Deck 5: Social Interaction

Question 1

According to the textbook, which of the following people is most likely to be the one who laughs more in a conversation?

A) Alice, a 20-year-old woman, in conversation with Robert, a 30-year-old man
B) Robert, a 30-year-old man, in conversation with Alice, a 20-year-old woman
C) a child, in conversation with an adult
D) an adult, in conversation with a child

Answer 1

A

Question 2

In her Twitter bio, Safat identifies as a wife, mother, and real estate salesperson. What is she outlining for her potential followers?

A) her individuality and autonomy
B) her role set
C) her status set
D) her master status

Answer 2

C

Question 3

According to the textbook, what connects statuses within an organization?

A) roles
B) norms
C) social space
D) social values

Answer 3

B

Question 4

According to the textbook, which of the following "building blocks" provide the structure for social interactions?

A) statuses, emotions, and values
B) norms, number of people, and morals
C) roles, laws, and locations
D) statuses, roles, and norms

Question 5

Sitting beside Benjamin at the cinema on their third date, Shoshanna feels the overwhelming urge to kiss him but instead waits for him to make the first move. Which of the following is she doing?

A) role-playing
B) role-making
C) role-denying
D) role-developing

Question 6

Sarita works as a clerk in a dental office. Her employer expects her to persuade patients to accept inconvenient appointment times, while giving them an impression that they are her first priority. What is Sarita likely to experience?

A) role strain
B) role distancing
C) role conflict
D) role performance

Question 7

Todd's son is ill and home from school, and Todd plans to use the time at home with him to study for his sociology midterm. However, just as he opens his books, his boss calls and demands that he come in to work. What is Todd likely to experience in this situation?

A) role strain
B) role pressure
C) role conflict
D) role detachment

Question 8

Since Cheryl moved from Canada to Scotland for doctoral work, she and her best friend Janet chat online once per week, to keep up with each other's news. What are Cheryl and Janet engaging in?

A) norms
B) emotion labour
C) emotion management
D) social interaction

Question 9

Role strain is to status as role conflict is to which of the following?

A) role set
B) role organization
C) status set
D) status organization

Question 10

Which of the following would form a map of social space, as discussed in the textbook?

A) norms, laws, and beliefs
B) resources, roles, and locations
C) roles, statuses, and norms
D) resources, statuses, and norms

Question 11

What do characters in Suits have in common with ordinary people?

A) great independence of individual attitudes
B) unhealthy dependence on each other
C) stable and predictable social interaction
D) frequency of unpunished transgressions against the law

Question 12

Sabrina is a blues musician, a lawyer, a mother, and a Buddhist. What is each of these things known as?

A) a role
B) a status
C) a context
D) a norm

Question 13

Sitting beside Benjamin at the cinema on their first date, Shoshanna feels the overwhelming urge to kiss him. She does so, although she knows that such behaviour is not expected from a young woman. Which of the following is she doing?

A) role-playing
B) role-making
C) role-denying
D) role-developing

Question 14

How do organizations influence individual actions?

A) by enabling them
B) by patterning them
C) by making them impossible
D) by ensuring their freedom

Question 15

A person is a unique individual whose uniqueness is captured in his or her "personality." Which of the following theories of social interaction is most likely to assign "personality" importance?

A) conflict theory
B) feminist theory
C) structural-functional theory
D) symbolic-interactionist theory

Question 16

Why is the "class clown" most likely to be a boy?

A) Males are socialized to act as buffoons for others' amusement.
B) Males are more difficult for teachers to control effectively.
C) Males have higher status and therefore get more laughs.
D) Males are funnier than females.

Question 17

Khalil holds the door open for another university student, who is following closely behind him and carrying a large stack of books. What is Khalil engaged in?

A) playing a role
B) following a norm
C) recognizing a status
D) managing his emotions

Question 18

Sabrina is a blues musician, a lawyer, a mother, and a Buddhist. What are these things, taken together, known as?

A) a role collection
B) a stratification system
C) a mesostructure
D) a status set

Question 19

What caused participants in the We Live in Public experiment to behave outrageously?

A) their inability to retreat from a role
B) their acting inability
C) their personal tendency for exhibitionism
D) their distaste for anonymity

Question 20

Which of the following factors that structure our patterns of interaction do feminist sociologists focus on?

A) emotional maturity
B) roles
C) gender
D) occupation

Question 21

According to the textbook, how do low life expectancy and high infant mortality impact people's emotions?

A) People invest more emotionally in their babies because they are more likely to live.
B) People invest less emotionally in their babies because they are more likely to live.
C) People invest more emotionally in their babies because they are more likely to die.
D) People invest less emotionally in their babies because they are more likely to die.

