed on top of tori.

Question 38

Precise positioning of the image receptor and accurate angulation will eliminate overlap between the canine and first premolar on a canine periapical radiograph.

Question 39

In the totally edentulous patient, a fair amount of leeway in horizontal angulation is permissible.

Question 40

Because the edentulous ridge is less dense, the amount of radiation needed to produce a diagnostic image is less.

Question 41

A correctly placed and angled canine periapical radiograph will often demonstrate overlapping where?

Question 42

When tori are present, where should the image receptor be placed?

Question 43

What is a duplicate radiograph?

Question 44

Can radiographs be exposed during endodontic therapy?

Question 45

Should exposure settings for edentulous areas be the same as for areas with teeth present?

Question 46

Can dental radiographs be taken in edentulous areas?

Question 47

What is the principle behind the tubeshift method of localization?

Question 48

What are three methods of localization?

Question 49

What is the name of bony protuberances that may arise on the palate and lingual surfaces of the mandible of some patients?

Question 50

What is the extent to which vertical angulation of the PID can be increased in patients with shallow palatal vaults before image distortion is unacceptable?