Question 22

Sociological theory of emotions was initially developed by generalizing from the behaviour of which demographic category?

A) children
B) the elderly
C) women
D) men

Question 23

Carol works as a general floor manager in a high-end restaurant, ensuring that all customers are happy with the service and content by the end of their meals. What is she engaged in?

A) emotion management
B) emotion distancing
C) emotion labour
D) emotion displacement

Question 24

Which of the following is a likely scenario regarding emotion labour in the future?

A) The demand for it will decrease because emotions get in the way of profit making.
B) The demand for it will increase because emotions are necessary for profit making.
C) The demand for it will decrease because the labour market has shifted from goods production to service.
D) The demand for it will increase because the labour market has shifted from goods production to service.

Question 25

Why is Jacob likely to be awarded more marks than Melanie for participation in class discussions?

A) Males are more likely to have done the reading.
B) Males are more likely to have something interesting to say.
C) Males are more likely to speak up and dominate classroom discussions.
D) Males are more likely to be able to put concepts together in a meaningful way.

Question 26

Which of the following is a culturally appropriate response to the breakup of a long-term love relationship in Canada today?

A) feelings of sadness
B) quickly moving on to another relationship
C) feelings of fear
D) a complete lack of feelings

Question 27

Which of the following statements reflects a feminist sociologist's perspective on emotions?

A) They are uncontrollable.
B) They are irrational.
C) Their importance is overrated.
D) They follow cultural scripts.

Question 28

According to the textbook, what do "status subordinates" typically do with their emotions?

A) become immersed in them
B) highlight them
C) ignore them
D) control them

Question 29

How does emotion management work?

A) People create a less volatile character in their minds and then play the role of that character.
B) People obey conventional "feeling rules" about what is appropriate in a given situation.
C) People bring their back-stage behaviour to the front stage.
D) People rationally select a non-emotional response.

Question 30

Which of the following best describes the consequences of the consistent requirement for emotion labour for employees?

A) structural strain
B) role conflict
C) commodification
D) alienation

Question 31

According to the textbook, when are grief responses to a child's death most likely to be intense and long lasting?

A) when life expectancy is high and infant mortality is low
B) when life expectancy is low and infant mortality is high
C) when both life expectancy and infant mortality are high
D) when both life expectancy and infant mortality are low

Question 32

What is the purpose of emotion labour done by flight attendants and nurses?

A) to make employees happy
B) to make customers happy
C) to control aggression among managers
D) to control aggression among owners

Question 33

Which of the following sociologists is most famous for work on emotions?

A) Charles Derber
B) Dorothy Smith
C) Arlie Hochschild
D) Erving Goffman

Question 34

Niamh is a waitress. She is serving lunch to customers when one of them asks, "Why don't you smile, honey?" What is the customer demanding from Niamh?

A) role making
B) role management
C) emotion labour
D) emotion management

Question 35

Carlo works at an insurance call centre. A customer calls to place a claim for an Armani suit; he states that the suit was in his luggage during a recent trip and must have been stolen by luggage handlers. The caller has no airline report of the loss and no purchase receipt for the suit. After trying to explain why the claim would not be honoured, Carlo finally yells at the customer and hangs up. What has Carlo failed at?

A) sympathy management
B) sympathy manipulation
C) emotion management
D) emotion labour

Question 36

In recent years, what emotion have people increasingly been called upon to manage?

A) fear
B) joy
C) anger
D) grief

Question 37

How is emotion management different from emotion labour?

A) It is not paid.
B) It is exciting.
C) It is taught at business schools.
D) It is only performed by managers.

Question 38

Jackson and Adele are driving to a new friend's house for dinner and become lost along the way. Why is Jackson unlikely to stop and ask for directions?

A) Because he would be unable to mentally process directions while driving.
B) Because Adele would lose respect for him.
C) Because that would make him look inept.
D) Because that would cause him and Adele to get into an argument.

Question 39

According to the textbook, why has people's ability to experience emotions spontaneously and authentically decreased in recent years?

A) because of changes in the economy
B) because cultural scripts have changed
C) because people are socialized differently than in the past
D) because human adaptation has resulted in biochemical changes

Question 40

Why is Natasha likely better than Brian is at doing a job that involves emotion labour?

A) because women are more emotional than men
B) because men are more emotional than women
C) because women are better socialized for it
D) because women do not mind doing lower-paid work

Question 41

Which of the following situations during a first date is least likely to lead to a second date?

A) both people agree on which film to see on the first date
B) one person decides which film they will see on the first date
C) both people are careful to speak about the same amount of time
D) one person speaks nearly all the time

Question 42

According to the textbook, which of the following categories shows the lowest level of empathy?

A) women
B) the poor
C) the elderly
D) Generation Me

Question 43

Recently, a number of companies have used variations on the advertising slogan "It's all about you." With which audience is this slogan most likely to be successful?

A) women
B) the poor
C) the elderly
D) Generation Me

Question 44

According to the textbook, what is the main emotion felt in competitive social interactions?

A) envy
B) fear
C) trust
D) anger

Question 45

Researchers have compared attitudes of university students over the last thirty years. Which of the following has declined the most?

A) empathy
B) narcissism
C) distrust of technology
D) taking the perspective of others

Question 46

Sari and Sieglinde are friends. Every time they talk, Sari tries to turn the conversation toward herself. According to Derber, what is the most likely thing for Sieglinde to do during their conversations?

A) She leaves the room.
B) She does not notice anything wrong.
C) She challenges Sari over her rude behaviour.
D) She starts speaking over Sari and does not allow her to take turns.

Question 47

According to the textbook, what was the underlying causal factor in the emergence of requirements that people refrain from belching, scratching their private body areas, and passing gas at the dinner table?

A) a decline in standards of decency
B) the rise of capitalism
C) the rise of the modern political state
D) the decline in family-held power

Question 48

What does Charles Derber's research conclude about conversations among North Americans?

A) They subtly try to steer conversations toward others.
B) They subtly try to steer conversations toward themselves.
C) They aggressively try to steer conversations toward others.
D) They aggressively try to steer conversations toward themselves.

Question 49

Every time Rachel gets together with Mike for coffee, he talks only about himself and ignores any attempts she makes to talk about her own situation. What is likely to happen to this pair of friends?

A) They will continue being friends because Rachel will ignore her need for attention.
B) They will continue being friends because Mike will realize that he is being unfair.
C) They will cease being friends because Rachel's need for attention continues to be unmet.
D) They will cease being friends because Mike will need a new audience to give him the attention he craves.

Question 50

According to the textbook, what is the main cause of empathy?

A) gender
B) religious conviction
C) socialization
D) practice of social interaction

Question 51

Daniel and Sukumar are talking about where one can find the best deal on a brand of very expensive shoes. However, whenever Sukumar talks, Daniel either responds with "hmmmm" or does not respond at all, and then gives his opinion of the best stores. What is Daniel doing?

A) He is attempting to be a good listener.
B) He is attempting to shift the conversation to another topic.
C) He is attempting to shift the conversation to himself.
D) He is attempting to provide emotional support.

Question 52

Derber's analysis of conversations is influenced by conflict theory. Which of the following statements best reflects this?

A) Social interaction is influenced by people's level of appropriate socialization.
B) Conversations are socially constructed and individually interpreted.
C) Social interactions involve competition over scarce resources.
D) Conversations involve complex sets of symbols, both verbal and nonverbal.

Question 53

What do we call the ability to actualize one's own will even in the face of resistance?

A) authority
B) power
C) rational choice
D) competition

Question 54

According to the textbook, which of the following people is most likely to monopolize a conversation?

A) Alice, a 20-year-old woman, in conversation with Robert, a 30-year-old man
B) Robert, a 30-year-old man, in conversation with Alice, a 20-year-old woman
C) a child, in conversation with an adult
D) an adult, in conversation with a child

Question 55

According to the textbook, what are cooperative social interactions based on?

A) fear
B) trust
C) animosity
D) affection

Question 56

Which of the following changes had the greatest influence on anger control in family life?

A) political revolutions
B) industrialization
C) scientific revolution
D) Protestant Reformation

Question 57

According to the textbook, which of the following people is likely to be the one who interrupts more in a conversation?

A) Alice, a 20-year-old woman, in conversation with Robert, a 30-year-old man
B) Robert, a 30-year-old man, in conversation with Alice, a 20-year-old woman
C) a child, in conversation with an adult
D) an adult, in conversation with a child

Question 58

As the political leader of Germany and the Nazi Party, Adolf Hitler's social interactions with the Jewish community were characterized by which of the following?

A) competition
B) cooperation
C) domination
D) diplomacy

Question 59

According to the textbook, women have been strongly required to control their anger since which time period?

A) nineteenth century
B) seventeenth century
C) fifteenth century
D) thirteenth century

Question 60

Lucille and Lisa are recently engaged. Every time Lucille tries to say how she feels about their upcoming wedding, Lisa interrupts her and interjects statements about her terrible work situation. According to Charles Derber, what is Lisa doing?

A) losing the competition for emotional support
B) losing the competition for attention
C) winning the competition for emotional support
D) winning the competition for attention

Question 61

Many Canadians believe that the rich deserve their wealth. However, published data show that the majority of the richest Canadians have inherited their wealth and not earned it by hard work and enterprise. Which of the following concepts best accounts for this belief?

A) cultural standards
B) class consciousness
C) educational attainment
D) cultural scaffolding

Question 62

Which of the following should be avoided by a company wishing to maintain maximum efficiency?

A) a highly skewed salary range
B) a cooperative atmosphere
C) allowing workers creativity
D) worker participation in decision making

Question 63

Stacy is walking on Main Street, lost in thought, and looks up just in time to avoid colliding with a man rushing in her direction. Given what is known about social norms in Canada, what did she most likely do to avoid the collision?

A) She yelled at him.
B) She stood still.
C) She moved to the right.
D) She stepped backwards.

Question 64

According to the textbook, which of the following is the principal determinant of a successful action?

A) trust
B) fear
C) wealth
D) power

Question 65

Patrick is riding the elevator to his apartment when he hears a noise and then notices a foul smell being emitted from a fellow passenger. He does not say anything, but quietly holds his breath until they reach his floor, where he smiles and nods respectfully at the person and steps off the elevator. What is Patrick engaging in?

A) impression management
B) civil inattention
C) role distancing
D) rational choice

Question 66

When people are in public, they attempt to have others see them as favourably as possible. What is this behaviour called?

A) acting
B) impression management
C) status enforcement
D) dramaturgy

Question 67

Which of the following people is most likely to be efficient in the workplace?

A) someone who is generally a happy and optimistic person
B) someone who enjoys the job and identifies with the employer
C) someone who has a lot of authority at the workplace and manages others
D) someone who makes a lot of money for very little effort

Question 68

Which of the following is critical to behaving in an altruistic or heroic manner?

A) empathy
B) self-reflection
C) a high level of emotional intelligence
D) a desire to change the world

Question 69

Bryan has the task of organizing the annual barbecue and dance for his company's staff. From an organizational standpoint, what is the main point of his efforts?

A) to allow employees to relax and have fun
B) to increase worker productivity and efficiency
C) to enable the staff and bosses to become equal
D) to decrease feelings of alienation and loneliness at the workplace

Question 70

Which of the following modes of interaction is characterized by a medium level of inequality?

A) domination
B) competition
C) cooperation
D) altruism

Question 71

Dramaturgy suggests that people act in particular ways in public that are different from how they act in private. What is the reason for these differences in behaviour?

A) to practise impression management
B) to con people into believing they are something they are not
C) to make people more comfortable around them
D) to acquire more benefits at less of a cost

Question 72

Damien smiles and greets passengers as they board the aircraft on which he is employed as a flight attendant. When an elderly person passes him, he looks at his co-workers and rolls his eyes. What do his smiles and friendly greetings exemplify?

A) role management
B) emotion management
C) front-stage behaviour
D) back-stage behaviour

Question 73

According to ethnomethodologists, which of the following explains much social interaction?

A) preexisting norms and understandings
B) individual personality differences
C) taking on the role of the other
D) impression management

Question 74

Why does the textbook judge Erving Goffman's view to be cynical?

A) His theory suggests people are inauthentic and play roles while rarely being their true selves.
B) His theory suggests people are cold, calculating, and anxious to maximize benefits to themselves at whatever cost to others.
C) His theory suggests people have no true feelings of their own and simply mimic those of people around them.
D) His theory suggests people are superficial, hypocritical, and act in their own self-interests regardless of how this makes them appear to others.

Question 75

What types of workplaces are the most efficient?

A) domination-based
B) competitive
C) cooperative
D) egalitarian

Question 76

The textbook states that slavery is an inefficient means of getting work done. How is this claim explained?

A) Slave owners lack organization skills.
B) Fear of punishment is not a good motivator.
C) Most slaves are not well educated or highly trained.
D) Competition between slaves for positive reinforcement distracts them.

Question 77

According to the textbook, how do medical doctors learn to act like doctors?

A) through dramaturgical approach
B) through emotion management
C) through role distancing
D) through impression management

Question 78

Some schools in the United States teach Ebonics, a variant of English spoken by African-Americans. Which concept best describes why Ebonics is not likely to become widely accepted?

A) cultural standards
B) cultural scaffolding
C) racial standards
D) linguistic purity

Question 79

Carrie-Lee is embarrassed when her friends from university see her working as a Walmart greeter, so she explains to them that she is only doing it in order to find out firsthand how the company treats its employees. What is Carrie-Lee engaged in when she justifies her actions to her friends?

A) role conflict
B) role separation
C) role distancing
D) role strain

Question 80

Which sociologist is most likely to agree with Shakespeare's line, "All the world's a stage, and all the men and women merely players"?

A) George Herbert Mead
B) Erving Goffman
C) Arlie Hochschild
D) Harold Garfinkel